20 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
ICL Technical Journal 4(4): CAFS-ISP
The special issue of the ICL Technical Journal on CAFS-ISP. This closely followed the award to ICL of the Queen's Award for Technology in April, 1985. The contents include the history of the hardware and software, its status and future, perspectives from leading developers and users, and a list of related patents
Tracking the Temporal-Evolution of Supernova Bubbles in Numerical Simulations
The study of low-dimensional, noisy manifolds embedded in a higher dimensional space has been extremely useful in many applications, from the chemical analysis of multi-phase flows to simulations of galactic mergers. Building a probabilistic model of the manifolds has helped in describing their essential properties and how they vary in space. However, when the manifold is evolving through time, a joint spatio-temporal modelling is needed, in order to fully comprehend its nature. We propose a first-order Markovian process that propagates the spatial probabilistic model of a manifold at fixed time, to its adjacent temporal stages. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a particle simulation of an interacting dwarf galaxy to describe the evolution of a cavity generated by a Supernov
Resource discovery for distributed computing systems: A comprehensive survey
Large-scale distributed computing environments provide a vast amount of heterogeneous computing resources from different sources for resource sharing and distributed computing. Discovering appropriate resources in such environments is a challenge which involves several different subjects. In this paper, we provide an investigation on the current state of resource discovery protocols, mechanisms, and platforms for large-scale distributed environments, focusing on the design aspects. We classify all related aspects, general steps, and requirements to construct a novel resource discovery solution in three categories consisting of structures, methods, and issues. Accordingly, we review the literature, analyzing various aspects for each category
Descoberta de recursos para sistemas de escala arbitrarias
Doutoramento em InformĂĄticaTecnologias de Computação DistribuĂda em larga escala tais como Cloud,
Grid, Cluster e Supercomputadores HPC estĂŁo a evoluir juntamente com a
emergĂȘncia revolucionĂĄria de modelos de mĂșltiplos nĂșcleos (por exemplo:
GPU, CPUs num Ășnico die, Supercomputadores em single die, Supercomputadores
em chip, etc) e avanços significativos em redes e soluçÔes de
interligação. No futuro, nĂłs de computação com milhares de nĂșcleos podem
ser ligados entre si para formar uma Ășnica unidade de computação
transparente que esconde das aplicaçÔes a complexidade e a natureza distribuĂda desses sistemas com mĂșltiplos nĂșcleos. A fim de beneficiar de forma
eficiente de todos os potenciais recursos nesses ambientes de computação
em grande escala com mĂșltiplos nĂșcleos ativos, a descoberta de recursos Ă© um elemento crucial para explorar ao mĂĄximo as capacidade de todos
os recursos heterogĂ©neos distribuĂdos, atravĂ©s do reconhecimento preciso e
localização desses recursos no sistema. A descoberta eficiente e escalåvel
de recursos ÂŽe um desafio para tais sistemas futuros, onde os recursos e as
infira-estruturas de computação e comunicação subjacentes são altamente
dinùmicas, hierarquizadas e heterogéneas. Nesta tese, investigamos o problema
da descoberta de recursos no que diz respeito aos requisitos gerais da
escalabilidade arbitrĂĄria de ambientes de computação futuros com mĂșltiplos
nĂșcleos ativos. A principal contribuição desta tese ÂŽe a proposta de uma
entidade de descoberta de recursos adaptativa hĂbrida (Hybrid Adaptive
Resource Discovery - HARD), uma abordagem de descoberta de recursos eficiente
e altamente escalĂĄvel, construĂda sobre uma sobreposição hierĂĄrquica
virtual baseada na auto-organizaçãoo e auto-adaptação de recursos de processamento
no sistema, onde os recursos computacionais sĂŁo organizados
em hierarquias distribuĂdas de acordo com uma proposta de modelo de
descriçãoo de recursos multi-camadas hierårquicas. Operacionalmente, em
cada camada, que consiste numa arquitetura ponto-a-ponto de mĂłdulos que,
interagindo uns com os outros, fornecem uma visĂŁo global da disponibilidade
de recursos num ambiente distribuĂdo grande, dinĂąmico e heterogĂ©neo. O
modelo de descoberta de recursos proposto fornece a adaptabilidade e flexibilidade
para executar consultas complexas através do apoio a um conjunto
de caracterĂsticas significativas (tais como multi-dimensional, variedade e
consulta agregada) apoiadas por uma correspondĂȘncia exata e parcial, tanto
para o conteĂșdo de objetos estĂ©ticos e dinĂąmicos. SimulaçÔes mostram
que o HARD pode ser aplicado a escalas arbitrĂĄrias de dinamismo, tanto
em termos de complexidade como de escala, posicionando esta proposta
como uma arquitetura adequada para sistemas futuros de mĂșltiplos nĂșcleos.
TambĂ©m contribuĂmos com a proposta de um regime de gestĂŁo eficiente
dos recursos para sistemas futuros que podem utilizar recursos distribuĂos
de forma eficiente e de uma forma totalmente descentralizada. Além disso,
aproveitando componentes de descoberta (RR-RPs) permite que a nossa
plataforma de gestĂŁo de recursos encontre e aloque dinamicamente recursos
disponĂeis que garantam os parĂąmetros de QoS pedidos.Large scale distributed computing technologies such as Cloud, Grid, Cluster
and HPC supercomputers are progressing along with the revolutionary emergence
of many-core designs (e.g. GPU, CPUs on single die, supercomputers
on chip, etc.) and significant advances in networking and interconnect solutions.
In future, computing nodes with thousands of cores may be connected
together to form a single transparent computing unit which hides from applications
the complexity and distributed nature of these many core systems. In
order to efficiently benefit from all the potential resources in such large scale
many-core-enabled computing environments, resource discovery is the vital
building block to maximally exploit the capabilities of all distributed heterogeneous
resources through precisely recognizing and locating those resources
in the system. The efficient and scalable resource discovery is challenging for
such future systems where the resources and the underlying computation and
communication infrastructures are highly-dynamic, highly-hierarchical and
highly-heterogeneous. In this thesis, we investigate the problem of resource
discovery with respect to the general requirements of arbitrary scale future
many-core-enabled computing environments. The main contribution of this
thesis is to propose Hybrid Adaptive Resource Discovery (HARD), a novel
efficient and highly scalable resource-discovery approach which is built upon
a virtual hierarchical overlay based on self-organization and self-adaptation
of processing resources in the system, where the computing resources are
organized into distributed hierarchies according to a proposed hierarchical
multi-layered resource description model. Operationally, at each layer, it
consists of a peer-to-peer architecture of modules that, by interacting with
each other, provide a global view of the resource availability in a large,
dynamic and heterogeneous distributed environment. The proposed resource
discovery model provides the adaptability and flexibility to perform complex
querying by supporting a set of significant querying features (such as
multi-dimensional, range and aggregate querying) while supporting exact
and partial matching, both for static and dynamic object contents. The
simulation shows that HARD can be applied to arbitrary scales of dynamicity,
both in terms of complexity and of scale, positioning this proposal as a
proper architecture for future many-core systems. We also contributed to
propose a novel resource management scheme for future systems which
efficiently can utilize distributed resources in a fully decentralized fashion.
Moreover, leveraging discovery components (RR-RPs) enables our resource
management platform to dynamically find and allocate available resources
that guarantee the QoS parameters on demand
Urban Informatics
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently â to become âsmartâ and âsustainableâ. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of âbigâ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity
Urban Informatics
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently â to become âsmartâ and âsustainableâ. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of âbigâ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity
Urban Informatics
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently â to become âsmartâ and âsustainableâ. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of âbigâ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity
The Object of Platform Studies: Relational Materialities and the Social Platform (the case of the Nintendo Wii)
Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System,by Ian Bogost and Nick Montfort, inaugurated thePlatform Studies series at MIT Press in 2009.Weâve coauthored a new book in the series, Codename: Revolution: the Nintendo Wii Video Game Console. Platform studies is a quintessentially Digital Humanities approach, since itâs explicitly focused on the interrelationship of computing and cultural expression. According to the series preface, the goal of platform studies is âto consider the lowest level of computing systems and to understand how these systems relate to culture and creativity.âIn practice, this involves paying close attentionto specific hardware and software interactions--to the vertical relationships between a platformâs multilayered materialities (Hayles; Kirschenbaum),from transistors to code to cultural reception. Any given act of platform-studies analysis may focus for example on the relationship between the chipset and the OS, or between the graphics processor and display parameters or game developersâ designs.In computing terms, platform is an abstraction(Bogost and Montfort), a pragmatic frame placed around whatever hardware-and-software configuration is required in order to build or run certain specificapplications (including creative works). The object of platform studies is thus a shifting series of possibility spaces, any number of dynamic thresholds between discrete levels of a system