COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RELATIVE EFFICACY OF KUMKUMADI CREAMS (WITH VARIOUS WATER AND OIL PHASE) FOR THEIR VYANGAHAR EFFECT

The importance of beauty and personality is increasing now a day as it is a competitive era. Along with increased demand of beautification, the problems are also increasing which cause damage to beauty or personality due to changed life style and polluted atmosphere. Among the personality damaging disorder or dis-beautifying conditions, Vyanga is such a condition which affects the beauty as well as personality. Many people are suffering from Vyanga today, among them women are commonly found due to changes occurring during pregnancy and use of cosmetics supplements. Vyanga is a KshudraRoga (skin disorder) affecting the skin for which many internal medicine and external applications are suggested in texts. Local application is more useful in skin disorders as it directly act on lesion. In the context of Vyanga, Kumkumadi Taila has been strongly suggested as it directly acts on the site of lesion and all its contents possess coloring and depigmentation properties.Kumkumadi cream with different bases was given to total 38 patients registered divided in three groups for duration of one month. All the three creams were found significantly effective (p<0.01) on moisture content of skin, size of lesion, color of lesion, itching and burning sensation of lesion. Among three, Kumkumadi cream no.2 was found most effective with relief of 67.94% in treating disease Vyanga

PHARMACEUTICAL STUDY OF HEMGARBHA POTTALI RASA

The Pottali rasayana is a unique preparation in Ayurveda as it is very compact in structure and quick acting due to its high potency. Hemgarbha pottali rasa is a medicine which is known as emergency medicine of Ras shastra because of its efficacy and its quick effect in condition like Sannipataj awastha. It is prepared with the combination of Shudha parada, Shudha gandhaka, Shudha tamra bhasma and Shudha swarna. Preparation method of this Hemgarbh pottali ras is unique in the way that it is prepared in molten sulphur which increases its efficacy many folds. Inspite of availability of vast theoretical description in Ayurvedic texts regarding Pottali rasayana, very less research work is carried out on Hemgarbh pottali rasa, so it is mostly out of practice in Ayurvedic community. Hemgarbh pottali rasa is a very potent medicine which should be made popular by Ayurvedic practitioners. In the present article various methods of preparation of Hemgarbh pottali rasa has been described and most common method of preparation which is molten sulphur method is discussed in detail

Dynamic Adsorptive Removal of Toxic Chemicals for Purification of Water

To determine the efficiency of carbon column for the removal of toxic chemicals from water, the adsorption of phenol in concentration range from 0.600 glt to 1.475 gll was studied on activecarbon of 80 CTC grade, 12 X 30 BSS particle size, 1280 m2/g surface area, and of coconut shell origin, under dynamic conditions at space velocity from 0.318 min-' to 4.24 min-' at 25 'C. The carbon column of 100 cm length and 2 cm diameter was found to be removing phenol from the aqueous solution of concentration 1.475 gll up to 84 min at 0.678 min-' space velocity at 5.0 ppm phenol breakthrough concentration. However, no phenol was observed in carbon-treated water after 80 min. The service life of carbon column (100 cm lengthX25 cm diameter) was assessed through the water purification system developed at the Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur and was determined to be 4.095 days with twoas factor of safety for 10 ppm initial concentration of phenol at 0.678 min-' space velocity (corresponding to water flow rate). Effects of carbon bed length, water flow rate, and the phenol concentration were also studied

Potentiality of Kolar Dam Water for Drinking Purposes

Kolar Dam, a major masonry dam, is located about 35 km away from Bhopal, near Lawakhari village in Sehore District. Constructed across the Kolar River, a tributary of Narmada on the right bank, the dam is about 45 m high. The maximum storage capacity is 270 Mcm. Kolar reservoir is the important sources of potable water supply for the Bhopal city. To assess its suitability for drinking purpose, the physico chemical and microbiological characteristics were studied on monthly basis.  In general almost all the parameters are within the range except coliform bacteria. Coliform bacteria were found beyond the norm prescribed for drinking water by various agencies. The analysis indicates that the water of Kolar reservoir is moderately soft with moderate alkalinity, transparent, low BOD, COD level as apparent by the study. The overall water quality of Kolar reservoir is not much affected by anthropogenic sources as it is surrounded by thick forest and less human activities are evident in this area. Therefore its water can only be used for drinking purposes but only after conventional treatment and disinfection. Keywords: Kolar Dam, Water quality, Physico chemical parameter, Drinking water

Discovery of 24 radio-bright quasars at 4.9 <= z <= 6.6 using low-frequency radio observations

Galaxie

Tracking development assistance for health and for COVID-19 : a review of development assistance, government, out-of-pocket, and other private spending on health for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2050

Background The rapid spread of COVID-19 renewed the focus on how health systems across the globe are financed, especially during public health emergencies. Development assistance is an important source of health financing in many low-income countries, yet little is known about how much of this funding was disbursed for COVID-19. We aimed to put development assistance for health for COVID-19 in the context of broader trends in global health financing, and to estimate total health spending from 1995 to 2050 and development assistance for COVID-19 in 2020. Methods We estimated domestic health spending and development assistance for health to generate total health-sector spending estimates for 204 countries and territories. We leveraged data from the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database to produce estimates of domestic health spending. To generate estimates for development assistance for health, we relied on project-level disbursement data from the major international development agencies' online databases and annual financial statements and reports for information on income sources. To adjust our estimates for 2020 to include disbursements related to COVID-19, we extracted project data on commitments and disbursements from a broader set of databases (because not all of the data sources used to estimate the historical series extend to 2020), including the UN Office of Humanitarian Assistance Financial Tracking Service and the International Aid Transparency Initiative. We reported all the historic and future spending estimates in inflation-adjusted 2020 US$, 2020 US$ per capita, purchasing-power parity-adjusted US$per capita, and as a proportion of gross domestic product. We used various models to generate future health spending to 2050. Findings In 2019, health spending globally reached$8. 8 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8.7-8.8) or $1132 (1119-1143) per person. Spending on health varied within and across income groups and geographical regions. Of this total,$40.4 billion (0.5%, 95% UI 0.5-0.5) was development assistance for health provided to low-income and middle-income countries, which made up 24.6% (UI 24.0-25.1) of total spending in low-income countries. We estimate that $54.8 billion in development assistance for health was disbursed in 2020. Of this,$13.7 billion was targeted toward the COVID-19 health response. $12.3 billion was newly committed and$1.4 billion was repurposed from existing health projects. $3.1 billion (22.4$2.4 billion (17.9%) was for supply chain and logistics. Only $714.4 million (7.7$1519 (1448-1591) per person in 2050, although spending across countries is expected to remain varied. Interpretation Global health spending is expected to continue to grow, but remain unequally distributed between countries. We estimate that development organisations substantially increased the amount of development assistance for health provided in 2020. Continued efforts are needed to raise sufficient resources to mitigate the pandemic for the most vulnerable, and to help curtail the pandemic for all. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018

Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations.Peer reviewe

Discovery of widespread transcription initiation at microsatellites predictable by sequence-based deep neural network

Using the Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) technology, the FANTOM5 consortium provided one of the most comprehensive maps of transcription start sites (TSSs) in several species. Strikingly, ~72% of them could not be assigned to a specific gene and initiate at unconventional regions, outside promoters or enhancers. Here, we probe these unassigned TSSs and show that, in all species studied, a significant fraction of CAGE peaks initiate at microsatellites, also called short tandem repeats (STRs). To confirm this transcription, we develop Cap Trap RNA-seq, a technology which combines cap trapping and long read MinION sequencing. We train sequence-based deep learning models able to predict CAGE signal at STRs with high accuracy. These models unveil the importance of STR surrounding sequences not only to distinguish STR classes, but also to predict the level of transcription initiation. Importantly, genetic variants linked to human diseases are preferentially found at STRs with high transcription initiation level, supporting the biological and clinical relevance of transcription initiation at STRs. Together, our results extend the repertoire of non-coding transcription associated with DNA tandem repeats and complexify STR polymorphism