Competencias digitales y educación

This article provides an analysis of digital competences in the current context. The growing expectation of new technologies and their multiple applications have produced important repercussions in all spheres of society, and, specifically, in the aspect of higher education where the demands are more than significant seeking to cover their implications. In the first place, the theoretical panorama about the different meanings and concepts in relation to digital competences is made known. This approach provides information on aspects that relate to digital s. Next, below there are some data that allow to give new perspectives, such as the importance and repercussions, as well as what should be the digital competences in professors according to the current demand in higher education. Finally, a variety of expectations are presented in relation to the aspects that could be developed based on such a relevant topic.El presente artículo brinda un análisis de las competencias digitales en el contexto actual. La creciente expectativa de las nuevas tecnologías y sus múltiples aplicaciones han producido trascendentes repercusiones en todas las esferas de la sociedad, y que, en concreto, en el aspecto de la educación superior donde las demandas son más que significativas buscando que cubrir sus implicancias. En primer lugar, se da a conocer el panorama teórico sobre las diferentes acepciones y conceptos en relación con las competencias digitales. Dicho enfoque brinda información sobre aspectos que atañen a lo relacionado a las competencias digitales. Seguidamente, se presentan algunos datos que permiten dar nuevas perspectivas, tales como la importancia y repercusiones, así como cuáles deberían ser las competencias digitales en los docentes universitarios en función de la demanda actual en la educación superior. Finalmente se dan a conocer una variedad de expectativas con relación a las vertientes que podrían desarrollarse en función de tan relevante tema

Virtual Seminar: an innovative educational experience

INTRODUCTION: it is of special importance that teachers can easily transmit knowledge, using didactical tools such as Cmaptools, Slideshare, YouTube, among others. Because of that, teaching methods nowadays are going through a revolution that implies technological development and the arrival of new generations. OBJECTIVE: describe the experience of developing a virtual education strategy in our institution to improve the teaching and learning process and facilitate interaction with students. METHODOLOGY: the students must do a bibliography search in databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Embase) choosing one recent (published within the previous 3 months) original article in English. The article must involve the use of molecular techniques that include some sort of electrophoresis, then, get a tutoring session with the main teacher of the course, after that, the student must design a PowerPoint slideshow of a maximum of 15 slides. Finally, must record a 10-minute-long video of the presentation, the video must be uploaded to the YouTube website. RESULTS: a greater comprehension of the seminar presentation dynamic was observed in comparison to the previous methodology, which did not include the virtual component. CONCLUSIONS: the implementation of new innovative methodologies in education allows students to develop a broader learning process, besides improving their scientific understanding; they improve their knowledge on technological tools implemented in education.

The Law and Science Trial: a learning experience through role-playing

INTRODUCTION: Problem-based learning and roleplay allow students to develop an active role in their learning process and make them implement classroom-acquired theoretical concepts in a practical environment. METHODS: The group of students was divided into 2 groups, the first representing the patient's family and the second the patient's insurance company. Each group defends its interests, the family defends the need for gene therapy and the insurance company defends the limitations that may occur with it. MAIN OBJECTIVE: In this article, we present an educational experience based on roleplaying and problem-based learning developed for a Molecular Biology course in a Faculty of Medicine of a Colombian university, where students are asked to act out specific roles on a simulated trial. RESULTS: As many concepts taught through the course are easily forgotten, the Law & Science Gene Therapy Trial was developed to make learning a more didactical process and, therefore, improve academic results. This experience allows a theoretical-practical integration based on the students’ knowledge of gene therapy, its molecular basis, and clinical implications. CONCLUSION: The trial is a meaningful experience that has been implemented for more than 10 years with Institutional support. Academic results from the experience have been exceptional and students are motivated to develop assertive communication and teamwork capacities

Proyecto de emprendimiento social reciclando y transformando

El presente trabajo muestra el proyecto de emprendimiento social basado en la problemática encontrada en el municipio de Pasto más exactamente en el corregimiento de Mocondino - vereda Dolores, sobre la acumulación de desechos plásticos contaminantes y convencionales de agroquímicos que son dejados en el campo afectando fuentes y ecosistemas; para mitigar el impacto que esto ocasiona se crea la propuesta de emprendimiento social como microempresa Campoplast dedicada a la recuperación y utilización de material reciclable de envases de agroquímicos para la elaboración de postes que servirán principalmente en la agricultura y ganadería; en la cual se considera al reciclador y agricultor parte importante de este. Se realiza la propuesta de emprendimiento social y el plan de negocio en cuatro capítulos discriminados de la siguiente manera; capítulo 1 identificación de la problemática, capítulo 2 Valor social y modelo de negocio, capítulo 3 propuesta de valor – modelo de negocio Canvas, capitulo 4 estrategias de mercadeo, capitulo 5 proyección operativa y financiera. En este proceso se da a conocer el paso a paso para demostrar la viabilidad del proyecto de emprendimiento social microempresa Campoplast a través de la proyección en ventas y financiera, así también se toma como una alternativa de mejoramiento ambiental en la zona de influencia al tomar como materia prima residuos de plástico que generalmente no son ubicados de la mejor manera y el beneficio en la economía de la zona al generar empleo y nuevas formas de ingresos.The present work shows the social entrepreneurship project based on the problem found in the municipality of Pasto, more precisely in the township of Mocondino - Dolores village, on the accumulation of polluting and conventional plastic waste from agrochemicals that are left in the field affecting sources and ecosystems; To mitigate the impact that this causes, the social entrepreneurship proposal is created as a Campoplast micro-enterprise dedicated to the recovery and use of recyclable material from agrochemical containers for the production of posts that will be used mainly in agriculture and livestock; in which the recycler and farmer are considered an important part of it. The social entrepreneurship proposal and the business plan are made in four chapters discriminated as follows; Chapter 1 Identification of the problem, Chapter 2 Social value and business model, Chapter 3 Value proposition - Canvas business model, Chapter 4 Marketing strategies, Chapter 5 Operational and financial projection. In this process, the step by step is disclosed to demonstrate the viability of the Campoplast micro-enterprise social entrepreneurship project through sales and financial projection, as well as taking it as an alternative for environmental improvement in the area of influence by taking as raw material plastic waste that is generally not located in the best way and the benefit in the economy of the area by generating employment and new forms of income

Relevamiento de especies nativas en la Reserva Santa María Norte Ituzaingó-Buenos Aires Mayo 2023

Los ambientes naturales, además de ser reservorios de la biodiversidad y del patrimonio natural y cultural, generan servicios ecosistémicos al entorno, que pueden ser fácilmente aprovechados y potenciados para contribuir con las actividades productivas desarrolladas en áreas periurbanas. En este sentido es necesario definir áreas de amortiguamiento prioritarias de alto valor por la presencia de flora nativa. En este contexto y en el marco de los proyectos de investigación 2023-PE-L06-I081 (Ecosistema de innovación, integración digital y adopción de AgTech para reducir la brecha tecnológica en el SAB) y el 2023-PE-076 (Dinámica y prospectiva de las tensiones territoriales) del Instituto Nacional de tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), se ha iniciado un relevamiento de especies nativas identificando 163 parches en un área de 10 km alrededor del campo del Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CNIA) de INTA Hurlingham (Pidal, 2018). A los efectos de encontrar una metodología adecuada para la identificación de las especies mencionadas, se ha planteado la idea de realizar relevamientos con imágenes de muy alta resolución espacial, obtenidas a partir de cámaras montadas en drones, de estos parches de vegetación natural (mezcla de ecosistemas naturales y seminaturales). Para ello, se intenta probar esta metodología en las áreas de reservas urbanas lindantes con el CNIA. Dentro de las áreas protegidas, se encuentran las reservas privadas, que son aquellas en las que los dueños han decidido participar activamente en la conservación, protección y recuperación de los recursos naturales y del medio ambiente local. Resultan vitales hoy en día para la conservación de la naturaleza argentina ya que más del 80% del territorio nacional se encuentra en manos de privados, por lo cual es imprescindible su participación en la toma de decisiones referidas a la conservación de parte de sus propiedades (Gasparri et al. 2012). A este tipo pertenecen las reservas del CEAMSE, que, aunque mayormente parquizadas, pose algunos relictos naturales como la Reserva Santa María en Hurlingham y el Parque San Martín en el partido de San Martín. El miércoles 3 de mayo de 2023 se realizó un relevamiento en la Reserva Ecológica urbana “Santa María” sector norte. En esta experiencia piloto, se ha realizado una recorrida en el terreno y relevamiento aéreo con el fin de probar la tecnología de cámaras montadas en drones para la obtención de la información primaria.Fil: Casella, Alejandra Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Pidal Hepburn, Bárbara. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos. Jardín Botánico Arturo Ragonese, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Maria Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Area Metropolitana de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Marcela Inés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Vitale, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Sistemas de Información Geográficos y Sensores Remotos; ArgentinaFil: Maurelis, Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Area Metropolitana de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Rojo, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: German, Leonardo A. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Argentin

Differential limit on the extremely-high-energy cosmic neutrino flux in the presence of astrophysical background from nine years of IceCube data

We report a quasi-differential upper limit on the extremely-high-energy (EHE) neutrino flux above $5\times 10^{6}$ GeV based on an analysis of nine years of IceCube data. The astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube extends to PeV energies, and it is a background flux when searching for an independent signal flux at higher energies, such as the cosmogenic neutrino signal. We have developed a new method to place robust limits on the EHE neutrino flux in the presence of an astrophysical background, whose spectrum has yet to be understood with high precision at PeV energies. A distinct event with a deposited energy above $10^{6}$ GeV was found in the new two-year sample, in addition to the one event previously found in the seven-year EHE neutrino search. These two events represent a neutrino flux that is incompatible with predictions for a cosmogenic neutrino flux and are considered to be an astrophysical background in the current study. The obtained limit is the most stringent to date in the energy range between $5 \times 10^{6}$ and $5 \times 10^{10}$ GeV. This result constrains neutrino models predicting a three-flavor neutrino flux of $E_\nu^2\phi_{\nu_e+\nu_\mu+\nu_\tau}\simeq2\times 10^{-8}\ {\rm GeV}/{\rm cm}^2\ \sec\ {\rm sr}$at$10^9\ {\rm GeV}$. A significant part of the parameter-space for EHE neutrino production scenarios assuming a proton-dominated composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is excluded.Comment: The version accepted for publication in Physical Review

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Protein tyrosine phosphatases expression during development of mouse superior colliculus

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of different processes during development of the central nervous system. However, expression patterns and potential roles of PTPs in the developing superior colliculus remain poorly investigated. In this study, a degenerate primer-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach was used to isolate seven different intracellular PTPs and nine different receptor-type PTPs (RPTPs) from embryonic E15 mouse superior colliculus. Subsequently, the expression patterns of 11 PTPs (TC-PTP, PTP1C, PTP1D, PTP-MEG2, PTP-PEST, RPTPJ, RPTPε, RPTPRR, RPTPσ, RPTPκ and RPTPγ) were further analyzed in detail in superior colliculus from embryonic E13 to postnatal P20 stages by quantitative real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Each of the 11 PTPs exhibits distinct spatiotemporal regulation of mRNAs and proteins in the developing superior colliculus suggesting their versatile roles in genesis of neuronal and glial cells and retinocollicular topographic mapping. At E13, additional double-immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of PTPs in collicular nestin-positive neural progenitor cells and RC-2-immunoreactive radial glia cells, indicating the potential functional importance of PTPs in neurogenesis and gliogenesis