Fermentation brines from Spanish style green table olives processing: treatment alternatives previous to recycling or recovery operations

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ferrer-Polonio, E., Iborra-Clar, A., Mendoza-Roca, J. A. and Pastor-Alcañiz, L. (2016), Fermentation brines from Spanish style green table olives processing: treatment alternatives before recycling or recovery operations. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 91: 131–137, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4550. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.BACKGROUND Fermentation brine from Spanish style green table olives processing (FTOP) is characterized by very high conductivity (around 88 mS cm(-1)), high values of suspended solids (near 1300 mg L-1), chemical oxygen demand (around 17 900 mg L-1) and total phenols (1000 mg L-1). In this work, fermentation brines have been exhaustively characterized and pH adjustment-sedimentation, coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation and adsorption with activated carbon have been evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The pretreatment selection will depend on the final FTOP management. If no polyphenols elimination is required in view of a further recovery, the best pretreatment is pH adjustment to 9 plus sedimentation. The removal efficiencies achieved were 33.1% suspended solids, 82.5% turbidity and only 10.4% of polyphenols. However, if the final FTOP treatment was biological, the best pretreatment is adsorption with powder active carbon, because this pretreatment implies the maximum reduction of phenols in FTOP, which inhibit microorganism activity in the biological process. The maximum total phenols removal efficiency was 96% with 8 g L-1 of BM8 powder activated carbon (21% soluble COD).The authors of this work thank CDTI (Centre for Industrial Technological Development) for financial support through the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. The authors thank Chiemevall and Derypol for support during this work.Ferrer-Polonio, E.; Iborra Clar, A.; Mendoza Roca, JA.; Pastor Alcañiz, L. (2016). Fermentation brines from Spanish style green table olives processing: treatment alternatives previous to recycling or recovery operations. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 91(1):131-137. doi:10.1002/jctb.4550S13113791

Computational design of syntheses leading to compound libraries or isotopically labelled targets

Although computer programs for retrosynthetic planning have shown improved and in some cases quite satisfactory performance in designing routes leading to specific, individual targets, no algorithms capable of planning syntheses of entire target libraries - important in modern drug discovery - have yet been reported. This study describes how network-search routines underlying existing retrosynthetic programs can be adapted and extended to multi-target design operating on one common search graph, benefitting from the use of common intermediates and reducing the overall synthetic cost. Implementation in the Chematica platform illustrates the usefulness of such algorithms in the syntheses of either (i) all members of a user-defined library, or (ii) the most synthetically accessible members of this library. In the latter case, algorithms are also readily adapted to the identification of the most facile syntheses of isotopically labelled targets. These examples are industrially relevant in the context of hitto-lead optimization and syntheses of isotopomers of various bioactive molecules

All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the second joint LIGO-Virgo run

We present results from a search for gravitational-wave bursts in the data collected by the LIGO and Virgo detectors between July 7, 2009 and October 20, 2010: data are analyzed when at least two of the three LIGO-Virgo detectors are in coincident operation, with a total observation time of 207 days. The analysis searches for transients of duration < 1 s over the frequency band 64-5000 Hz, without other assumptions on the signal waveform, polarization, direction or occurrence time. All identified events are consistent with the expected accidental background. We set frequentist upper limits on the rate of gravitational-wave bursts by combining this search with the previous LIGO-Virgo search on the data collected between November 2005 and October 2007. The upper limit on the rate of strong gravitational-wave bursts at the Earth is 1.3 events per year at 90% confidence. We also present upper limits on source rate density per year and Mpc^3 for sample populations of standard-candle sources. As in the previous joint run, typical sensitivities of the search in terms of the root-sum-squared strain amplitude for these waveforms lie in the range 5 10^-22 Hz^-1/2 to 1 10^-20 Hz^-1/2. The combination of the two joint runs entails the most sensitive all-sky search for generic gravitational-wave bursts and synthesizes the results achieved by the initial generation of interferometric detectors.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures: data for plots and archived public version at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=70814&version=19, see also the public announcement at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S6BurstAllSky

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Anti-windup strategy for reset control systems

International audienceThis paper proposes an anti-windup strategy to deal with stability and performance requirements for a class of hybrid systems, such as those including a reset controller and subject to input saturation. The computation of the anti-windup compensator aiming at ensuring both $\mathcal{L}_2$ input-to-state stability and internal stability of the closed-loop system is carried out from the solution of matrix inequalities. Depending on the way chosen to describe reset rules, the conditions for designing the anti-windup compensator are expressed through nonlinear matrix inequalities or linear matrix inequalities. Some optimization criteria in both cases are considered for the synthesis purpose: maximization of the $\mathcal{L}_2$-norm upper bound on the admissible disturbances for which the trajectories are assured to be bounded; minimization of the $\mathcal{L}_2$-gain of the disturbance to the system to-be-controlled output; and the maximization of an estimate of the domain of attraction of the origin