622 research outputs found
Economic Losses and Strict Products Liability: A Record of Judicial Confusion between Contract and Tort
Introducing the Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and Technology
The rapid technological development of the past few decades has allowed for an unprecedented
wealth of data about ourselves and our planet. The cost reduction of space platforms, the
microelectronic revolution and the nearly exponential increase in computer power have been
generating novel opportunities to explore and understand the world around us. Tools and
theoretical approaches, capable of putting together all the insights we may possibly gain from
all these new streams of data in a multidisciplinary framework, are still being developed. We
are hence faced with both a unique challenge and an opportunity to make a significant progress
in many scientific fields, first and foremost in the atmospheric and climate sciences.
We are pleased to announce here the launch of the Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and
Technology (BAST), a new peer-reviewed journal which is meant to bridge this gap in the broad
area of the atmospheric sciences. The journal encourages a cross-disciplinary approach with an
emphasis on new sensor technologies and systems, combined observational and modeling
techniques, innovative numerical methods, data analysis, and retrieval techniques. BAST offers
a platform to share new ideas and fresh developments to stimulate research activities focusing on
urban, coastal, marine, rural, and mountain environments. Particular attention will be given to
cross-disciplinary studies, especially those involving citizens for the collection of crowd-sourced
data and those devoted to the characterization of uncertainties and homogenization of methods.
BAST aims at connecting weather and climate communities using both observational and
modeling approaches, creating a forum hosting discussion and brainstorming activities. The
journal also hopes to attract contributions reporting approaches or techniques from other
scientific fields that can be applicable to atmospheric sciences, as well as contributions where
technological developments are discussed alongside with their scientific and societal impacts.
In this sense BAST will provide a new platform to support the technological revolution towards
a climate-smart society through the collection and exploitation of big data. The journal will
give visibility to international experiments and projects in atmospheric science and technology,
illustrating preliminary or consolidated results from these initiatives. Additional fields of
interest are : environmental protection; observation, understanding, and modeling of hazardous
and extreme events and mitigation of their impacts; development of new sensing tools
integrating satellite information with surface or airborne measurements; operation of unmanned
and remotely piloted air vehicles equipped with sensors of small size and weight,
especially remote sensors, pushing electro-optical-mechanical components towards a continuously
increasing miniaturization.
Research articles, Review articles, Technical reports, Brief reports, Letters and News are
welcome. While keeping the focus of the journal on scientific research, the âBulletinâ format
provides appropriate visibility to contributions from the operational side, i.e., meteorological
services and private companies developing sensors and products of interest to the atmospheric
science and technology community. Below we provide a more detailed description of the topics
that will be emphasized and fostered in BAST
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Labeling of Bone Marrow Stromal (Mesenchymal) Cells Does Not Affect Their âStemnessâ
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are increasingly used to label human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also called âmesenchymal stem cellsâ) to monitor their fate by in vivo MRI, and by histology after Prussian blue (PB) staining. SPION-labeling appears to be safe as assessed by in vitro differentiation of BMSCs, however, we chose to resolve the question of the effect of labeling on maintaining the âstemnessâ of cells within the BMSC population in vivo. Assays performed include colony forming efficiency, CD146 expression, gene expression profiling, and the âgold standardâ of evaluating bone and myelosupportive stroma formation in vivo in immuncompromised recipients. SPION-labeling did not alter these assays. Comparable abundant bone with adjoining host hematopoietic cells were seen in cohorts of mice that were implanted with SPION-labeled or unlabeled BMSCs. PB+ adipocytes were noted, demonstrating their donor origin, as well as PB+ pericytes, indicative of self-renewal of the stem cell in the BMSC population. This study confirms that SPION labeling does not alter the differentiation potential of the subset of stem cells within BMSCs
Differential branching fraction and angular analysis of the decay B0âKâ0ÎŒ+ÎŒâ
The angular distribution and differential branching fraction of the decay B 0â K â0 ÎŒ + ÎŒ â are studied using a data sample, collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at sâ=7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fbâ1. Several angular observables are measured in bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared, q 2. A first measurement of the zero-crossing point of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system is also presented. The zero-crossing point is measured to be q20=4.9±0.9GeV2/c4 , where the uncertainty is the sum of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions
Opposite-side flavour tagging of B mesons at the LHCb experiment
The calibration and performance of the oppositeside
flavour tagging algorithms used for the measurements
of time-dependent asymmetries at the LHCb experiment
are described. The algorithms have been developed using
simulated events and optimized and calibrated with
B
+ âJ/ÏK
+, B0 âJ/ÏK
â0 and B0 âD
ââ
Ό
+
ΜΌ decay
modes with 0.37 fbâ1 of data collected in pp collisions
at
â
s = 7 TeV during the 2011 physics run. The oppositeside
tagging power is determined in the B
+ â J/ÏK
+
channel to be (2.10 ± 0.08 ± 0.24) %, where the first uncertainty
is statistical and the second is systematic
Search for CP violation in D+âÏÏ+ and D+sâK0SÏ+ decays
A search for CP violation in D + â ÏÏ + decays is performed using data collected in 2011 by the LHCb experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fbâ1 at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV. The CP -violating asymmetry is measured to be (â0.04 ± 0.14 ± 0.14)% for candidates with K â K + mass within 20 MeV/c 2 of the Ï meson mass. A search for a CP -violating asymmetry that varies across the Ï mass region of the D + â K â K + Ï + Dalitz plot is also performed, and no evidence for CP violation is found. In addition, the CP asymmetry in the D+sâK0SÏ+ decay is measured to be (0.61 ± 0.83 ± 0.14)%
Measurement of the branching fraction
The branching fraction is measured in a data sample
corresponding to 0.41 of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb
detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions
affecting the sin2 measurement from The
time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be . This is the most precise measurement to
date
Model-independent search for CP violation in D0âKâK+ÏâÏ+ and D0âÏâÏ+Ï+Ïâ decays
A search for CP violation in the phase-space structures of D0 and View the MathML source decays to the final states KâK+ÏâÏ+ and ÏâÏ+Ï+Ïâ is presented. The search is carried out with a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fbâ1 collected in 2011 by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. For the KâK+ÏâÏ+ final state, the four-body phase space is divided into 32 bins, each bin with approximately 1800 decays. The p-value under the hypothesis of no CP violation is 9.1%, and in no bin is a CP asymmetry greater than 6.5% observed. The phase space of the ÏâÏ+Ï+Ïâ final state is partitioned into 128 bins, each bin with approximately 2500 decays. The p-value under the hypothesis of no CP violation is 41%, and in no bin is a CP asymmetry greater than 5.5% observed. All results are consistent with the hypothesis of no CP violation at the current sensitivity
Measurement of the CP-violating phase \phi s in Bs->J/\psi\pi+\pi- decays
Measurement of the mixing-induced CP-violating phase phi_s in Bs decays is of
prime importance in probing new physics. Here 7421 +/- 105 signal events from
the dominantly CP-odd final state J/\psi pi+ pi- are selected in 1/fb of pp
collision data collected at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the LHCb detector. A
time-dependent fit to the data yields a value of
phi_s=-0.019^{+0.173+0.004}_{-0.174-0.003} rad, consistent with the Standard
Model expectation. No evidence of direct CP violation is found.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; minor revisions on May 23, 201
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