Single-Visit Conservative Biological Restoration of Fractured Tooth via Reattachment Procedure

Trauma to anterior teeth is a very common condition mainly affecting children and adolescents. Such traumatic injury may often result in coronal fracture to the tooth. Dentist must concentrate to save the affected teeth of patients. This article describes the management of coronal tooth fracture when tooth fragment is available and there is no or minimal violation of the biological width via reattachment of fractured fragment. The reattachment procedure of the dental fragment by using post and core can be a viable treatment option that offers advantages of simplicity, immediate esthetics and conservation in cases of dental trauma

Fixed-time Distributed Optimization under Time-Varying Communication Topology

This paper presents a method to solve distributed optimization problem within a fixed time over a time-varying communication topology. Each agent in the network can access its private objective function, while exchange of local information is permitted between the neighbors. This study investigates first nonlinear protocol for achieving distributed optimization for time-varying communication topology within a fixed time independent of the initial conditions. For the case when the global objective function is strictly convex, a second-order Hessian based approach is developed for achieving fixed-time convergence. In the special case of strongly convex global objective function, it is shown that the requirement to transmit Hessians can be relaxed and an equivalent first-order method is developed for achieving fixed-time convergence to global optimum. Results are further extended to the case where the underlying team objective function, possibly non-convex, satisfies only the Polyak-\L ojasiewicz (PL) inequality, which is a relaxation of strong convexity.Comment: 25 page