Liouville and Toda field theories on Riemann surfaces

We study the Liouville theory on a Riemann surface of genus g by means of their associated Drinfeld--Sokolov linear systems. We discuss the cohomological properties of the monodromies of these systems. We identify the space of solutions of the equations of motion which are single--valued and local and explicitly represent them in terms of Krichever--Novikov oscillators. Then we discuss the operator structure of the quantum theory, in particular we determine the quantum exchange algebras and find the quantum conditions for univalence and locality. We show that we can extend the above discussion to $sl_n$ Toda theories.Comment: 41 pages, LaTeX, SISSA-ISAS 27/93/E

The IMF's role in structural adjustment

In the 1980s conditional lending for structural adjustment in developing countries moved the IMF beyond its role of macroeconomic crisis management. Fund-supported adjustment programmes have often been flawed by a lack of distributional analysis and by poor sequencing of reforms, notably premature financial liberalisation. As a result they have caused avoidable hardship. In addition, the attempt to taper out aid as part of the reform programme leads to avoidable reductions in post-stabilisation growth. An important role for the Fund in post-stabilisation environments is to provide credible signals to private investors.

Intertemporal Syndromes: Redistribution from the Future to the Present..

This chapter focuses on a particular type of policy failure, namely the sacrifice of future income for present gain. All societies and their governments face a trade-off between present and future consumption. Choices become sufficiently erroneous to be seen as a 'syndrome' if governments prioritize current spending to such an extent that future consumption is actually lower than current consumption. Africa's intertemporal syndromes fall into two groups, unsustainable booms in public spending, and looting of assets. Bouts of unsustainable public spending were usually, although not invariably triggered by booms in revenues from natural resource rents. These were often amplified by unsustainable debt accumulation. Looting of assets occasionally took the form of dispossession of private assets, but more commonly the target was publicly owned assets. We include within our discussion of looting those episodes in which growth-reducing strategies such as capital flight were induced by an anticipation of looting.

Estimating Vulnerability

Many existing measures of vulnerability lack a theoretical basis. In this paper we propose to measure vulnerability rigorously as the welfare of a household which solves an intertemporal optimisation model under risk.In such models, in essence a stochastic version of the Ramsey model, an important part of chronic poverty may be caused by the ex ante response of households to risks. Our simulation results indicate that whether or not a household is to be classified as vulnerable depends strongly on the time horizon considered. We use the model to assess the accuracy of existing regression-based vulnerability measures. We find that these methods can be vastly improved by including asset measures in the regression.Vulnerability, household models.

TRADE REMEDY LAWS AND NAFTA AGRICULTURAL TRADE

Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade,

Development of vibration design procedures for representative structural types Final technical report, Sep. 1965 - Jul. 1966

Effects of multimode and damping on random fatigue of cantilever beams and bracket