Comparison of Risk Factors for Developing Liver Fibrosis in Subjects With and Without Metabolic Syndrome: A Cohort Study.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS), a combination of diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity, is a well-known risk factor for developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, condition that can lead to serious liver damage such as liver fibrosis (LF), which is characterized by excessive deposition of connective tissue, progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, subjects without MS may also develop LF. Non-invasive LF predictors based upon anthropometric and biochemical data have been reported. Aim: To compare anthropometric, genetic, and biochemical parameters in subjects with or without MS, and at risk for developing liver fibrosis. Methods: A randomized sample of 200 individuals was taken from the 2015 Nuevo León State Health Survey. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 and a previously stored blood sample. According to the parameters obtained, subjects were classified as either with or without MS and their NAFLD fibrosis score was calculated considering variables such as age, BMI, glycemia, albumin, platelets, and AST/ALT ratio, to establish a high or low risk of LF. Comparisons of weight, age, BMI, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, platelets, albumin, AST/ALT ratio, and HDL were made between groups. DNA was extracted from stored blood samples and genotyped, using q-PCR, according to variants in four genes related to: fatty acid (FA) metabolism (PNPLA3, rs738409), adipocyte differentiation (PLIN2, rs35568725), glucose metabolism (GCKR, rs1260326 and rs780094), and BMI (UCP2, rs659366). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v.22. A p value <0.05 was taken as level of significance. Results: A total of 134 subjects were included and divided into four groups (n): With MS+ high risk (35), With MS+ low risk (34), Without MS+ high risk (32), Without MS+ low risk (33). Table 1 shows the main significative findings. Higher age, low platelet count, and increased AST/ALT ratio, were significantly different in high risk subjects, independently of the presence of MS. No association between the polymorphisms and risk for fibrosis was found. In subjects at high risk for LF, statistical significance was found for high cholesterol blood levels (OR= 20.0 (95%CI 2.87;139.38) in carriers of the T allele of GCKR rs780094 polymorphism. Conclusion: Aging, thrombocytopenia, and increased transaminases, the last two indicators of liver disfunction, were found as important risk factors for LF in subjects without metabolic syndrome. None of the genetic variants analyzed resulted associated to risk of LF, although sample size could be a factor. GCKR rs780094 variant was found related with risk for hypercholesterolemia, even though dyslipidemia was not found associated with risk of LF in the present study. &nbsp

Expression profile of microRNAs in the testes of patients with Klinefelter syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome aneuploidy. A distinctive characteristic of KS is oligozoospermia. Despite multiple studies that have described the natural history of the degenerative process of germ cells in patients with KS, the molecular mechanisms that initiate this process are not well characterized. MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated post-transcriptional control mechanisms have been increasingly recognized as important regulators of spermatogenesis; however, only a few studies have evaluated the role of miRNAs in the gonadal failure of these patients. Here, we describe a differential expression profile for the miRNAs in testicular tissue samples taken from KS patients. We analysed testicular tissue samples from 4 KS patients and 5 control patients (obstructive azoospermia) through next-generation sequencing, which can provide information about the mechanisms involved in the degeneration of germ cells. A distinctive differential expression profile was identified for 166 miRNAs in the KS patients: 66 were upregulated, and 100 were downregulated. An interactome analysis was performed for 7 of the upregulated and the 20 downregulated miRNAs. The results showed that the target genes are involved in the development, proliferation, and differentiation processes of spermatogenesis, which may explain their role in the development of infertility. This is the first report of a miRNA expression profile generated from testicular tissue samples of KS patients

Lecturas de política monetaria y financiera

1 archivo PDF (487 páginas)Conjunto de trabajos de investigadores especializados en teoría monetaria y financiera, que presentan un análisis teórico y empírico de los cambios de la economía mexicana, propuestas y críticas tanto de los procesos mismos cómo de las políticas con que enfrentan las autoridades monetarias nacionales el reto que implica la mayor integración del sistema mexicano al internacional. Las investigaciones se agrupan en seis secciones temáticas: Política monetaria y cambiaria; Influencia de los flujos internacionales de capital; La política monetaria y sus relaciones con la inflación; Sector financiero, crisis y política económica; Sector bursátil y Marco Legal

Guia de recursos per al personal de control oficial

Control oficial; Recursos humans; Gestió del coneixementControl oficial; Recursos humanos; Gestión del conocimientoOfficial control; Human resources; Knowledge managementAquesta guia dona resposta tant al personal que s’incorpora de nou a l’Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, com als que ja estan treballant i necessiten un document de consulta on es recullen diferents aspectes com ara l'explicació de conceptes clau relacionats amb la seva tasca i relació de recursos informàtics (intranet..) i altres (programes, guies pràctiques...) que necessita per fer el control oficial; els relacionats amb la formació (formació específica, Comunitat de Pràctica...) i els aspectes relacionats amb recursos humans (jornada i horari, règim retributiu...).Esta guía da respuesta tanto al personal que se incorpora de nuevo a la Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña, como a los que ya están trabajando y necesitan un documento de consulta en el que se recojan diferentes aspectos como la explicación de conceptos clave relacionados con su labor y relación de recursos informáticos (intranet..) y otros (programas, guías prácticas...) que necesita para realizar el control oficial; los relacionados con la formación (formación específica, Comunidad de Práctica...) y los aspectos relacionados con recursos humanos (jornada y horario, régimen retributivo...).This guide responds both to personnel who are joining the Public Health Agency of Catalonia again, and to those who are already working and need a consultation document that includes different aspects such as the explanation of key concepts related to their work and list of computer resources (intranet...) and others (programs, practical guides...) that you need to carry out the official control; those related to training (specific training, Community of Practice...) and aspects related to human resources (day and schedule, remuneration regime...

Miradas contemporáneas de los pueblos originarios en México

Este libro resume una amplia discusión sobre el papel que tienen los grupos originarios en México y la condición de las etnias a lo largo del territorio nacional. Desde hace cientos de años los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes han sido excluidos del desarrollo central de México, y en mayor o menor medida, estos grupos han ocupado un lugar residual en las políticas públicas de los diferentes gobiernos, y sufrido de manera regular la discriminación por parte del resto de la población.CEDIPIEM, UAEMéx, BUAP, Center for Earth Ethic

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Reduction of exposure of cyclists to urban air pollution

This book collects the main outcomes that were generated during the implementation of the LIFE+RESPIRA project (LIFE13 ENV/ES/000417), carried out in the city of Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. The research was conducted by a cross-functional team made up of more than 30 researchers belonging to three entities: The University of Navarra, the Centre for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT) and Environmental Management of Navarra (GAN-NIK)

Medidas para reducir la exposición de los ciclistas a los principales contaminantes atmosféricos urbanos

Recoge los principales resultados generados durante la realización del proyecto LIFE+RESPIRA, llevado a cabo en la ciudad de Pamplona (Navarra, España) por un equipo interdisciplinar constituido por más de 30 investigadores pertenecientes a la Universidad de Navarra, el Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) y Gestión Ambiental de Navarra (GAN-NIK). El libro, que se ha publicado en castellano y en inglés, se ha dividido en 7 capítulos: 1. ¿Ciudades sostenibles? 2. Exposición de los ciudadanos a la contaminación atmosférica 3. Papel de la vegetación urbana en la calidad del aire 4. Modelos de alta resolución para evaluar la calidad del aire 5. Impactos de la contaminación urbana 6. Movilidad y sostenibilidad urbanas 7. Comunicación y educación ambiental. Este libro pretende ser una guía de utilidad para científicos, gestores y ciudadanos, aportando un conjunto de herramientas que permitan mejorar la calidad de vida de nuestras ciudades. Además, quiere rendir un homenaje a todos los voluntarios ciclistas que han participado en dicho proyecto y que son los verdaderos artífices del mismo, ya que gracias a su dedicación incondicional durante más de dos años, han proporcionado una cantidad ingente de datos sobre la calidad del aire de la ciudad de Pamplona

The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar and APOGEE-2 Data

This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar) accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) survey which publicly releases infra-red spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the sub-survey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) sub-survey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated Value Added Catalogs (VACs). This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Local Volume Mapper (LVM) and Black Hole Mapper (BHM) surveys

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG