Kahramanmaraş’ta Organik Kırmızıbiber Üretiminde Ekim Nöbetinde Kullanılabilecek Ürünlerin Araştırılması

Bu çalışma 2004–2008 yılları arasında Kahramanmaraş koşullarında organik kırmızıbiber üretiminde kullanılabilecek uygun ekim nöbetini belirlemek amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada organik yetiştiricilik prensipleri dikkate alınarak üretim yapılan (1) Biber, (2) Biber-Pamuk (3) Biber-Fasulye-Pamuk, (4) Biber-Mısır-Hıyar-Fasulye ekim nöbeti döngüleri 5 yıl süre ile uygulanmış ve verim ve verim unsurları bakımından konvansiyonel kırmızıbiber üretimi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylelikle konvansiyonel uygulama ile birlikte deneme 5 uygulamadan oluşmuştur. Basit maliyet analizi ve fayda/masraf oranı hesaplanarak uygulamalar ekonomik yönden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yıllara göre fayda/masraf oranı değişmiş en yüksek fayda masraf oranları Kırmızıbiber-Fasulye-Pamuk ekim nöbetlerinden elde edilmiştir. Bu ekim nöbeti yaş ve kuru kırmızıbiber verim değerleri bakımından konvansiyonel uygulamaya oldukça yaklaşmıştır. Bölgede organik kırmızı biber üretimi bakımından sorun olabilecek yabancı otlar topalak (Cyperus rotundus L.), Kaynaş (Sorghum halepense L) semizotu (Portulaca oleracea L.) ve Domuz pıtrağı (Xanthium strumarium L.) dır

Determination of investment criteria in local governments: An analysis with fuzzy DEMATEL method

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yerel yönetimlerin yaptıkları yatırımlara etki edenfaktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu çerçevede, literatür taraması neticesinde bahsi geçen yerel yönetimlerin yatırım kararlarını etkileyeceği düşünülen 6 farklı kriter (nüfus artışı, bölgesel kişi başı GSYİH, lokasyon, jeolojik etki, politik risk ve finansal risk) dikkate alınmıştır. Öte yandan, belirtilen bu amaca ulaşabilmek için bulanık DEMATEL yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, nüfus artışı ve bölgesel kişi başı GSYİH rakamının yerel yönetimlerin yatırım seçimlerini etkileyen en önemli kriterler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara ek olarak, jeolojik etki en çok etkileyen kriter, nüfus artışı ise en çok etkilenen kriter olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar dikkate alındığında, yerel yönetimlerin ağırlıklı olarak nüfusu yoğun olan ve bölgesel anlamda daha da kalkınmış olan kesimlere yatırım yaptıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Söz konusu bilgilerden yola çıkılarak yerel yönetimlerin nüfusu az olan ve ekonomik anlamda kalkınmamış bölgeleri de göz ardı etmemeleri gerektiğini söyleyebilmek mümkündür. Bu sayede, ülkenin ekonomik olarak gelişmesine katkı sağlanabilecektir.The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the investments of local governments. In this context, 6 different criteria (population growth, GDP per capita, location, geological impact, political risk and financial risk) which canaffect theinvestment decisions of the local administrations mentioned are taken into consideration. On the other hand, the fuzzy DEMATEL method isused to achieve this goal. As a result, population growth and the per capita GDP amountare the most important criteria affecting local government investment choices. In addition to these results, geological impact is the most influential and population growth is the most affected criterion. Considering these results, it is understood that local governments have invested heavily in populations that are densely populated and are more developed in the regional sense. Based on the information in question, it is possible to say that local governments should not ignore the regions with low population and economic development. In this way, economic development of the country can be contributed

Characteristics of specialists treating hypothyroid patients:the “THESIS” collaborative

Introduction: Thyroid specialists influence how hypothyroid patients are treated, including patients managed in primary care. Given that physician characteristics influence patient care, this study aimed to explore thyroid specialist profiles and associations with geo-economic factors. Methods: Thyroid specialists from 28 countries were invited to respond to a questionnaire, Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Europe by Specialists: an International Survey (THESIS). Geographic regions were defined according to the United Nations Statistics Division. The national economic status was estimated using World Bank data on the gross national income per capita (GNI per capita). Results: 5,695 valid responses were received (response rate 33·0%). The mean age was 49 years, and 65·0% were female. The proportion of female respondents was lowest in Northern (45·6%) and highest in Eastern Europe (77·2%) (p &lt;0·001). Respondent work volume, university affiliation and private practice differed significantly between countries (p&lt;0·001). Age and GNI per capita were correlated inversely with the proportion of female respondents (p&lt;0·01). GNI per capita was inversely related to the proportion of respondents working exclusively in private practice (p&lt;0·011) and the proportion of respondents who treated &gt;100 patients annually (p&lt;0·01). Discussion: THESIS has demonstrated differences in characteristics of thyroid specialists at national and regional levels, strongly associated with GNI per capita. Hypothyroid patients in middle-income countries are more likely to encounter female thyroid specialists working in private practice, with a high workload, compared to high-income countries. Whether these differences influence the quality of care and patient satisfaction is unknown, but merits further study.</p

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe