Technological adaptation for an electric wheelchair, applying a modular approach

Los productos de apoyo, como las sillas de ruedas eléctricas, ayudan a que las personas en situación de discapacidad se integren en la sociedad. Sin embargo, frecuentemente, en países en desarrollo, como Colombia, la industria en este campo aún está en proceso de consolidación abasteciendo de la demanda mediante importación. Adicionalmente, la situación socioeconómica de algunos usuarios demanda, comúnmente, el re-uso de este tipo de productos. En este contexto, es frecuente la realización de adaptaciones tecnológicas a estos productos. Considerando las graves consecuencias físicas que pueden inducir una inadecuada adaptación tecnológica a sillas de ruedas eléctricas, se hace necesario avanzar en la definición de acertados procedimientos que integren sinérgicamente teorías y herramientas de diseño en diferentes dominios, tales como: mecánica, electrónica y ciencias de la computación. Así, este articulo presenta la integración de herramientas de modelado, formales y semiformales, tales como: diseño centrado en usuario, IDEF0, UML, Red de Petri, CAD, CAE, entre otras, para asegurar adaptaciones tecnológicas usando un abordaje modular en una silla de ruedas eléctrica usada que permitiera su re-uso a las nuevas condiciones de operación impuestas por otro usuario. La flexibilidad estructural evidenciada por el abordaje utilizado favorece el cumplimiento de futuros requisitos por un posible re-uso de otro usuario.Supporting products, such as electric wheelchairs, help people with disabilities integrate into society. However, often, in developing countries such as Colombia, the industry in this field it is still in the process of supplying consolidation of demand through imports. In addition, the socioeconomic situations of some users commonly demand the re-use of these products. In this context, the technological realization of adaptations to these products is common. Considering the serious physical consequences that could induce an inadequate technological adaptation to electric wheelchairs, it is necessary to advance in the definition of successful procedures that integrate synergistically theories and design tools in different domains, such as: mechanical, electronic and science computing. Thus, this paper presents the integration of modeling tools, formal and semi-formal, such as user-centered, IDEF0, UML, Petri Network, CAD, CAE, among others, to ensure technological adaptations using a modular approach in a chair design used electric wheelchair that would allow their re-use to new operating conditions imposed by another user. The structural flexibility as evidenced by the approach used promotes compliance with future requirements for possible re-use of another user

Axiomatic design of a foot-ankle mechanism of a transtibial prosthesis in the Colombian context

The rehabilitation of people with motor disabilities derived from transtibial amputation is a complex task that requires the use of different technical aids, such as prostheses, for effective performance. According to the background analysis consulted, the different solutions present limited information on the design procedure followed to ensure proper behavior in a given environment. In this sense, this work proposes the axiomatic design of a foot-ankle mechanism to emulate natural gait in the Colombian context. Where, focusing on the user, a progressive refinement of the functional requirements was carried out that allowed to clearly define the specification sequence of the design parameters, favoring the analysis and synthesis of the solution in different aspects related to aesthetics and function.La rehabilitación de personas con discapacidad motora, derivada de la amputación transtibial, es una tarea compleja que requiere del uso de diferentes ayudas técnicas, como prótesis, para una efectiva realización. Según el análisis de los antecedentes consultados, las diferentes soluciones presentan una limitada información sobre el procedimiento de diseño seguido para asegurar un adecuado comportamiento en un determinado entorno. En este sentido, considerando el contexto colombiano, este trabajo propone el diseño axiomático para la especificación de un mecanismo pie-tobillo de una prótesis transtibial, que permita emular la marcha natural. Por lo que, centrándose en el usuario, se realizó un refinamiento progresivo de los requisitos funcionales que permitió definir claramente la secuencia de especificación de acuerdo con los parámetros de diseño, favoreciendo el análisis y síntesis de la solución en diferentes aspectos relacionados con la estética y función

Development of an information system for teleoperated physical rehab care service via Internet. Pilot case: patients with mild knee injury who live in geographically vulnerable zones

In recent years, new technologies have been implemented for treating and rehabilitating of diseases, such as distance medicine, known as telemedicine. With the participation of an interdisciplinary group of researchers from Universidad del Valle and health professionals, a pilot project was established to test a teleoperated care system with a prototype designed for the rehabilitation of patients with mild knee injury in the of public health network ESE Ladera in Cali, Colombia, to provide physical rehabilitation services from the urban health center to patients living in rural areas of Cali. In order to comprehensively evaluate the functioning of this teleoperated physical rehabilitation system comprenhensively, an information system (IS) was designed that includes a set of indicators that assess the health care system from a mechanical, economic, clinical and social points of view.En los últimos años, se han implementado nuevas tecnologías para el tratamiento y la rehabilitación de enfermedades, como la medicina a distancia, conocida como telemedicina. Con la participación de un grupo interdisciplinario de investigadores de la Universidad del Valle y profesionales de la salud, se estableció un proyecto piloto para probar un sistema de atención teleoperado con un prototipo diseñado para la rehabilitación de pacientes con lesión leve de rodilla, en la red de salud pública ESE Ladera en Cali, Colombia, para proporcionar servicios de rehabilitación física desde el centro de salud urbano a pacientes que viven en áreas rurales de Cali. Con el fin de evaluar de manera integral el funcionamiento de este sistema de rehabilitación física teleoperado, se diseñó un sistema de información (SI) que incluye un conjunto de indicadores que evalúa el sistema de atención de la salud desde un punto de vista mecánico, económico, clínico y social

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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Measurement of nuclear modification factors of gamma(1S)), gamma(2S), and gamma(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The cross sections for ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, RAA(ϒ(1S)) > RAA(ϒ(2S)) > RAA(ϒ(3S)). The suppression of ϒ(1S) is larger than that seen at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the RAA of ϒ(3S) integrated over pT, rapidity and centrality is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for a quarkonium state in heavy ion collisions to date. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.Peer reviewe

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions

Measurement of b jet shapes in proton-proton collisions at root s=5.02 TeV

We present the first study of charged-hadron production associated with jets originating from b quarks in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in this study was collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb(-1). To characterize the jet substructure, the differential jet shapes, defined as the normalized transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons as a function of angular distance from the jet axis, are measured for b jets. In addition to the jet shapes, the per-jet yields of charged particles associated with b jets are also quantified, again as a function of the angular distance with respect to the jet axis. Extracted jet shape and particle yield distributions for b jets are compared with results for inclusive jets, as well as with the predictions from the pythia and herwig++ event generators.Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions root s =13 TeV

A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lljj final state with l including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses m(ll) > 50 GeV, m(jj) > 120 GeV, and transverse momenta P-Tj > 25 GeV is sigma(EW) (lljj) = 534 +/- 20 (stat) fb (syst) fb, in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -2.6 <cwww/Lambda(2) <2.6 TeV-2 and -8.4 <cw/Lambda(2) <10.1 TeV-2. The additional jet activity of events in a signal-enriched region is also studied, and the measurements are in agreement with predictions.Peer reviewe