Удаление аммиака из водных растворов с использованием цеолитов

Объектом исследования являются природные и модифицированные цеолиты Чугуевского, Шивыртуйского, Холинского и Сокирницкого месторождений с различным гранулометрическим составом. Цель работы – изучение процесса сорбции, основанного на применении природного и модифицированного цеолита, для удаления аммиака и ионов аммония. В процессе исследования проводились эксперименты на выявление сорбционной способности природных и модифицированных цеолитов к аммиаку и ионам аммония в водных растворах, сравнение эффективности очистки воды данными цеолитами. В результате исследования был выбран цеолит, имеющий наибольший коэффициент извлечения аммиака и ионов аммония из водных растворов и предложена дополнительная стадия очистки воды для аппаратурно-технологической схемы умягчения подземных вод с использованием генератора микропузырьковой обработки и гидроксида аммония. Область применения: цеолитный фильтр может быть использован в установках водоподготовки для местного водоснабжения. Предложенный способ очистки воды является экономически выгодным ввиду маленькой себестоимости сорбента, простоты эксплуатации, регенерации и утилизации использованного материала.Object of research are natural and modified zeolites Chuguev, Chivyrkuyskogo, of Mine and of Sokyrnytsya deposits of different granulometric composition. The aim of this work is the study of the sorption process based on the use of natural and modified zeolite for removing ammonia and ammonium ions. During the study, experiments were conducted to identify the sorption capacity of natural and modified zeolites to ammonia and ammonium ions in aqueous solutions, comparison of effectiveness of water treatment, these zeolites. The study was selected zeolite that has the highest recovery rate of ammonia and ammonium ions from aqueous solutions and proposed an additional stage of purification of water for the equipment-technological scheme of softening of underground waters with the use of a microbubble generator treatment and ammonium hydroxide. Applications: zeolite filter can be used in water treatment plants for local water supply. The proposed method of water treatment is economically advantageous due to the small cost of the sorbent, ease of operation, regeneration and disposal of used material

An extended association screen in multiple sclerosis using 202 microsatellite markers targeting apoptosis-related genes does not reveal new predisposing factors

Apoptosis, the programmed death of cells, plays a distinct role in the etiopathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis (MS), a common disease of the central nervous system with complex genetic background. Yet, it is not clear whether the impact of apoptosis is due to altered apoptotic behaviour caused by variations of apoptosis-related genes. Instead, apoptosis in MS may also represent a secondary response to cellular stress during acute inflammation in the central nervous system. Here, we screened 202 apoptosis-related genes for association by genotyping 202 microsatellite markers in initially 160 MS patients and 160 controls, both divided in 4 sets of pooled DNA samples, respectively. When applying Bonferroni correction, no significant differences in allele frequencies were detected between MS patients and controls. Nevertheless, we chose 7 markers for retyping in individual DNA samples, thereby eliminating 6 markers from the list of candidates. The remaining candidate, the ERBB3 gene microsatellite, was genotyped in additional 245 MS patients and controls. No association of the ERBB3 marker with the disease was detected in these additional cohorts. In consequence, we did not find further evidence for apoptosis-related genes as predisposition factors in MS

Fenites associated with carbonatite complexes : a review

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.Carbonatites and alkaline-silicate rocks are the most important sources of rare earth elements (REE) and niobium (Nb), both of which are metals imperative to technological advancement and associated with high risks of supply interruption. Cooling and crystallizing carbonatitic and alkaline melts expel multiple pulses of alkali-rich aqueous fluids which metasomatize the surrounding country rocks, forming fenites during a process called fenitization. These alkalis and volatiles are original constituents of the magma that are not recorded in the carbonatite rock, and therefore fenites should not be dismissed during the description of a carbonatite system. This paper reviews the existing literature, focusing on 17 worldwide carbonatite complexes whose attributes are used to discuss the main features and processes of fenitization. Although many attempts have been made in the literature to categorize and name fenites, it is recommended that the IUGS metamorphic nomenclature be used to describe predominant mineralogy and textures. Complexing anions greatly enhance the solubility of REE and Nb in these fenitizing fluids, mobilizing them into the surrounding country rock, and precipitating REE- and Nb-enriched micro-mineral assemblages. As such, fenites have significant potential to be used as an exploration tool to find mineralized intrusions in a similar way alteration patterns are used in other ore systems, such as porphyry copper deposits. Strong trends have been identified between the presence of more complex veining textures, mineralogy and brecciation in fenites with intermediate stage Nb-enriched and later stage REE enriched magmas. However, compiling this evidence has also highlighted large gaps in the literature relating to fenitization. These need to be addressed before fenite can be used as a comprehensive and effective exploration tool.This research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 689909