Antecedentes da lealdade nos transportes públicos no contexto da pandemia do covid-19

Mestrado Bolonha em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialO ano de 2020 foi marcado pelo surgimento do covid-19, doença provocada por um novo tipo de vírus, o SARS-CoV-2. O setor dos transportes públicos e à semelhança de praticamente todos os outros setores, foi bastante afetado, uma vez que estes desempenham e continuarão a desempenhar um papel fundamental no dia a dia de milhares de pessoas, principalmente por serem a sua única opção de deslocação. Dada a sua essência de mobilização, é um setor vulnerável a este tipo de contexto. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo perceber o impacto da 1ª vaga da pandemia do covid-19 nos utilizadores de transportes públicos, através do modelo conceptual proposto. Este foi testado a partir de 186 respostas, obtidas através de um questionário online. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a information attention tem uma influência positiva e significativa na distância psicológica e no estado de ansiedade, mas não tem um efeito direto sobre a segurança percecionada. Por sua vez, a distância psicológica não afeta diretamente a segurança percecionada, mas afeta o estado de ansiedade. No que concerne ao estado de ansiedade, este tem um efeito direto negativo na segurança percecionada. No entanto, a segurança percecionada mostrou afetar de forma positiva e significativa a satisfação e o envolvimento. O efeito da satisfação na lealdade mostrou-se positivo e significativo. Por fim, o envolvimento tem uma influência direta positiva na lealdade.The year 2020 was marked by the emergence of covid-19, a disease caused by a new type of virus, SARS-CoV-2. The public transport sector, like practically all other sectors, was greatly affected, since it plays and will continue to play a key role in the daily lives of thousands of people, mainly because it is their only option for travel. Given its essence of mobilization, it is a sector vulnerable to this type of context. This dissertation aims to understand the impact of the 1st wave of the covid-19 pandemic on public transportation users, through the proposed conceptual model. This was tested from 186 responses, obtained through an online questionnaire. The results obtained allow us to conclude that information attention has a positive and significant influence on psychological distance and anxiety state, but does not have a direct effect on perceived safety. In turn, psychological distance does not directly affect perceived safety, but it does affect the state of anxiety. With regard to the anxiety state, it has a direct negative effect on perceived safety. Perceived safety, however, has been shown to positively and significantly affect satisfaction and involvement. The effect of satisfaction on loyalty was positive and significant. Finally, involvement has a direct positive influence on loyalty.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação da condição estrutural do sistema de drenagem de águas residuais com base em análise de risco e inspeção CCTV

A razão para avaliar a condição dos coletores do sistema de drenagem de águas residuais é a prevenção da falha, a fim de evitar situações de emergência. Um dos desafios destes sistemas está no facto dos mesmos estarem enterrados, sendo a única forma de conhecer e avaliar o seu estado a realização de inspeções com recurso à tecnologia Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV). A metodologia desenvolvida efetua a previsão de deterioração dos ativos ao longo do tempo e tem por base os resultados de inspeção CCTV e as características dos coletores inspecionados. Se existirem dados suficientes para apoiar esta metodologia, as intervenções poderão ser realizadas antes do sistema entrar num nível inaceitável de serviço. O objetivo deste trabalho passa por uma recolha de dados contínua, de forma a poder-se analisar e avaliar essa informação ao longo do tempo, validando assim o mapa de riscos desenvolvido. A metodologia desenvolvida foi aplicada à Infraquinta e os resultados mostram uma forte concordância entre os critérios de risco e a inspeção CCTV realizada.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sheep Gait Biomechanics and the Assessment of Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Systematic Review

Acknowledgments: This research work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and Centro2020 through Project References UID/Multi/04044/2013; PAMI – ROTEIRO/0328/2013 (Nº 022158) and BioMaTE project - A novel bio-manufacturing system to produce bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering reference PTDC/EMS-SIS/7032/2014.In recent years, sheep have been reported as the ideal animal model to study osteoporosis, hence it is important to identify instruments, tools and ideal parameters needed to assess the effects of different treatments. In previous studies conducted in other animal models with osteoporosis, the most common parameters used for evaluation concerned primarily bone properties, such as the dual X-ray absorptiometry. However, biomechanical gait analysis as an integrative functional parameter and a non-invasive method, will be an important tool in research and clinical applications. This research review was performed using the PubMed database and included studies related to sheep with outcome measures concerning functional performance assessed during gait in vivo; and excluded studies related with cardiovascular disease and sperm properties, which include other animal species, with outcomes not related with functional locomotor evaluation. Only studies related with bone properties were analyzed. The most frequent and relevant included parameters were the following: mean peak vertical ground force reaction, gait cycle and stance/swing phase duration, percentage of stance/swing phase in a gait cycle, stride length and the stifle joint angles during a gait cycle. Gait biomechanical parameters have been established for the assessment of some clinical orthopedic condition using sheep models but not currently for osteoporosis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Investigação etiológica da deficiência auditiva em neonatos identificados em um programa de triagem auditiva neonatal universal

Objetivo descrever os resultados da investigação etiológica da deficiência auditiva realizada em neonatos rastreados em um programa de triagem auditiva neonatal universal. Métodos estudo descritivo, transversal e prospectivo. Foram incluídos no estudo todos os neonatos diagnosticados com deficiência auditiva identificados em um programa de triagem auditiva neonatal universal no período de agosto de 2003 a dezembro de 2006. A provável etiologia da deficiência auditiva foi determinada após anamnese detalhada realizada pelo médico otorrinolaringologista; pesquisa das sorologias para toxoplasmose, rubéola, citomegalovírus, herpes, sífilis e HIV; tomografia dos ossos temporais e exames genéticos. Resultados foram diagnosticados 17 sujeitos com deficiência auditiva no período estudado. 64.7% dos casos estudados apresentaram como provável etiologia causas pré-natais, 29.4% causas peri-natais e um sujeito (5,9%) apresentou etiologia desconhecida. Das causas pré-natais, 36.4% tiveram origem genética confirmada e 36.4% etiologia presumida de hereditariedade. Foi confirmada a presença de infecções congênitas em 18.2% dos casos e um sujeito (9%) apresentou anomalia craniofacial como provável etiologia. O grau de perda auditiva mais frequente observado nos sujeitos estudados foi o profundo (47,1%). Conclusão a maior ocorrência de etiologias observada neste estudo foram as de origem pré-natal, seguida das de origem peri-natal

Statement of Second Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Ventilarion : part I

Resumo não disponíve

Sustainable Soil Management Is More Than What and How Crops are Grown

Soil management in agricultural landscapes should deploy production practices that are in harmony with soil-mediated ecosystem functions if they are to deliver a broad range of ecosystem services. Such services include edible and nonedible biological products, clean drinking water, processes that decompose and transform organic matter, and cleansing processes that maintain air quality. Several categories of ecosystem services are recognized: provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment [MEA] 2005). In agricultural landscapes, provisioning ecosystem services can be delivered effectively and efficiently when the linked regulatory and supporting services are allowed to operate normally. Ecosystem functions that protect and enhance regulatory and supporting ecosystem services in the soil and landscape in which crops are grown appear, in general, to offer an effective way of harnessing the best productivity, ecological, and economic performances. Thus, agricultural soil management can only be considered sustainable if field soil health and productive capacity are kept at an optimum to provide ecosystem services such as provision of clean water, hydrologic and nutrient cycling, habitats for microorganisms and mesofauna, carbon sequestration, and climate regulation. Across agricultural and mixed land use landscapes, such ecosystem services form the necessary conditions for society to be able to sustainably harness the biological potentials of the altered agroecosystems and the associated provisioning services of food, vegetation, water, etc. In general, over the past several millennia, agricultural land use globally has led to soil physical, chemical, biological, and hydrological degradation, and this state of affairs continues unabated in most farmlands (MEA 2005; Montgomery 2007; FAO 2011a). This is true on small and large farms, on farms using mechanized or manual farm power, in developing and in industrialized countries, in the tropics, and outside the tropics. The dominant farming systems paradigm globally is based on mechani- cal tillage of various types to control weeds (often along with herbicides), soften the seedbed for crop establishment, and loosen compacted subsoil. At the center of this paradigm, there are farming practices for crop, soil, nutrient, water, and pest management that are considered by most agricultural stakeholders to be “modern, good, and normal.” However, the same farming practices have also forced farmers to accept that, supposedly, any accompanying soil degradation and loss of ecosystem services are inevitable and “natural” consequences of farming—consequences that can be kept under control but not avoided altogether. This view is increasingly being challenged and considered to be outdated, and inherited farming practices are considered unable to deliver the multifunctional objectives of productivity with ecosystem services now being demanded from agricultural land and producers who use it for farming. In the past three decades, ideas and concepts, as well as an ecosystem approach to sustainable production intensification, have led to the emergence of an alternative approach to farming across all continents. The title of this chapter is “Sustainable Soil Management Is More Than What and How Crops Are Grown.” Not only how and what crops are grown matters but also the interactions of the two in space and time lead to effects and consequences that influence system performance and delivery of ecosystem services. Some ecosystem services involve processes such as hydrological, carbon, and nutrient cycling that operate at the level of the fields on farms, landscapes, watersheds, and beyond. In addition, agricultural soil management is undertaken within different farming systems for the purpose of producing biological products for markets, and a range of production inputs, equipment and machinery, and management skills are needed to operate successfully. Thus, the topic of sustainable soil management has a wide and complex scope as reflected in the list of 10 tenets proposed by Lal (2009). This chapter is about soil degradation in agricultural land, its root causes, and what solutions are being implemented in different parts of the world to integrate sustainable soil management into sustainable farming and landscape management. Section 14.2 describes what is meant by agricultural soil degradation and its extent. Section 14.3 provides an explanation of some of the major causes of soil degradation in agricultural land use and illustrates three cases of widespread soil degradation in contrasting environments. This is followed, in Section 14.4, by a discussion on the elements of sustainable soil management. Section 14.5 provides an elaboration of sustainable soil management based on the agroecological paradigm that is increasingly being promoted internation- ally, including how sustainable soil management has been able to restore degraded soils in different agricultural environments. Section 14.6 illustrates the kind of contributions crop management, intercropping, crop–livestock integration, and farm power that can make to sustainable soil management objective. Section 14.7 presents three examples of large-scale landscape level ecosystem service benefits that are being harnessed from sustainable soil management systems. This is followed by Section 14.8 on policy and institutional implications for sustainable soil management. Section 14.9 offers some concluding remarks regarding the current trend toward sustainable soil management and what policy makers can do to support the trend

Distribuição do carbono orgânico em Latossolo sob manejoda adubação fosfatada em plantio direto no Cerrado

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição vertical e horizontal do carbono orgânico do solo (CO) sob cinco manejos da adubação fosfatada, no sistema plantio direto. O experimento foi instalado sob Latossolo Vermelho, cultivado durante oito anos com soja ou milho, com milheto como planta de cobertura na entressafra. As parcelas foram submetidas aos tratamentos: aplicação de superfosfato triplo a lanço e no sulco, fosfato natural reativo a lanço e no sulco, e ausência de adição de fertilizante fosfatado (testemunha). A adição anual dos adubos fosfatados, na dose de 80 kg ha-1 de P2O5, foi realizada em solo inicialmente com baixo teor de fósforo disponível. Amostras foram coletadas perpendicularmente à linha de plantio, em sete pontos distanciados a 12,5 cm, e cinco camadas: 0-2,5, 2,5-5,0, 5,0-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm. O conteúdo e a distribuição do CO são afetados pela adubação fosfatada, tanto vertical quanto horizontalmente, com os maiores conteúdos observados nos tratamentos com adubos fosfatados. Em comparação com a testemunha, o superfosfato triplo apresentou maior conteúdo de CO até a camada de 5,0-10 cm, e o fosfato natural reativo até 10-20 cm. A aplicação de fósforo em sulcos proporciona maior volume de solo com teores adequados de CO, em comparação à aplicação a lanço