The ecology of diatoms inhabiting cryoconite holes in Antisana Glacier, Ecuador

Published for International Glaciological Society, IGS[EN] In the ablation zone of glacier habitats, cryoconite holes are known to harbor diverse microbial communities, including unique diatom floras distinct from those of surrounding aquatic and terrestrial systems. Besides descriptive studies, little is known about the diversity of cryoconite diatoms and their response to environmental stressors, particularly in low-latitude glaciers. This paper documents an extremely diversified diatom community in Antisana Glacier (Ecuador), reporting 278 taxa found in 54 surface holes, although with low individual abundances. Contrary to our expectations, assemblage structure did not respond to water physical or chemical characteristics, nor to cryoconite hole morphology, but to elevation. We demonstrate that elevation is a driver of diatom assemblages. Both alpha diversity (measured as Fisher's index) and species richness (corrected for unequal sample sizes) correlated negatively with elevation, suggesting a replacement toward simplified, poorer communities along this gradient. The taxonomic composition also changed significantly, as revealed by multivariate statistics. In summary, cryoconite holes are sites of high taxonomic diversity composed of taxa that are allochthonous in originSIThe authors are thankful to the ‘Fonag’, EPMAPS” and ‘Ministerio del Ambiente’, Ecuador, for collection permission No. MAE-DNB-CM 2018-0028-0093. The research was funded by Proyecto de Investigación DII-UISEK-P041516_3, (SC) ‘Índice Biótico de Calidad de Agua para el Ecuador’, Universidad Internacional SEK and Convenio Marco de Cooperación entre la Universidad de León, España y La Universidad Internacional SEK, Ecuado

Intervención nutricional en el adulto mayor con sarcopenia e hiperplasia prostática benigna: reporte de caso

Introducción: El proceso de envejecimiento se caracteriza por un alto riesgo de patologías y síndromes geriátricos. Todas estas pueden afectar el estado nutricional de los adultos mayores, asociándose a resultados adversos para la salud. Objetivo: Aplicar el proceso de atención nutricia según la Academia de Nutrición y Dietética en un paciente adulto mayor institucionalizado con sarcopenia e hiperplasia prostática benigna. Métodos: Se presenta el caso de un paciente geriátrico masculino en el que se aplicó el proceso de atención nutricia durante siete semanas. En la evaluación del estado nutricio se consideraron los antecedentes relacionados con la alimentación/nutrición, las mediciones antropométricas, el análisis de los datos bioquímicos, exámenes médicos y procedimientos, los hallazgos físicos centrados en la nutrición y las herramientas de evaluación y monitoreo. Posterior a esto se identificaron los diagnósticos nutricionales para establecer las metas y realizar la intervención nutricional, por último, se realizaron los monitoreos nutricionales. Resultados: En el periodo de la aplicación del proceso de atención nutricia, el paciente logró incrementar su ingesta energética, proteica y de líquido, complementar el plan alimenticio con una fórmula polimérica especializada, asegurar su requerimiento de micronutrientes, tener una terapia suplementaria de vitamina D3 y recibir orientación alimentaria. Conclusiones: Las estrategias nutricias aplicadas permitieron preservar el peso corporal y masa muscular del paciente, así como mejorar su movilidad. Tomando en cuenta la importancia del estado nutricional en la evolución de estos pacientes, se propone aplicar el proceso de atención nutricia para guiar la toma de decisiones y asegurar un tratamiento nutricio óptimo

Intervención nutricional en el adulto mayor con sarcopenia e hiperplasia prostática benigna: reporte de caso

Introduction: The aging process is characterized by a high risk of pathologies and geriatric syndromes. All of these can affect the nutritional status of older adults, being associated with adverse health outcomes. Objective: To apply the nutritional care process according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in an institutionalized elderly patient with sarcopenia and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: The case of a male geriatric patient in whom the nutritional care process was applied for seven weeks is presented. In the evaluation of nutritional status, the history related to food/nutrition, anthropometric measurements, analysis of biochemical data, medical examinations and procedures, physical findings focused on nutrition, and evaluation and monitoring tools were considered. After this, the nutritional diagnoses were identified to establish the goals and carry out the nutritional intervention, finally the nutritional monitoring was carried out. Results: During the period of the application of the nutritional care process, the patient was able to increase his energy, protein and fluid intake, complement the eating plan with a specialized polymeric formula, ensure his micronutrient requirement, have a supplementary vitamin D3 therapy and receive nutritional guidance. Conclusions: The nutritional strategies applied allowed to preserve the body weight and muscle mass of the patient, as well as to improve her mobility. Taking into account the importance of nutritional status in the evolution of these patients, it is proposed to apply the nutritional care process to guide decision-making and ensure optimal nutritional treatment.Introducción: El proceso de envejecimiento se caracteriza por un alto riesgo de patologías y síndromes geriátricos. Todas estas pueden afectar el estado nutricional de los adultos mayores, asociándose a resultados adversos para la salud. Objetivo: Aplicar el proceso de atención nutricia según la Academia de Nutrición y Dietética en un paciente adulto mayor institucionalizado con sarcopenia e hiperplasia prostática benigna. Métodos: Se presenta el caso de un paciente geriátrico masculino en el que se aplicó el proceso de atención nutricia durante siete semanas. En la evaluación del estado nutricio se consideraron los antecedentes relacionados con la alimentación/nutrición, las mediciones antropométricas, el análisis de los datos bioquímicos, exámenes médicos y procedimientos, los hallazgos físicos centrados en la nutrición y las herramientas de evaluación y monitoreo. Posterior a esto se identificaron los diagnósticos nutricionales para establecer las metas y realizar la intervención nutricional, por último, se realizaron los monitoreos nutricionales. Resultados: En el periodo de la aplicación del proceso de atención nutricia, el paciente logró incrementar su ingesta energética, proteica y de líquido, complementar el plan alimenticio con una fórmula polimérica especializada, asegurar su requerimiento de micronutrientes, tener una terapia suplementaria de vitamina D3 y recibir orientación alimentaria. Conclusiones: Las estrategias nutricias aplicadas permitieron preservar el peso corporal y masa muscular del paciente, así como mejorar su movilidad. Tomando en cuenta la importancia del estado nutricional en la evolución de estos pacientes, se propone aplicar el proceso de atención nutricia para guiar la toma de decisiones y asegurar un tratamiento nutricio óptimo

Mitochondrial bioenergetic is impaired in Monocarboxylate transporter 1 deficiency: a new clinical case and review of the literature

Background: Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) deficiency has recently been described as a rare cause of recurrent ketosis, the result of impaired ketone utilization in extrahepatic tissues. To date, only six patients with this condition have been identified, and clinical and biochemical details remain incomplete. Results: The present work reports a patient suffering from severe, recurrent episodes of metabolic acidosis and psychomotor delay, showing a pathogenic loss-of-function variation c.747_750del in homozygosity in SLC16A1 (which codes for MCT1). Persistent ketotic and lactic acidosis was accompanied by an abnormal excretion of organic acids related to redox balance disturbances. Together with an altered bioenergetic profile detected in patient-derived fibroblasts, this suggests possible mitochondrial dysfunction. Brain MRI revealed extensive, diffuse bilateral, symmetric signal alterations for the subcortical white matter and basal ganglia, together with corpus callosum agenesia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the clinical spectrum of MCT1 deficiency not only involves recurrent atacks of ketoacidosis, but may also cause lactic acidosis and neuromotor delay with a distinctive neuroimaging pattern including agenesis of corpus callosum and other brain signal alterationsThis work was funded by grant PI19/01155, B2017/BMD-3721 and the European Regional Development Fund. Open Acces is supported by Fundación Ramón Areces (Grant No. CIVP17A2827

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia en la Ciudad de Bogotá y Municipio de Abrego

El objeto de desarrollo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer los aprendizajes nuevos por las estudiantes sobre herramientas de abordaje implementadas en acción psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, teniendo presente las lecturas, que se encuentran en cada uno de los contenidos de conocimiento del diplomado. Es así como a través del estudio de caso implementado en el diplomado y escogido por las estudiantes se realiza un análisis sobre el caso de Modesto Pacayá, que es tomado por el libro voces, donde por medio de preguntas se dan respuestas, teniendo en cuenta lo aprendido sobre la implementación del enfoque narrativo en comunidades que han sido violentadas. Así mismo dentro del presente se realiza un análisis en el diseño e implementación de preguntas de tipo estratégico, reflexivo y circular, para identificar aspectos todavía latentes por resolver en el que afectan el estado emocional, familiar, cultural y social, para desde este, construir nuevos paradigmas psicosociales que permitan construir nuevas alternativas que promuevan la narración de una nueva historia de vida. Por otra parte, se realiza el análisis también con respecto al caso Pandurí, donde a través de la situación vivida por la comunidad de ese municipio, se realiza una reflexión a manera de preguntas y respuestas que promueven el acompañamiento psicosocial, identificando los emergentes psicosociales, los impactos y las acciones de apoyo, como lo sugiere la guía de actividades de esta última fase del diplomado. Así mismo dentro del contenido del trabajo se podrá observar el informe analítico y reflexivo realizado a través de la experiencia compartida en la elaboración de foto voz, junto con las conclusiones y la presentación del link sobre la creación de la página wix.The purpose of this paper is to make known the new learnings by students on approaches tools implemented in psychosocial action in scenarios of violence, bearing in mind the readings, that are in each of the contents of knowledge of the diploma. Thus, through the case study implemented in the diploma course and chosen by the students, an analysis is carried out on the case of Modesto Pacayá, which is taken by the voices book, where answers are given through questions, taking into account what learned about the implementation of the narrative approach in communities that have been violated. Likewise, within the present, an analysis is carried out in the design and implementation of strategic, reflective and circular questions, in order to identify still-unresolved aspects that affect the emotional, family, cultural and social state, From this, to construct new psychosocial paradigms that allow to construct new alternatives that promote the narration of a new history of life. On the other hand, the analysis is also carried out with regard to the Pandurí case, where, through the situation experienced by the community of that municipality, a reflection is made in the form of questions and answers that promote psychosocial accompaniment, identifying emerging psychosocial impacts and support actions, as suggested by the guide to activities in this last phase of the diploma course. Also within the content of the work you can observe the analytical and reflective report made through the shared experience in the elaboration of photo voice, together with the conclusions and the presentation of the link on the creation of the wix page

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

A clinically compatible drug-screening platform based on organotypic cultures identifies vulnerabilities to prevent and treat brain metastasis

We report a medium‐throughput drug‐screening platform (METPlatform) based on organotypic cultures that allows to evaluate inhibitors against metastases growing in situ. By applying this approach to the unmet clinical need of brain metastasis, we identified several vulnerabilities. Among them, a blood–brain barrier permeable HSP90 inhibitor showed high potency against mouse and human brain metastases at clinically relevant stages of the disease, including a novel model of local relapse after neurosurgery. Furthermore, in situ proteomic analysis applied to metastases treated with the chaperone inhibitor uncovered a novel molecular program in brain metastasis, which includes biomarkers of poor prognosis and actionable mechanisms of resistance. Our work validates METPlatform as a potent resource for metastasis research integrating drug‐screening and unbiased omic approaches that is compatible with human samples. Thus, this clinically relevant strategy is aimed to personalize the management of metastatic disease in the brain and elsewhere

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Assessing associations between the AURKAHMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 functional module and breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers

While interplay between BRCA1 and AURKA-RHAMM-TPX2-TUBG1 regulates mammary epithelial polarization, common genetic variation in HMMR (gene product RHAMM) may be associated with risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Following on these observations, we further assessed the link between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 functional module and risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Forty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8,211 BRCA2 mutation carriers and subsequently analyzed using a retrospective likelihood appr