L'espoir d'un mieux-être malgré la schizophrénie : témoignages de personnes utilisatrices de services vivant dans la communauté

Cette étude exploratoire de nature qualitative a pour but de comprendre comment se vit l'espoir d'un mieux-être chez des personnes ayant des symptômes apparentés à la schizophrénie. Elle a été réalisée à partir d'entrevues semi-dirigées auprès de huit personnes vivant dans la communauté. L'approche phénoménologique et l'interactionnisme symbolique ont servi de cadre conceptuel. Les transcriptions ont été soumises à une analyse de contenu thématique et les résultats font ressortir des thèmes sources d'espoir reliés aux facteurs environnementaux tels : 1) le soutien social par la famille immédiate et par les personnes intervenantes; 2) le travail; 3) le chez-soi ; 4) les relations amoureuses; 5) la présence d'enfants et de petits-enfants. Les analyses ont mené à la construction d'un modèle conceptualisant le phénomène de l'espoir d'un mieux-être dans cette population et à des suggestions pour une intervention psychosociale intégrant les dimensions de l'espoir d'un mieux-être avec une approche de rétablissement

Reconstruction et rééquilibrage du lien social: une étude exploratoire sur les rôles de l’inclusion sociale, de l’appropriation du pouvoir d’agir et de l’espoir dans le rétablissement

Le paradigme du rétablissement en santé mentale remet la question de l'inclusion sociale, de l'appropriation du pouvoir d'agir et de l'espoir d'un mieux-être au cœur des approches d'intervention et des services. Dans le présent article, nous présentons les résultats du volet qualitatif (n = 15 participants et participantes) d'une recherche exploratoire réalisée à Québec auprès de personnes aux prises avec la schizophrénie ou des psychoses apparentées, vivant dans la communauté et suivies dans le cadre d'un programme de traitement et de réadaptation fondé sur une approche de rétablissement. Nos résultats fournissent un éclairage particulier sur les dynamiques de reconstruction et de rééquilibrage des liens sociaux dans les cheminements de rétablissement de ces personnes. Ils suggèrent ainsi que la relation entre l'inclusion sociale et l'appropriation du pouvoir d'agir est dialectique: l'inclusion sociale est facilitée par, et contribue à, l'appropriation du pouvoir. De plus, cette dialectique se vit aussi dans un changement du regard porté sur soi et sur son devenir, incluant l'espoir d'être « mieux », d'être « plus » et, surtout, d'être avec. The recovery paradigm in mental health places social inclusion, empowerment and hope at the centre of service delivery. In this article we present results from the qualitative part (n = 15 participants) of an exploratory research project carried out in Quebec City with persons suffering from schizophrenia and related psychotic conditions, who live in the community and are served by a recovery-oriented treatment and rehabilitation centre. Our results cast light on the dynamics of reconstruction and rebalancing of social ties in the participants' recovery pathways. The results also suggest that the relationship between social inclusion and empowerment is dialectical: social inclusion is facilitated by, and contributes to, empowerment. Furthermore, this dialectic is also noted in a shift in participants' perception of self and future, including the hope to become “better,” to “go further,” and, above all, to be with

Morphology and dynamics of inflated subaqueous basaltic lava flows

International audienceDuring eruptions onto low slopes, basaltic Pahoehoe lava can form thin lobes that progressively coalesce and inflate to many times their original thickness, due to a steady injection of magma beneath brittle and viscoelastic layers of cooled lava that develop sufficient strength to retain the flow. Inflated lava flows forming tumuli and pressure ridges have been reported in different kinds of environments, such as at contemporary subaerial Hawaiian-type volcanoes in Hawaii, La Réunion and Iceland, in continental environments (states of Oregon, Idaho, Washington), and in the deep sea at Juan de Fuca Ridge, the Galapagos spreading center, and at the East Pacific Rise (this study). These lava have all undergone inflation processes, yet they display highly contrasting morphologies that correlate with their depositional environment, the most striking difference being the presence of water. Lava that have inflated in subaerial environments display inflation structures with morphologies that significantly differ from subaqueous lava emplaced in the deep sea, lakes, and rivers. Their height is 2-3 times smaller and their length being 10-15 times shorter. Based on heat diffusion equation, we demonstrate that more efficient cooling of a lava flow in water leads to the rapid development of thicker (by 25%) cooled layer at the flow surface, which has greater yield strength to counteract its internal hydrostatic pressure than in subaerial environments, thus limiting lava breakouts to form new lobes, hence promoting inflation. Buoyancy also increases the ability of a lava to inflate by 60%. Together, these differences can account for the observed variations in the thickness and extent of subaerial and subaqueous inflated lava flows

Expanding the clinical spectrum of hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis due to <i>FAM111B </i>mutations

BACKGROUND: Hereditary Fibrosing Poikiloderma (HFP) with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis (POIKTMP [MIM 615704]) is a very recently described entity of syndromic inherited poikiloderma. Previously by using whole exome sequencing in five families, we identified the causative gene, FAM111B (NM_198947.3), the function of which is still unknown. Our objective in this study was to better define the specific features of POIKTMP through a larger series of patients. METHODS: Clinical and molecular data of two families and eight independent sporadic cases, including six new cases, were collected. RESULTS: Key features consist of: (i) early-onset poikiloderma, hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis; (ii) multiple contractures, in particular triceps surae muscle contractures; (iii) diffuse progressive muscular weakness; (iv) pulmonary fibrosis in adulthood and (v) other features including exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, liver impairment and growth retardation. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging was informative and showed muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Histological examination of skeletal muscle revealed extensive fibroadipose tissue infiltration. Microscopy of the skin showed a scleroderma-like aspect with fibrosis and alterations of the elastic network. FAM111B gene analysis identified five different missense variants (two recurrent mutations were found respectively in three and four independent families). All the mutations were predicted to localize in the trypsin-like cysteine/serine peptidase domain of the protein. We suggest gain-of-function or dominant-negative mutations resulting in FAM111B enzymatic activity changes. CONCLUSIONS: HFP with tendon contractures, myopathy and pulmonary fibrosis, is a multisystemic disorder due to autosomal dominant FAM111B mutations. Future functional studies will help in understanding the specific pathological process of this fibrosing disorder

Towards the development of ecosystem-based indicators of mangroves functioning state in the context of the EU water framework directive

European Water Framework Directive is enforced in five tropical French Oversea Territories where mangroves are present. Developing bioindication tools to support the ecosystem-based management approach of the Directive is needed. A series of expert workshops was organized and led to the proposal of a strategy and of an applied research program to develop bioindication tools. The proceedings of the workshops are presented as a case study, as this is the first time such an integrative ecosystem-based approach is proposed in mangroves, combining structural and functional aspects, from forest structure to benthic community functioning

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in the diphoton decay channel at root s=13 TeV

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in events where the Higgs boson decays into a pair of photons are reported. Events are selected from a sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV collected by the CMS detector at the LHC from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1). Analysis categories enriched in Higgs boson events produced via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, vector boson associated production, and production associated with top quarks are constructed. The total Higgs boson signal strength, relative to the standard model (SM) prediction, is measured to be 1.12 +/- 0.09. Other properties of the Higgs boson are measured, including SM signal strength modifiers, production cross sections, and its couplings to other particles. These include the most precise measurements of gluon fusion and vector boson fusion Higgs boson production in several different kinematic regions, the first measurement of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair in five regions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, and an upper limit on the rate of Higgs boson production in association with a single top quark. All results are found to be in agreement with the SM expectations.Peer reviewe