Phosphorus placement for annual crops in the tropics.

This article discusses principles for optimizing the placement of P in soils of the tropics?looking towards better agronomic, economic, environmental, and social outcomes. General guidelines are offered for short and long-term sustainability

Produção de tomateiro orgânico irrigado por aspersão e gotejamento, em cultivo solteiro e consorciado com coentro.

O uso eficiente da água e a diversificação ambiental são fundamentais para o equilíbrio e a sustentabilidade dos sistemas orgânicos de produção de tomate. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a produção de tomate de mesa em cultivo solteiro e consorciado com coentro com irrigação por aspersão e gotejamento, em sistema orgânico. O experimento foi conduzido em área de produção orgânica no Distrito Federal. O delineamento foi blocos ao acaso, com tratamentos dispostos num arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 (dois sistemas de irrigação x dois sistemas de cultivo). Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores avaliados, assim como não houve efeito do sistema de cultivo sobre as variáveis avaliadas. Embora o ciclo do tomateiro irrigado por gotejamento tenha diminuído, a produtividade de frutos não foi afetada pelos sistemas de irrigação. A maior redução de estande verificada na aspersão foi compensada por um aumento no número de frutos por planta, sem variação na massa por fruto. O menor volume de solo explorado pelas raízes do tomateiro associado à maior incidência de traça-o-tomateiro (Tuta absoluta) e principalmente de oídio (Leveillula taurica) pode ter limitado a produtividade do tomateiro irrigado por gotejamento. A taxa de frutos podres na aspersão foi o dobro da verificada no sistema por gotejamento

Agronomic characteristics of garlic cultivars in Diamantina, Brazil

Um estudo foi realizado, durante o per?odo da safra 2007, com objetivo de avaliar as caracter?sticas agron?micas per?odo de emerg?ncia das pl?ntulas, altura de plantas, di?metro de bulbos frescos e curados, n?meros de bulbilhos por bulbo e produtividade comercial de quatorze cultivares de alho em Diamantina-MG. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repeti??es, cujos tratamentos foram as cultivares de alho Gigante do N?cleo, Gigante de Lav?nia, Gigante Roxo, Gigante Rox?o, Chin?s Real, Chin?s S?o Joaquim, Cateto Roxo, Cateto Roxo (livre de v?rus), Hozan, Amarante, Peruano, Caturra, Gravat? e Amarante Gouveia. As cultivares Hozan, Gigante de Lav?nia, Chin?s Real e Peruano apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento vegetativo inicial, com maiores valores em altura de plantas, at? os 60 dias. Com rela??o ao n?mero de bulbilhos/bulbo destacaram-se as cultivares Gratav? (16,5), Cateto Roxo PfLv (15,75), Cateto Roxo (15,25) e Chin?s Real (15,25), diferindo das demais. A 'Gigante de Lav?nia' destacou-se com a maior produtividade comercial (12,61 t ha-1), seguida pelas cultivares Gravat? (10,87 t ha-1), Chin?s Real (10,65 t ha-1), Cateto Roxo Pf Lv (10,63 t ha-1) e Caturra (9,68 t ha-1). A Amarante Gouveia, a cultivada na regi?o, apresentou produtividade de 7,50 t ha-1, valor inferior ? m?dia nacional (8,47 t ha-1).Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)A study was carried out in Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, during the 2007 season, to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of garlic cultivars. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications. Treatments were garlic cultivars 'Gigante do N?cleo', 'Gigante de Lav?nia', 'Gigante Roxo', 'Gigante Rox?o', 'Chin?s Real', 'Chin?s S?o Joaquim', 'Cateto Roxo', 'Cateto Roxo PfLv' (free of virus), 'Hozan', 'Amarante', 'Peruano', 'Caturra', 'Gravat?' and 'Amarante Gouveia'. 'Hozan', 'Gigante de Lav?nia', 'Chin?s Real' and 'Peruano' presented the best vegetative growth in the initial stage, with higher plant height values up to 60 days. Regarding the number of cloves/bulb, the cultivars 'Gravat?' (16.5), 'Cateto Roxo PfLv' (15.75), 'Cateto Roxo' (15.25) and 'Chin?s Real' (15.25) presented higher values than the other evaluated cultivars. 'Gigante de Lav?nia' presented the highest marketable yield (12.61 t ha-1), followed by the cultivars 'Gravat?' (10.87 t ha-1), 'Chin?s Real' (10.65 t ha-1), 'Cateto Roxo Pf Lv' (10.63 t ha-1) and 'Caturra' (9.68 t ha-1). The cultivar 'Amarante Gouveia', presented a yield of 7.50 t ha-1, which was inferior to the national average yield (8.47 t ha-1)

Budget impact analysis of medicines : updated systematic review and implications

This evaluation determines whether published studies to date meet the key characteristics identified for budget impact analyses (BIA) for medicines, accomplished through a systematic review and assessment against identified key characteristics. Studies from 2001 to 2015 on "budget impact analysis" with "drug" interventions were assessed, selected based on their titles/abstracts and full texts, with their characteristics checked according to key criteria. Out of 1984 studies, 92 were identified. Of these, 95% were published in Europe and the USA. 2012 saw the largest number of publications (16%) with a decline thereafter. 48% met up to 6 or 7 out of the 9 key characteristics. Only 22% stated no conflict of interest. The results indicate low adherence to the key characteristics that should be considered for BIAs and strong conflict of interest. This is an issue since BIAs can be of fundamental importance in managing the entry of new medicines including reimbursement decisions

Standalone vertex finding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer

A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at √s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson

Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at \sqrt{s}=7\TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs(\ttbar) in $pp$ collisions at \sqrt{s}=7 \TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron $e$ or muon $\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton ($ee$, $\mu\mu$ or $e\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb-1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-\ttbar Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be $12.2 \pm 3.9$ events and $2.5 \pm 0.6$ events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM \ttbar production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be \sigmattbar=145 \pm 31 ^{+42}_{-27} pb where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The measurement agrees with perturbative QCD calculations.Comment: 30 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, CERN-PH number and final journal adde

Measurement of the top quark pair cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV using final states with an electron or a muon and a hadronically decaying τ lepton

A measurement of the cross section of top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is reported. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.05 fb -1. Events with an isolated electron or muon and a τ lepton decaying hadronically are used. In addition, a large missing transverse momentum and two or more energetic jets are required. At least one of the jets must be identified as originating from a b quark. The measured cross section, σtt-=186±13(stat.)±20(syst.)±7(lumi.) pb, is in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction