527 research outputs found
Health Locus of Control and Assimilation of Cervical Cancer Information in Deaf Women
This study assessed the relationship between Deaf women's internal health locus of control (IHLC) and their cervical cancer knowledge acquisition and retention. A blind, randomized trial evaluated Deaf women's (N = 130) baseline cancer knowledge and knowledge gained and retained from an educational intervention, in relation to their IHLC. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales measured baseline IHLC, and a cervical cancer knowledge survey evaluated baseline to post-intervention knowledge change. Women's IHLC did not significantly predict greater cervical cancer knowledge at baseline or over time. IHLC does not appear to be a characteristic that must be considered when creating Deaf women's cancer education programs
Parton energy loss limits and shadowing in Drell-Yan dimuon production
A precise measurement of the ratios of the Drell-Yan cross section per
nucleon for an 800 GeV/c proton beam incident on Be, Fe and W targets is
reported. The behavior of the Drell-Yan ratios at small target parton momentum
fraction is well described by an existing fit to the shadowing observed in
deep-inelastic scattering. The cross section ratios as a function of the
incident parton momentum fraction set tight limits on the energy loss of quarks
passing through a cold nucleus
N rf2‐Mediated Resistance to Oxidant‐Induced Redox Disruption in Embryos
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92129/1/bdrb21005.pd
Measurement of Angular Distributions of Drell-Yan Dimuons in Interactions at 800 GeV/c
We report a measurement of the angular distributions of Drell-Yan dimuons
produced using an 800 GeV/c proton beam on a hydrogen target. The polar and
azimuthal angular distribution parameters have been extracted over the
kinematic range GeV/c (excluding the
resonance region), GeV/c, and . The angular
distributions are similar to those of , and both data sets are compared
with models which attribute the distribution either to the
presence of the transverse-momentum-dependent Boer-Mulders structure function
or to QCD effects. The data indicate the presence of both
mechanisms. The validity of the Lam-Tung relation in Drell-Yan is also
tested.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Measurement of Angular Distributions of Drell-Yan Dimuons in p + d Interaction at 800 GeV/c
We report a measurement of the angular distributions of Drell-Yan dimuons
produced using an 800 GeV/c proton beam on a deuterium target. The muon angular
distributions in polar angle and azimuthal angle have been
measured over the kinematic range GeV/c, GeV/c, and . No significant cos dependence is found
in these proton-induced Drell-Yan data, in contrast to the situation for
pion-induced Drell-Yan. The data are compared with expectations from models
which attribute the cos distribution to a QCD vacuum effect or to the
presence of the transverse-momentum-dependent Boer-Mulders structure function
. Constraints on the magnitude of the sea-quark
structure functions are obtained.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) : the potential of excited-state d-block metals in medicine
The fields of phototherapy and of inorganic chemotherapy both have long histories. Inorganic photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) offers both temporal and spatial control over drug activation and has remarkable potential for the treatment of cancer. Following photoexcitation, a number of different decay pathways (both photophysical and photochemical) are available to a metal complex. These pathways can result in radiative energy release, loss of ligands or transfer of energy to another species, such as triplet oxygen. We discuss the features which need to be considered when developing a metal-based anticancer drug, and the common mechanisms by which the current complexes are believed to operate. We then provide a comprehensive overview of PACT developments for complexes of the different d-block metals for the treatment of cancer, detailing the more established areas concerning Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Pt, and Cu and also highlighting areas where there is potential for greater exploration. Nanoparticles (Ag, Au) and quantum dots (Cd) are also discussed for their photothermal destructive potential. We also discuss the potential held in particular by mixed-metal systems and Ru complexes
Evading innate immunity in nonviral mRNA delivery : don't shoot the messenger
In de field of non-viral gene therapy, in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA has emerged as a promising tool for the delivery of genetic information. Over the past few years it has become widely known the introduction of IVT mRNA into mammalian cells elicits an innate immune response which has favored mRNA use towards immunotherapeutic vaccination strategies. However, for non-immunotherapy related applications this intrinsic immune-stimulatory activity directly interferes with the aimed therapeutic outcome, as it can seriously compromise the expression of the desired protein. This review presents an overview of the immune-related obstacles that limit mRNA advance for non-immunotherapy related applications
Salt Reduction Initiatives around the World – A Systematic Review of Progress towards the Global Target
Objective
To quantify progress with the initiation of salt reduction strategies around the world in the context of the global target to reduce population salt intake by 30% by 2025.
Methods
A systematic review of the published and grey literature was supplemented by questionnaires sent to country program leaders. Core characteristics of strategies were extracted and categorised according to a pre-defined framework.
Results
A total of 75 countries now have a national salt reduction strategy, more than double the number reported in a similar review done in 2010. The majority of programs are multifaceted and include industry engagement to reformulate products (n = 61), establishment of sodium content targets for foods (39), consumer education (71), front-of-pack labelling schemes (31), taxation on high-salt foods (3) and interventions in public institutions (54). Legislative action related to salt reduction such as mandatory targets, front of pack labelling, food procurement policies and taxation have been implemented in 33 countries. 12 countries have reported reductions in population salt intake, 19 reduced salt content in foods and 6 improvements in consumer knowledge, attitudes or behaviours relating to salt.
Conclusion
The large and increasing number of countries with salt reduction strategies in place is encouraging although activity remains limited in low- and middle-income regions. The absence of a consistent approach to implementation highlights uncertainty about the elements most important to success. Rigorous evaluation of ongoing programs and initiation of salt reduction programs, particularly in low- and middle- income countries, will be vital to achieving the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake
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