Waqf Model of Madinah Mawaddah Waqf City: An Analysis

The private initiation to establish waqf has spurred the development of waqf worldwide. Corporations, companies, and Islamic financial institutions in several countries such as Turkey, Pakistan, and Malaysia have created, managed, and distributed waqf proceeds to the designated beneficiaries in various sectors, namely, health, education, and social. Recently, Pahang State Foundation (Yayasan Pahang), a subsidiary of the Malaysian state of Pahang, launched Madinah Mawaddah Waqf City (MMWC) with the dedication of 187 acres of land as waqf to Pahang Islamic Religious and Malay Customs Council (MUIP). The initiative to develop MMWC is considered one of the most significant waqf land development projects undertaken by a private company in Malaysia. The paper aims to study and analyze the structure of the waqf model of MMWC, which includes the governance, management, and underlying Shariah principles applied to establish MMWC.  It is a conceptual paper, and the authors use content analysis, library research, and case study methods to reach the findings. The findings of this study could provide some insight on the application of the waqf model within the institutional framework of a corporate or private company. Future studies can examine other aspects of waqf management more specifically, such as financial aspects

Exploring strategic factors for promoting blood donation campaign / Nur Shahrulliza Muhammad … [et al.]

Approximately 2.2 percent of the Malaysian population donates blood each year, compared to the standard expectation of 5 percent. It is a sign that this country will experience insufficient blood supply in the future. This worrying statistic has led to the exploration of blood donation decision-making conducted worldwide for the purpose to understand the factors that will help to encourage the publics to donate blood. Understanding the intention-based Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) helps the researchers to develop targeted campaigns based on specified factors from the pool survey. These TPB factors among Malaysian adults have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, the survey was administered to respondents concerning potential motivating factors based on the suggested TPB elements in their decision to donate blood. The study was conducted on Malaysian adults working in the public and private sectors. This study was to identify the correlation and regression value to identify the relationship between the factors and to infer causal relationships between the factors. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between the subjective norms with the blood donation intention. The potential discouraging factors need to be addressed to ensure future decision whether or not to donate blood might be inflected. However, this study has pointed out for further investigation on factors affecting the donor intention and decision to donate the blood among Malaysian adults

Identification and Expression of cGnRH-II Gene in Three Strains Osphronemus gouramy (Soang, Jepun and Bluesafir)

Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) has very high economic value and is easy to cultivate. Currently there are about six strains that have been successfully cultivated based on their reproductive ability to produce eggs, namely goose (soang, goose gouramy), jepun (japan, japonica), blue sapphire, paris, bastar (broiler) and porcelain. One of the reasons for these differences in ability is internal factors which can be seen through the identification and expression of the cGnRH gene that each of these gouramy strains have. The cGnRH gene functions in signaling the pituitary gland to secrete the hormone GtH. This study aims to identify sequences and gene expression values ​​resulting from three strains of gouramyat different age levels. The research method used was the exploration of three gouramy strains (soang, jepun, blue sapphire) at different age levels (4 months, 8 months, 12 months), and three gouramy strains were taken for each age level. This research was conducted through several stages, namely organ preparation, isolation, sequence identification and measurement of cGnRH gene expression. Sequence data was analyzed using phylogenetic trees and gene expression was analyzed using One Way ANOVA test. The sequence results showed that the soang strain had a sequence that was more similar to the jepun strain than the blue sapphire strain, and the resulting gene expression showed that the three gouramy strains with three different age levels did not give different results

Empoderando a los educadores de Orang Asli con el aprendizaje móvil para la alfabetización básica

This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of tutors on their readiness of implementing the basic literacy program and the module of M-Litora (basic literacy and digital transformation module for Orang Asli via mobile learning). This is important to ensure for the appropriateness of the literacy program developed by researchers from Faculty of Education and Faculty of Health Sciences, UKM in meeting the problems of reading difficulties among the children of the Orang Asli. The finding revealed that mastery on Bahasa Melayu among tutors, the capability of Orang Asli tutors to receive online training and motivation among tutors and the children were part of elements influencing the tutor’s readiness towards this program. Perhaps the initiatives through this program accelerating the government inspiration in strengthening the marginalized community with education. However, there are more effort and initiative that are deemed essential to the implementation of the Bahasa Melayu program for the marginalized community.Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las percepciones de los tutores sobre su preparación para implementar el programa de alfabetización básica y el módulo de M-Litora (módulo de alfabetización básica y transformación digital para Orang Asli a través del aprendizaje móvil). Esto es importante para garantizar la idoneidad del programa de alfabetización desarrollado por investigadores de la Facultad de Educación y la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UKM, para resolver los problemas de dificultades de lectura entre los niños de Orang Asli. El hallazgo reveló que el dominio de Bahasa Melayu entre los tutores, la capacidad de los tutores de Orang Asli para recibir capacitación en línea y la motivación entre los tutores y los niños fueron parte de los elementos que influyeron en la preparación del tutor para este programa. Quizás las iniciativas a través de este programa aceleran la inspiración del gobierno en el fortalecimiento de la comunidad marginada con educación. Sin embargo, hay más esfuerzo e iniciativa que se consideran esenciales para la implementación del programa Bahasa Melayu para la comunidad marginada

Model pengukuran aplikasi mudah alih panduan solat android (MAPS)

Penggunaan alat mudah alih seiring pembangunan teknologi semakin mashyur. Aplikasi yang mudah dan ringkas menjadi pilihan masyarakat kontemporari. Pelbagai aplikasi boleh diperoleh dari platform Android. Antara aplikasi yang boleh dimuat turun secara percuma adalah Panduan Solat. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk kesahan model pengukuran penggunaan aplikasi mudah alih Panduan Solat. Selain itu, untuk mengenalpasti kandungan panduan solat memberi kesan positif terhadap kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran, mesra pengguna, multimedia mobiliti, dan hasil pembelajaran. Aplikasi Panduan Solat dibina malalui operasi sistem android. Android merupakan operasi yang berasaskan Linux yang digunakan untuk program layar sentuh dan komputer tablet melalui sumber terbuka Google. Program Android boleh didapati dengan memuat turun dari Google Play. Aplikasi android ini dibina sebagai panduan untuk menunaikan ibadah solat untuk umat islam. Aplikasi ini sesuai digunakan untuk pembelajaran bagi peringkat dewasa dan kanak-kanak berkenaan fardu sembahyang. Antara kandungan aplikasi adalah rukun solat, cara berwuduk, bacaan solat fardu, solat sunat dan doa-doa selepas menunaikan solat. Kajian dijalankan terhadap 70 orang responden kajian secara kuantitatif menggunakan soal selidik MAPS yang mengandungi 42 item termasuk demografi. Analisis instrumen kajian dijalankan dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square 3.2.7. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kandungan Panduan Solat Android mempengaruhi kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran, mesra pengguna, multimedia mobiliti, dan hasil pembelajaran yang diperoleh. Melalui hasil kajian ini, kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan model pengukuran dapat dibina. Dengan wujudnya kandungan hasil pembelajaran yang mantap, dapat memberikan sumber ilmu kepada mereka yang ingin belajar solat. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu mereka yang malu untuk bertanya dan dapat belajar asas solat sebelum berjumpa guru untuk menambahkan ilmu pengetahuan solat

AMOS 4M: teaching indigenous through touching and true-love (Teaching 2T)

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) reports that the current Orang Asli (the indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia) population is around 178,000 people with a high incidence by poverty of 50.9% and hardcore poverty of 15.4%. The report also indicates that the literacy problem among Orang Asli is becoming more severe, where there are limited opportunities for them to receive education. Although previous studies have designed learning modules and activities for the Orang Asli, limited studies have focused on their learning styles in which they prefer indigenous art, language, ritual, folklore and taboos without a fixed syllabus. In an attempt to solve the Orang Asli literacy problem as well as to fill the research gaps, a teaching module for Orang Asli through the concepts of “touching” and “true love” has been developed under the “Asas Membaca Orang Asli” (AMOS 4M) (basic reading Orang Asli module) project or “AMOS 4M: Teaching Indigenous Through Touching and True-Love,” where the 4Ms stands for “Menyebut, Menyanyi, Melakon, Membaca” (pronouncing, singing, dramatizing, and reading). The module has been initiated since the year 2007. AMOS 4M focuses on literacy pedagogy among the Orang Asli community which includes children and adults aims to serve as module for training existing teachers in Orang Asli schools as well as pre-service teachers. Past studies have discovered that Orang Asli are “kinesthetic learners” that need learning with “hands-on” experiences (such as skills using hands, singing and acting). As such, the module integrates the “touching” concept to suit the “kinesthetic learning style” the Orang Asli.An approach with the “touching” concept would be to the touching of natural resources, (e.g. touching the earth).This could in turn increase their level ofinterest and attract their attention during the teaching and learning process. On the other hand, the “true-love” concept refers to their “love of nature” and “true-love” or affection shown towards them during teaching and learning sessions.The utilization of natural products such as clay, leaves, seeds, bamboos, and sand has been integrated during class sessions. The utilization of the natural products are essential as the Orang Asli see the products as daily or “everyday” products that they are used frequently around them. The integration of modern pedagogical approaches has been observed to distract them from learning, as they cannot link or associate the approaches with their daily lives.In relation, the teacher-centered (constructive) approaches used in classrooms have to be also “individualized.” In other words, as compared to regular learners, Orang Asli learners require more one-to-one attention from the teachers.In conclusion, the AMOS4M module via integration of the concepts of “touching” and “true love” has shown that the Orang Asli learners have had a positive impact on the reading in which they master reading in a period of three months. As a result, the successful pedagogical strategy has been introduced to Orang Asli teachers in Malaysia to develop the learners‟ basic reading skills

Abundance and Distribution of Enteric Bacteria and Viruses in Coastal and Estuarine Sediments—a Review

The long term survival of fecal indicator organisms (FIOs) and human pathogenic microorganisms in sediments is important from a water quality, human health and ecological perspective. Typically, both bacteria and viruses strongly associate with particulate matter present in freshwater, estuarine and marine environments. This association tends to be stronger in finer textured sediments and is strongly influenced by the type and quantity of clay minerals and organic matter present. Binding to particle surfaces promotes the persistence of bacteria in the environment by offering physical and chemical protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. How bacterial and viral viability and pathogenicity is influenced by surface attachment requires further study. Typically, long-term association with surfaces including sediments induces bacteria to enter a viable-but-non-culturable (VBNC) state. Inherent methodological challenges of quantifying VBNC bacteria may lead to the frequent under-reporting of their abundance in sediments. The implications of this in a quantitative risk assessment context remain unclear. Similarly, sediments can harbor significant amounts of enteric viruses, however, the factors regulating their persistence remains poorly understood. Quantification of viruses in sediment remains problematic due to our poor ability to recover intact viral particles from sediment surfaces (typically <10%), our inability to distinguish between infective and damaged (non-infective) viral particles, aggregation of viral particles, and inhibition during qPCR. This suggests that the true viral titre in sediments may be being vastly underestimated. In turn, this is limiting our ability to understand the fate and transport of viruses in sediments. Model systems (e.g., human cell culture) are also lacking for some key viruses, preventing our ability to evaluate the infectivity of viruses recovered from sediments (e.g., norovirus). The release of particle-bound bacteria and viruses into the water column during sediment resuspension also represents a risk to water quality. In conclusion, our poor process level understanding of viral/bacterial-sediment interactions combined with methodological challenges is limiting the accurate source apportionment and quantitative microbial risk assessment for pathogenic organisms associated with sediments in aquatic environments

De Novo Mutations in SLC1A2 and CACNA1A Are Important Causes of Epileptic Encephalopathies

Epileptic encephalopathies (EEs) are the most clinically important group of severe early-onset epilepsies. Next-generation sequencing has highlighted the crucial contribution of de novo mutations to the genetic architecture of EEs as well as to their underlying genetic heterogeneity. Our previous whole-exome sequencing study of 264 parent-child trios revealed more than 290 candidate genes in which only a single individual had a de novo variant. We sought to identify additional pathogenic variants in a subset (n = 27) of these genes via targeted sequencing in an unsolved cohort of 531 individuals with a diverse range of EEs. We report 17 individuals with pathogenic variants in seven of the 27 genes, defining a genetic etiology in 3.2% of this unsolved cohort. Our results provide definitive evidence that de novo mutations in SLC1A2 and CACNA1A cause specific EEs and expand the compendium of clinically relevant genotypes for GABRB3. We also identified EEs caused by genetic variants in ALG13, DNM1, and GNAO1 and report a mutation in IQSEC2. Notably, recurrent mutations accounted for 7/17 of the pathogenic variants identified. As a result of high-depth coverage, parental mosaicism was identified in two out of 14 cases tested with mutant allelic fractions of 5%–6% in the unaffected parents, carrying significant reproductive counseling implications. These results confirm that dysregulation in diverse cellular neuronal pathways causes EEs, and they will inform the diagnosis and management of individuals with these devastating disorders

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised