2,831 research outputs found
Characteristic spatial scale of vesicle pair interactions in a plane linear flow
We report the experimental studies on interaction of two vesicles trapped in
a microfluidic analog of four-roll mill, where a plane linear flow is realized.
We found that the dynamics of a single vesicle is significantly altered by the
presence of another vesicle at separation distances up to about 3.2 \div 3.7
times of effective radius of the vesicles. This is supported by direct
measurements of a single vesicle back-reaction on the velocity field. Thus, the
experiment provides the lower bound for the interaction scale of vesicles and
so the corresponding upper bound for the volume fraction \phi=0.08 \div 0.13 of
non-interacting vesicle suspensions.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures, PRE accepted for publicatio
Current Controversies and Challenges in Brugada Syndrome
More than three decades since its initial description in 1993, Brugada syndrome remains engulfed in controversy. This review aims to shed light on the main challenges surrounding the diagnostic pathway and criteria, risk stratification of asymptomatic patients, pharmacological and interventional risk modification strategies as well as our current pathophysiological understanding of the disease
Prevalence and outcomes of lowâgradient severe aortic stenosisâfrom the National Echo Database of Australia
Background:
The prevalence and outcomes of the different subtypes of severe lowâgradient aortic stenosis (AS) in routine clinical cardiology practice have not been well characterized.
Methods and Results:
Data were derived from the National Echocardiography Database of Australia. Of 192 060 adults (aged 62.8±17.8 [mean±SD] years) with native aortic valve profiling between 2000 and 2019, 12 013 (6.3%) had severe AS. Of these, 5601 patients (47%) had highâgradient and 6412 patients (53%) had lowâgradient severe AS. The stroke volume index was documented in 2741 (42.7%) patients with low gradient; 1750 patients (64%) with low flow, low gradient (LFLG); and 991 patients with normal flow, low gradient. Of the patients with LFLG, 1570 (89.7%) had left ventricular ejection fraction recorded; 959 (61%) had paradoxical LFLG (preserved left ventricular ejection fraction), and 611 (39%) had classical LFLG (reduced left ventricular ejection fraction). Allâcause and cardiovascularârelated mortality were assessed in the 8162 patients with classifiable severe AS subtype during a mean±SD followâup of 88±45 months. Actual 1âyear and 5âyear allâcause mortality rates varied across these groups and were 15.8% and 49.2% among patients with highâgradient severe AS, 11.6% and 53.6% in patients with normalâflow, lowâgradient severe AS, 16.9% and 58.8% in patients with paradoxical LFLG severe AS, and 30.5% and 72.9% in patients with classical LFLG severe AS. Compared with patients with highâgradient severe AS, the 5âyear ageâadjusted and sexâadjusted mortality risk hazard ratios were 0.94 (95% CI, 0.85â1.03) in patients with normalâflow, lowâgradient severe AS; 1.01 (95% CI, 0.92â1.12) in patients with paradoxical LFLG severe AS; and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.48â1.84) in patients with classical LFLG severe AS.
Conclusions:
Approximately half of those patients with echocardiographic features of severe AS in routine clinical practice have lowâgradient hemodynamics, which is associated with longâterm mortality comparable with or worse than highâgradient severe AS. The poorest survival was associated with classical LFLG severe AS
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Measurement of Azimuthal Anisotropy of Muons from Charm and Bottom Hadrons in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13ââTeV with the ATLAS Detector.
The elliptic flow of muons from the decay of charm and bottom hadrons is measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13ââTeV using a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 150ââpb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The muons from heavy-flavor decay are separated from light-hadron decay muons using momentum imbalance between the tracking and muon spectrometers. The heavy-flavor decay muons are further separated into those from charm decay and those from bottom decay using the distance-of-closest-approach to the collision vertex. The measurement is performed for muons in the transverse momentum range 4-7 GeV and pseudorapidity range |η|<2.4. A significant nonzero elliptic anisotropy coefficient v_{2} is observed for muons from charm decays, while the v_{2} value for muons from bottom decays is consistent with zero within uncertainties
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Z boson production in Pb+Pb collisions at âSnn = 5.02 TeV measured by the ATLAS experiment
The production yield of Z bosons is measured in the electron and muon decay channels in Pb+Pb collisions at âS = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Data from the 2015 LHC run corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.49 nb are used for the analysis. The Z boson yield, normalised by the total number of minimum-bias events and the mean nuclear thickness function, is measured as a function of dilepton rapidity and event centrality. The measurements in Pb+Pb collisions are compared with similar measurements made in proton-proton collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity for all centrality intervals. The results are compared with theoretical predictions obtained at next-to-leading order using nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions. The normalised Z boson yields in Pb+Pb collisions lie 1-3Ï above the predictions. The nuclear modification factor measured as a function of rapidity agrees with unity and is consistent with a next-to-leading-order QCD calculation including the isospin effect. nn -
Measurement of J/Ï production in association with a W ± boson with pp data at 8 TeV
A measurement of the production of a prompt J/Ï meson in association with a W± boson with W± â ΌΜ and J/Ï â ÎŒ+ÎŒâ is presented for J/Ï transverse momenta in the range 8.5â150 GeV and rapidity |yJ/Ï| < 2.1 using ATLAS data recorded in 2012 at the LHC. The data were taken at a proton-proton centre-of-mass energy of s = 8 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fbâ1. The ratio of the prompt J/Ï plus W± cross-section to the inclusive W± cross-section is presented as a differential measurement as a function of J/Ï transverse momenta and compared with theoretical predictions using different double-parton-scattering cross-sections. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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