Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Frequency of microorganisms isolated in patients with bacteremia in intensive care units in Colombia and their resistance profiles

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the most frequently found bacterial microorganisms in bloodstream isolates taken from patients in intensive care units in Colombia and their resistance profiles. METHODS: This was a multicentre descriptive observational study that was carried out between January 2001 and June 2008 with laboratory data from 33 participating hospitals in a surveillance network. RESULTS: The most frequently found microorganisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococci 39.6%, Staphylococcus aureus 12.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 8.2%, Escherichia coli 5.7%, Acinetobacter baumannii, 4.0% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.8%. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci registered greater than 70% oxacillin resistance rate. S. aureus presented a change in its multiresistance profile during the years of follow-up. There was a trend towards a lower resistance rate among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates during the study period while A. baumannii carbapenem resistance rate exceeded 50%. DISCUSSION: There has been a change in the frequency of species being isolated with a higher frequency of enterobacteriaceae compared to Gram-positive microorganisms, in general with a high resistance rate

Frequency of microorganisms isolated in patients with bacteremia in intensive care units in Colombia and their resistance profiles

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the most frequently found bacterial microorganisms in bloodstream isolates taken from patients in intensive care units in Colombia and their resistance profiles. METHODS: This was a multicentre descriptive observational study that was carried out between January 2001 and June 2008 with laboratory data from 33 participating hospitals in a surveillance network. RESULTS: The most frequently found microorganisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococci 39.6%, Staphylococcus aureus 12.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 8.2%, Escherichia coli 5.7%, Acinetobacter baumannii, 4.0% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.8%. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci registered greater than 70% oxacillin resistance rate. S. aureus presented a change in its multiresistance profile during the years of follow-up. There was a trend towards a lower resistance rate among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates during the study period while A. baumannii carbapenem resistance rate exceeded 50%. DISCUSSION: There has been a change in the frequency of species being isolated with a higher frequency of enterobacteriaceae compared to Gram-positive microorganisms, in general with a high resistance rate

Effect of a brief cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy program remote for patients with depressive symptoms

La depresión es un trastorno por un estado de tristeza la mayor parte del día, casi todo el día y está acompañada de una sintomatología física, psicológica y cognitiva, que repercute en la actividad cotidiana de quien la padece. La terapia cognitivo conductual es un tratamiento psicológico que ha mostrado ser eficaz en pacientes que manifiestan depresión. El objetivo del presente estudio fue implementar la aplicación de un programa de psicoterapia cognitivo conductual breve en pacientes con depresión.&nbsp; Se trabajó con 96 pacientes con depresión, se les aplicó el programa de psicoterapia cognitivo conductual breve, mostrando diferencias significativas en la disminución de la sintomatología depresiva antes y después del tratamiento. Los resultados sugieren la importancia de aplicar la psicoterapia cognitivo conductual en pacientes con depresión, por la eficacia que ha mostrado el tratamiento.&nbsp;&nbsp;Depression is an emotional disorder that causes a feeling of constant sadness and a loss of interest in doing different activities. It is accompanied by physical, psychological and cognitive symptoms, which have an impact on the daily activity of those who suffer from it. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a psychological treatment that has been shown to be effective in patients who manifest depression. The objective of the present study was to implement the application of a brief cognitive behavioral psychotherapy program in patients with depression. We worked with 96 patients diagnosed with depression. The brief behavioral cognitive psychotherapy program was applied to them, showing significant differences in the reduction of depressive symptoms before and after treatment. The results suggest the importance of applying cognitive behavioral psychotherapy in patients with depression, due to the efficacy that the treatment has shown

Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America

Candidemia is one of the most frequent opportunistic mycoses worldwide. Limited epidemiological studies in Latin America indicate that incidence rates are higher in this region than in the Northern Hemisphere. Diagnosis is often made late in the infection, affecting the initiation of antifungal therapy. A more scientific approach, based on specific parameters, for diagnosis and management of candidemia in Latin America is warranted.'Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia' are a series of manuscripts that have been developed by members of the Latin America Invasive Mycosis Network. They aim to provide a set of best-evidence recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia.This publication, 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America', was written to provide guidance to healthcare professionals on the management of children who have, or who are at risk of, candidemia.Computerized searches of existing literature were performed by PubMed. the data were extensively reviewed and analyzed by members of the group. the group also met on two occasions to pose questions, discuss conflicting views, and deliberate on a series of management recommendations.'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America' includes prophylaxis, empirical therapy, therapy for proven candidemia, patient work-up following diagnosis of candidemia, duration of candidemia treatment, and central venous catheter management in children with candidemia. This manuscript is the third of this series that deals with diagnosis and treatment of invasive candidiasis. Other publications in this series include: 'Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America', 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America', and 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America'.This article is also published in Spanish in this issue. It can be found in http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2013.05.011(c) 2013 Revista lberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.PfizerUniv Chile, Hosp Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, ChileUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilHosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, HondurasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Hosp Vozandes, Fac Med, Quito, EcuadorUniv Buenos Aires, Hosp Clin Jose de San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Nacl Colombia, Bogota, ColombiaUniv Desarrollo, Clin Alemana, Santiago, ChileHosp Privado, Ctr Med Caracas, Caracas, VenezuelaNatl Inst Med Sci & Nutr, Tlalpan, MexicoUniv Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PeruUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America

Candidemia is one of the most frequent opportunistic mycoses worldwide. Limited epidemiological studies in Latin America indicate that incidence rates are higher in this region than in the Northern Hemisphere. Diagnosis is often made late in the infection, affecting the initiation of antifungal therapy. A more scientific approach, based on specific parameters, for diagnosis and management of candidemia in Latin America is warranted.'Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia' are a series of manuscripts that have been developed by members of the Latin America Invasive Mycosis Network. They aim to provide a set of best-evidence recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia.This publication, 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America', was written to provide guidance to healthcare professionals on the management of neonates who have, or who are at risk of, candidemia.Computerized searches of existing literature were performed by PubMed. the data were extensively reviewed and analyzed by members of the group. the group also met on two occasions to pose questions, discuss conflicting views, and deliberate on a series of management recommendations.'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America' includes prophylaxis, empirical therapy, therapy for proven candidemia, patient work-up following diagnosis of candidemia, central venous catheter management, and management of complications.This manuscript is the fourth of this series that deals with diagnosis and treatment of invasive candidiasis. Other publications in this series include: 'Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America', 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America', and 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America'.This article is also published in Spanish in this issue. It can be found in http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2013.06.002(c) 2013 Revista lberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.PfizerUniv Chile, Hosp Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, ChileHosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, HondurasUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Hosp Vozandes, Fac Med, Quito, EcuadorUniv Buenos Aires, Hosp Clin Jose de San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Nacl Colombia, Bogota, ColombiaUniv Desarrollo, Clin Alemana, Santiago, ChileHosp Privado, Ctr Med Caracas, Caracas, VenezuelaNatl Inst Med Sci & Nutr, Tlalpan, MexicoUniv Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PeruUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America

Candidemia is one of the most frequent opportunistic mycoses worldwide. Limited epidemiological studies in Latin America indicate that incidence rates are higher in this region than in the Northern Hemisphere. Diagnosis is often made late in the infection, affecting the initiation of antifungal therapy. A more scientific approach, based on specific parameters, for diagnosis and management of candidemia in Latin America is warranted.'Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia' are a series of manuscripts that have been developed by members of the Latin America Invasive Mycosis Network. They aim to provide a set of best-evidence recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia.This publication, 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America', was written to provide guidance to healthcare professionals on the management of adults who have, or who are at risk of, candidemia.Computerized searches of existing literature were performed by PubMed. the data were extensively reviewed and analyzed by members of the group. the group also met on two occasions to pose questions, discuss conflicting views, and deliberate on a series of management recommendations.'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America' includes prophylaxis, empirical therapy, therapy for proven candidemia, patient work-up following diagnosis of candidemia, duration of candidemia treatment, and central venous catheter management in patients with candidemia. This manuscript is the second of this series that deals with diagnosis and treatment of invasive candidiasis. Other publications in this series include: 'Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America', 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America', and 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America'.This article is also published in Spanish in this issue. It can be found in http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2013.06.001(c) 2013 Revista lberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.PfizerUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Desarrollo, Clin Alemana, Santiago, ChileHosp Privado Ctr Med Caracas, Caracas, VenezuelaUniv Buenos Aires, Hosp Clin Jose de San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Nacl Colombia, Bogota, ColombiaUniv Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PeruNatl Inst Med Sci & Nutr, Tlalpan, MexicoPontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Hosp Vozandes Fac Med, Quito, EcuadorUniv Chile, Hosp Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, ChileHosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, HondurasUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America

Candidemia is one of the most frequent opportunistic mycoses worldwide. Limited epidemiological studies in Latin America indicate that incidence rates are higher in this region than in the Northern Hemisphere. Diagnosis is often made late in the infection, affecting the initiation of antifungal therapy. A more scientific approach, based on specific parameters, for diagnosis and management of candidemia in Latin America is warranted.'Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia' are a series of manuscripts that have been developed by members of the Latin America Invasive Mycosis Network. They aim to provide a set of best-evidence recommendations for the diagnosis and management of candidemia.This publication, 'Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America', was written to provide guidance to healthcare professionals on the diagnosis of candidemia, as well as on the usefulness and application of susceptibility testing in patients who have a confirmed diagnosis of candidemia. Computerized searches of existing literature were performed by PubMed. the data were extensively reviewed and analyzed by members of the group. the group also met on two occasions to pose questions, discuss conflicting views, and deliberate on a series of management recommendations.'Recommendations for the diagnosis of candidemia in Latin America' includes diagnostic methods used to detect candidemia, Candida species identification, and susceptibility testing. the availability of methods, their costs and treatment settings are considered.This manuscript is the first of this series that deals with diagnosis and treatment of invasive candidiasis. Other publications in this series include: 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in adults in Latin America', 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in children in Latin America', and 'Recommendations for the management of candidemia in neonates in Latin America'.This article is also published in Spanish in this issue. It can be found in http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2013.05.009(c) 2013 Revista lberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.PfizerUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Nacl Colombia, Bogota, ColombiaPontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Hosp Vozandes, Fac Med, Quito, EcuadorHosp Privado Ctr Med Caracas, Caracas, VenezuelaHosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, HondurasUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Chile, Hosp Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, ChileUniv Buenos Aires, Hosp Clin Jose de San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PeruNatl Inst Med Sci & Nutr, Tlalpan, MexicoUniv Desarrollo, Clin Alemana, Santiago, ChileUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Active Surveillance of Candidemia in Children from Latin America A Key Requirement for Improving Disease Outcome

Background: Active surveillance is necessary for improving the management and outcomes of patients with candidemia. the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiologic and clinical features of candidemia in pediatric patients in Latin America.Method: Prospective, multicenter, surveillance study of candidemia in a pediatric population from 23 hospitals in 8 Latin America countries between November 2008 and October 2010.Results: Three hundred and two cases of candidemia were reported with a median incidence of 0.81/1000 admissions. Eighty nine (29%) were neonates. the main risk factors were prematurity, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, parenteral nutrition, respiratory disease and mechanical ventilation in neonates and malignancy, neutropenia, neurological disease and previous use of corticosteroids in children. the main species isolated in neonates and children were Candida albicans (43.8% and 35.7%), Candida parapsilosis (27.0% and 26.3%) and Candida tropicalis (14.6% and 14.6%), respectively. the most frequent antifungal therapy used in neonates and children was deoxycholate-amphotericin-B (43.8% and 29.1%) and fluconazole (28.1% and 53.1%). Seventeen neonates (19.1%) and 20 children (9.4%) did not receive antifungal therapy. the 30-day survival rate was 60% in neonates and 72% in children (P = 0.02). Survival was significantly higher in treated than in nontreated neonates (72% vs. 24%; P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that independent predictors for 30-day mortality in children were renal disease (odds ratio: 4.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.92-10.1, P < 0.001) and receipt of corticosteroids (odds ratio: 2.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-4.17, P = 0.04).Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective, multicenter surveillance study of candidemia in children in Latin America. This epidemiologic information may provide us with methods to improve preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in our continent.Pfizer Inc.Univ Chile, Fac Med, Hosp Luis Calvo Mackenna, Dept Pediat, Santiago 7, ChileHosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, HondurasUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Infect Dis Unit, São Paulo, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Hosp Vozandes, Fac Med, Quito, EcuadorHosp Clin Jose San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Nacl Colombia, Dept Internal Med, Bogota, ColombiaUniv Desarrollo, Dept Med, Clin Alemana, Infect Dis Unit, Santiago, ChileHosp Vargas Caracas, Infect Unit, Caracas, VenezuelaInst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, DF, MexicoUniv Cayetano Heredia, Dept Med, Lima, PeruUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Univ Hosp, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Infect Dis Unit, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc