Backlog control in optoelectronic production using a digital twin

Digital twins are becoming increasingly popular in industry and are being used in various areas, such as production planning and control. Logistics performance still needs to be improved, especially in highly complex and automated production processes such as optoelectronics. The significant challenges faced by industrial companies today, such as stricter quality standards, smaller quantities and shorter product life cycles, exacerbate this phenomenon. In this context, digital twins offer a point of reference for improvement by providing an additional database that can be used to make more informed decisions in realtime. The novel contribution of this paper is the design of a simulation as a digital twin in the context of optoelectronic production. It is used to simulate a variety of backlog scenarios in production planning and to provide an additional source of data for backlog control. We also present an application example of how the digital twin can reduce backlogs in the production process. The simulation indicates that the designed model can effectively support the improvement of logistics performance by addressing the significant challenges in modern production

Methodology for Holistic Innovation Management and Order Processing Using the Example of the Tailored Forming Technology

Process and organizational innovations can create competitive advantages for companies in increasingly dynamic and complex markets. However, due to the lack of transparency in the interdependencies, it isn't easy to assess the impact of these innovations on economic, environmental, and production-logistical goals before implementation. Most evaluation models used in research and practice have a blind spot in at least one of the three dimensions. That said, the goal of any engineering discipline should always be practical application. This raises the question of which processes in order processing can holistically functionalize the newly developed innovation's process chain to support the transfer. This article presents an approach for developing a methodology for holistic innovation management and order processing to counteract the blind spot in the evaluation and fully functionalize innovations' order processing. To this end, the valuation model is first used to derive the economic, environmental, and production logistical factors of influence that increase the value of an investment in the innovation. Based on the measures identified, an integrated process for order processing will be developed, increasing profitability. The methodology will be developed based on the principles of Tailored Forming technology to establish a foundation for future research endeavors. In addition, it will serve as a framework for guidance and facilitate the transfer of this technology into practice

Electronic Structure of Colloidal 2H-MoS2 Mono and Bilayers Determined by Spectroelectrochemistry

The electronic structure of mono and bilayers of colloidal 2H-MoS2 nanosheets synthesized by wet-chemistry using potential-modulated absorption spectroscopy (EMAS), differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical gating measurements is investigated. The energetic positions of the conduction and valence band edges of the direct and indirect bandgap are reported and observe strong bandgap renormalization effects, charge screening of the exciton, as well as intrinsic n-doping of the as-synthesized material. Two distinct transitions in the spectral regime associated with the C exciton are found, which overlap into a broad signal upon filling the conduction band. In contrast to oxidation, the reduction of the nanosheets is largely reversible, enabling potential applications for reductive electrocatalysis. This work demonstrates that EMAS is a highly sensitive tool for determining the electronic structure of thin films with a few nanometer thicknesses and that colloidal chemistry affords high-quality transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets with an electronic structure comparable to that of exfoliated samples

Identification of non-muscle myosin heavy chain as a substrate for Cdk5 and tool for drug screening

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Deregulated activation of cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (Cdk5) is implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. One of the restricting factors for developing specific Cdk5 inhibitors is the lack of reproducible and well-characterized cellular in vitro assay systems.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>HEK293 cells were transfected with Cdk5 and its activator p25 as a starting point for an assay to screen for Cdk5 kinase inhibitors. To identify suitable substrates for Cdk5 we utilized an antibody that recognizes phospho serine in a consensus motif for Cdk substrates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Western blot analysis of transfected cells detected a 200 kDa band that was identified, by mass spectrometry, as non-muscle myosin heavy chain, type B (NMHC-B). Phosphorylation of NMHC-B was evident only in cells that were double transfected with Cdk5/p25 and was dose-dependently inhibited by Roscovitine and other Cdk5 inhibitors. Cdk5 was found to phosphorylate NMHC-B also in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A novel Cdk5 substrate NMHC-B was identified in this study. A cellular assay for screening of Cdk5 inhibitors was established using NMHC-B phosphorylation as a read-out in Cdk5/p25 transfected HEK293 cells. A novel Cdk5 inhibitor was also pharmacologically characterized in this assay system.</p

Large-Scale Intentional Interventions into the Climate System? Assessing the Climate Engineering Debate

Scoping report conducted on behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Kiel Earth Institute, Kiel

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements