Search for large missing transverse momentum in association with one top-quark in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper describes a search for events with one top-quark and large missing transverse momentum in the final state. Data collected during 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment from 13 TeV proton–proton collisions at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 are used. Two channels are considered, depending on the leptonic or the hadronic decays of the W boson from the top quark. The obtained results are interpreted in the context of simplified models for dark-matter production and for the single production of a vector-like T quark. In the absence of significant deviations from the Standard Model background expectation, 95% confidence-level upper limits on the corresponding production cross-sections are obtained and these limits are translated into constraints on the parameter space of the models considered

Search for large missing transverse momentum in association with one top-quark in proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper describes a search for events with one top-quark and large missing transverse momentum in the final state. Data collected during 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment from 13 TeV proton–proton collisions at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 are used. Two channels are considered, depending on the leptonic or the hadronic decays of the W boson from the top quark. The obtained results are interpreted in the context of simplified models for dark-matter production and for the single production of a vector-like T quark. In the absence of significant deviations from the Standard Model background expectation, 95% confidence-level upper limits on the corresponding production cross-sections are obtained and these limits are translated into constraints on the parameter space of the models considered

South Asians and Anglo Australians with heart disease in Australia

The aim of the present study was to determine cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk tactors and compare presentation and severity of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) among South Asians (SAs) and Anglo Australians (AAs).A retrospective clinical case audit was conducted at a public tertiary hospital. The study population included SA and AA patients hospitalised for IHD. Baseline characteristics, evidence of diabetes and other CVD risk factors were recorded. Angiography data were also included to determine severity, and these were assessed using a modified Gensini score.SAs had lower mean (± s.d.) age of IHD presentation that AAs (52 ± 9 vs 55 ± 9 years, respectively; P = 0.02), as well as a lower average body mass index (BMI; 26 ± 4 vs 29 ± 6 kg/m2, respectively; P = 0.005), but a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (57% vs 31%, respectively; P = 0.00 1). No significant differences were found in coronary angiography parameters. There were no significant differences in the median (interquartile range) Gensini score between SAs and AAs (43.5 (27-75) vs 44 (26.5-68.5), respectively), median vessel score (1 (1-2) vs 2 (1-3), respectively) or multivessel score (37% (33/89) vs 54% (22/41), respectively).The findings show that in those with established IHD, cardiovascular risk factors, such as age at onset and BMI, differ between SAs and AAs and these differences should be considered in the prevention and management of IHD.Sabrina Gupta, Rosalie Aroni, Siobhan Lockwood, Indra Jayasuriya and Helena Teed

Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ketamine: Reevaluation of an old drug

Ketamine, the phencyclidine derivative described in 1965, is an intravenous anesthetic with a variety of applications. The enthusiasm following its initial release subsided due to side effects from the central nervous system. New anesthetics limited the role of ketamine in anesthetic practice. However, its hemodynamically stable profile, along with its beneficial respiratory properties and analgesic potency, rendered the drug invaluable in battlefield medicine, sedation of the uncooperative child, analgesia, and sedation in burn units. Reevaluation, though, of analgesic properties of ketamine resulted in new interest regarding its use in perioperative and chronic pain management. Moreover, recent studies in the effects of the substance on intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow led to revising the recommendation against its use in brain injury. Furthermore, the bronchodilating effects of the substance led to increasing interest for potential use in asthma treatment. In addition, separation of the 2 enantiomers and subsequent separate studies indicated beneficial results of the S(+) one. Thus, new controlled multicentered clinical trials are to be conducted to justify approval for new uses of ketamine and take advantage of its unique range of applications. © 2009 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology

Epigenetic alterations in sporadic basal cell carcinomas

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant human neoplasm characterized by slow growth and virtual absence of metastases. Recently, it has become evident that along with genetic mutations epigenetic alterations play a key role in the pathogenesis of human cancer. We searched for promoter methylation of hMLH1, RASSF1A, DAPK, APC, DCR1 and DCR2 genes and BRAF mutations in BCCs in association with the clinicopathological parameters and the histological subtypes of the tumours. Fifty-two BCCs, 17 FFPE along with 35 fresh tissue samples with matching normal tissues for 26 cases were analyzed by methylation-specific PCR to assess the methylation status of hMLH1, RASSF1A, DAPK, APC, DCR1 and DCR2 genes after sodium bisulfite treatment of the tumour and normal DNA. hMLH1 and DCR1 gene expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry. BRAF mutations were studied by high resolution melting analysis. Methylation was detected at a variable frequency of 44, 33, 32.5, 32 and 14 % of DCR2, APC, DCR1, RASSF1 and DAPK promoters, respectively, whereas methylation of hMLH1 promoter was absent. No BRAF mutations were found. There was no correlation between the frequency of the promoter methylation of the above-mentioned genes and the clinicopathological features or the histological subtypes of the tumours. The relatively high frequency of RASSF1A, DCR1, DCR2 and APC promoter methylation may imply that methylation constitutes an important pathway in the tumourigenesis of BCC that could provide new opportunities in developing epigenetic therapies for BCC patients. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to establish the above-mentioned hypothesis. © 2014 Springer-Verlag

Evaluation of nurses' theoretical knowledge in Basic Life Support: A study in a district Greek hospital

Objective: Nurses are usually the first-responders in cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest. Their competence in Basic Life Support (BLS) is important in improving patient outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nurses' BLS knowledge in a small district hospital. Methods: Data was collected by an anonymous questionnaire, distributed to all nursing personnel in this hospital. Data/results: The failure rate of the BLS theoretical questionnaire was 84%. Regarding self-assessment 10.3% of the participants rated their BLS knowledge as very good, whereas 31.2%, 44.2% and 14.3% of them rated it as good, moderate or not good respectively. This self-assessment did not correlate significantly with the final performance in the written test. No difference regarding the performance in the written test was observed between nurses who had participated in a refresher BLS course after graduation and those who had not. The nurses without any previous personal experience in the BLS had a higher probability to pass the written test. Conclusions: Our results indicate a low level of BLS knowledge among the study participants. Having an occasional refresher BLS course, or prior experience in BLS, does not affect the level of knowledge. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Signet ring basal cell carcinoma - A case study emphasizing the differential diagnosis of neoplasms with signet ring cell formation

Signet ring cells are cells in which the nucleus is crescentically compressed to the cellular border so that the cells look like signet rings. Due to the pluripotential nature of the basal cells of the epidermis, basal cell carcinoma displays many histopathological variants. We herein report the rare case of a middle-aged woman who had a basal cell carcinoma on the skin of the upper lip. The neoplasm was predominantly composed of cells with signet ring configuration. Histochemically, the latter were mucin-negative. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated intracytoplasmic reactivity for cytokeratin MNF116 with strong staining intensity, as well as for smooth muscle actin. The signet ring tumor cells were S100 protein-negative and carcinoembryonic antigen-negative. The lack of ploidy abnormality as well as of molecular alterations in K-ras and p53 genes may explain in part the non-aggressive biological behavior of the present tumor. Because of potential diagnostic difficulties, the pathologist should be aware of this unusual form of basal cell carcinoma. A brief review of the literature on the differential diagnosis of signet ring cell cutaneous tumors is presented

City, town, village: Potential differences in residents soundscape perception using ISO/TS 12913-2:2018

Soundscape studies aim to provide a comprehensive perspective to the acoustic environment, beyond noise, and its impact on quality of life, including the interrelationships between person, activity and place. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of residence location (city, town, village) on the perception of soundscape and specifically on the dimensions of the soundscape circumplex. For this objective, residents (N = 90) from different areas of Greece (city: Athens, town: Chania, village: Dermatianika) participated in listening tests and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied in order to compare the results. The outcome was also compared with results from English participants (city: London, N = 32). In addition, the sound stimuli were clustered according to their content, based on the dominance of sounds embedded in their natural context into ‘technological’, ‘natural’ and ‘human’. Some of the main findings are: biggest differences between the participants were found for the perception of chaotic, vibrant, monotonous and uneventful; village residents perceived technological sounds as more chaotic than the city residents; city residents perceived natural sounds as more monotonous, more uneventful and less vibrant compared to village residents; responses to human sounds had the least differences among residence locations and sound clusters. In addition, results led to the re-evaluation of the conclusions of an earlier cross-cultural study where the location of residence was not taken into consideration. These findings provide an empirical basis for the residence location of subjects in the perception of soundscapes that should be taken into account in soundscape assessment, comparisons and cross-cultural studies, as well as potential interventions