Mapping the nomological networks of sustainability constructs as foundations for social marketing programmes.

Doctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Sustainability is thought of as one of the most complex challenges of our time; one which social marketers can contribute to achieving. However, sustainability has a complicated language that can be easily misinterpreted and misguide social marketing efforts. Two constructs contributing to sustainability’s multi-faceted language that social marketers could draw inspiration from to develop sustainability programmes are sustainable development and degrowth. Yet how is it possible to develop a social marketing programme addressing sustainability when sustainability’s language is complicated to understand and/or open to misinterpretation and misguidance? Five research objectives were developed to answer this question: 1. Map the basic nomological networks of sustainable degrowth and sustainable development. 2. Compare the basic networks to identify overlapping areas. 3. Identify proposed actions common to both constructs that can be used within a social marketing framework. 4. Make recommendations for social marketers developing programmes for the common actions guided by the theories underpinning social marketing. 5. Analyse existing social marketing processes and if necessary develop an appropriate social marketing process specifically intended for social marketers to tackle the sustainability challenge. The research objectives were ascertained under a qualitative approach using an application of nomological networks to thematically map each construct’s elements. In search of commonalities and differences, analyses and comparison of these elements identified several coinciding actions at surface level. The four theoretical paradigms underpinning social marketing (critical thinking, systems thinking, value and relational thinking) were applied to common actions determining the extent to which actions could reduce misinterpretation and misguidance (the higher the commonality, the greater the chance of reducing misinterpretation and misguidance). Guidelines and recommendations for developing successful programmes around each of the common actions also emerged. Through this process ecovillages, renewable energy, transforming food systems and voluntary simplicity and sustainable consumption (to some extent) were deemed more applicable to sustainability than others thus simplifying sustainability’s language from a social marketer’s perspective. Key contributions include guidelines for social marketers to reduce misinterpretation and misguidance, broadening critical marketing thinking in social marketing, a most-appropriate social marketing planning process and adaptations thereof and the utility of nomological networks as a methodological tool

Forging connections: anthologies, arts collectives, and the politics of inclusion

The changing social and political landscape of twentieth-century Britain catalysed a remarkable rise in collaborative activity by artists and activists of black and Asian heritage. Creative communities began to gather in both local and regional contexts, with the aim of sharing resources and securing an audience. This chapter records some of these many activities, tracing the groups’ genesis, manifest objectives, and key contributions. It argues that anthologising should be understood as a specifically motivated activity. Literary anthologies of poetry and fiction served to showcase the diversity of contemporary writing, while also suggesting its coherence. Drawing on the concept of “strategic essentialism” elucidated by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, I show that the anthology acts to ensure the visibility of a group, bannered as a unified and singly-titled selection of texts, while also insisting on the differences within: the heterogeneous multiplicity of black and Asian British experiences and creative practices

'Vernacular Voices: Black British Poetry'

ABSTRACT Black British poetry is the province of experimenting with voice and recording rhythms beyond the iambic pentameter. Not only in performance poetry and through the spoken word, but also on the page, black British poetry constitutes and preserves a sound archive of distinct linguistic varieties. In Slave Song (1984) and Coolie Odyssey (1988), David Dabydeen employs a form of Guyanese Creole in order to linguistically render and thus commemorate the experience of slaves and indentured labourers, respectively, with the earlier collection providing annotated translations into Standard English. James Berry, Louise Bennett, and Valerie Bloom adapt Jamaican Patois to celebrate Jamaican folk culture and at times to represent and record experiences and linguistic interactions in the postcolonial metropolis. Grace Nichols and John Agard use modified forms of Guyanese Creole, with Nichols frequently constructing gendered voices whilst Agard often celebrates linguistic playfulness. The borders between linguistic varieties are by no means absolute or static, as the emergence and marked growth of ‘London Jamaican’ (Mark Sebba) indicates. Asian British writer Daljit Nagra takes liberties with English for different reasons. Rather than having recourse to established Creole languages, and blending them with Standard English, his heteroglot poems frequently emulate ‘Punglish’, the English of migrants whose first language is Punjabi. Whilst it is the language prestige of London Jamaican that has been significantly enhanced since the 1990s, a fact not only confirmed by linguistic research but also by its transethnic uses both in the streets and on the page, Nagra’s substantial success and the mainstream attention he receives also indicate the clout of vernacular voices in poetry. They have the potential to connect with oral traditions and cultural memories, to record linguistic varieties, and to endow ‘street cred’ to authors and texts. In this chapter, these double-voiced poetic languages are also read as signs of resistance against residual monologic ideologies of Englishness. © Book proposal (02/2016): The Cambridge History of Black and Asian British Writing p. 27 of 4

Jones' instrument technology

Jones' Instrument Technology, Volume 5: Automatic Instruments and Measuring Systems deals with general trends in automatic instruments and measuring systems. Specific examples are provided to illustrate the principles of such devices. A brief review of a considerable number of standards is undertaken, with emphasis on the IEC625 Interface System. Other relevant standards are reviewed, including the interface and backplane bus standards. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a short introduction to the principles of automatic measurements, classification of measuring syste