Performance and economic analysis of broilers fed diets containing acerola meal in replacement of corn

It was aimed with this research to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing increasing levels of acerola meal in replacement of corn and analyze the economic viability of that production system. A total of 980 day-old male Cobb chicks were used, allotted in a completely randomized design, with four treatments - inclusion levels (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) of acerola meal in replacement of corn – and seven replications with 35 birds per experimental unit. The birds were weighed at 21 and 42 days of age to measure the performance data. In the period between 1 and 21 days of age, differences were observed in the feed intake and feed:gain only, in which the inclusion of acerola meal linearly decreased feed intake and improved feed:gain up to a level of 10.25%. For the total rearing period, the control treatment showed higher body weight. The feed:gain showed linear effect, worsening the results with increasing amounts of acerola meal in the diets. In the same period, there was no significant difference in feed intake and productive efficiency index. With regard to the economic analysis, it was found that the lowest final cost per broiler was observed in diets with 10% of acerola meal inclusion in replacement of corn.Objetivou-se com a pesquisa avaliar o desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo níveis crescentes de inclusão de farelo de acerola em substituição ao milho e analisar a viabilidade econômica desse sistema de produção. Foram utilizados 980 pintos de corte com um dia de idade, machos, da linhagem Cobb, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos - níveis de inclusão (0, 5, 10 e 15%) de farelo de acerola em substituição ao milho - e sete repetições com 35 aves por unidade experimental. Aos 21 e 42 dias de idade as aves foram pesadas para a mensuração dos dados de desempenho. No período de 1 a 21 dias de idade, foram observadas diferenças somente no consumo de ração e na conversão alimentar, onde a inclusão de farelo de acerola diminuiu linearmente o consumo de ração e melhorou a conversão alimentar até o nível de 10,25%. No período total de criação o tratamento controle apresentou maior peso corporal. A conversão alimentar apresentou efeito linear, piorando os resultados com o aumento da quantidade de farelo de acerola nas dietas. Nesse mesmo período, não houve diferença significativa no consumo de ração e no fator de produção. Quanto à análise econômica, verificou-se que o menor custo final por frango foi observado nas dietas com 10% de inclusão de farelo de acerola em substituição ao milho

Chemical, Physical And Oxidative Characteristics Of Broilers Meat Supplemented With Passion Fruit Seed Oil

Residues that could be discarded and transformed in high biological value protein is a measure of environmental preservation combined with the sustainability of animal production. This study evaluated the effects of the addition of passion fruit seed oil (PFSO) on broiler diet under the resistance of skin, physical-chemical characteristic, fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation (under storage) of breast meat obtained from these animals. There was improvement in the condition of skin rupture and meat tenderness; apart from that, oxidative reactions decreased, as PFSO was added to the diet (P<0.05). On the other hand, no effect on colour, pH, water retention capacity and weight loss on cooking (P>0.05) was observed. There was a linear effect increasing only for the margaric (C17:0) and cis10-Heptadecanoic (C17:1; P<0,05) fatty acids. However, due to the low amount of these fatty acids in PFSO, the found content was still low in all evaluated treatments. However, the evaluated levels did not contribute to the increase of the polyunsaturated fatty acid profile (P>0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that PFSO improves the resistance of broiler skin, which becomes softer and less susceptible to oxidative effects due to the oil’s antioxidant action, suggesting that it may be an ingredient that brings substantial benefits in the poultry industry

Características da carne bovina armazenada em diferentes tipos de embalagens e submetidas a diferentes fontes de luz

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a alteração dos atributos de qualidade da carne bovina armazenadas em embalagens com baixa permeabilidade ao oxigênio (BP) e alta permeabilidade ao oxigênio (AP) mantidas em freezer com dois tipos de lâmpadas, Led e Fluorescente (Fluo). Quinze amostras do músculo Longissimus lumborum foram divididas em quatro partes e embaladas a vácuo em embalagem BP ou AP e acondicionadas sob dois tipos de iluminação (Led e Fluo), por 60 dias, à temperatura de -18ºC. Foram avaliados: cor da carne, pH, oxidação lipídica, bactérias mesófilas, psicotróficas e enterobactérias. As análises foram realizadas na desossa e após a exposição aos tratamentos (BP-Led, BP-Fluo, AP-Led e AP-Fluo). Todos os tratamentos apresentaram maior contagem de bactérias mesófilas aeróbias e psicrotróficas, que a carne no momento da desossa. O pH foi menor na carne desossada em relação aos demais tratamentos, para H* maiores valores foram encontrados nas embalagens AP. A oxidação lipídica foi semelhante entre a carne da desossa e o tratamento BP-Led, os demais tratamentos apresentaram maior oxidação lipídica, que a carne no momento da desossa. Maiores valores de psicrotróficos foram encontrados para embalagens AP e luz fluorescente. O tratamento BP-Led demostrou menor valor de oxidação lipídica que, BP-Fluo, AP-Led, AP-Fluo. Conclui-se que a descoloração da carne é menor nas embalagens com baixa permeabilidade ao oxigênio independente o tipo de luz utilizada durante o armazenamento. A associação entre a embalagem BP e a luz Led mostram melhores resultados microbiológicos e menor oxidação lipídica, proporcionando melhor qualidade da carne após o armazenamento

Physical and microbiological quality and oxidative stability in different storage periods of Angus-Nellore heifer meat in an integrated livestock-forest system

This study aimed to evaluate the physical and microbiological quality as well as the oxidative stability of meat stored frozen (30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 days) and obtained from Angus-Nelore heifers kept in a conventional system (CS; no shade available) and Integrated Livestock-Forest (ILF-1L and ILF-3L). Forty-eight ½ Nellore ½ Angus heifers with an average initial weight of approximately 276.70 ± 20.1 kg and an average age of nine months were distributed across a randomized block design with three treatments and four replicates. After slaughter, the Longissimus thoracis muscle was collected from each carcass for pH, lipid oxidation, meat color, and microbiological analyses. The physical and microbiological quality and oxidative stability of the meat were not affected by the tree component present in the pasture. Regarding the duration of frozen storage, it was found that the pH, meat color (a*, b*, C*, H*, O/M), and lipid oxidation increased as the period of storage increased (P<0.05). The physical and microbiological quality, as well as the oxidative stability of the meat, was not affected by the tree component present in the pasture. However, the meat changed as the frozen storage time increased

Gênero e sustentabilidade como proposta desafiadora para urbanismo de cidades equalitárias / Gender and sustainability as a challenging proposal for urbanism in equal cities

Desigualdade de gênero e o consumo imoderado de recursos naturais são problemas de grande importância atualmente. O cenário que abrange grande parte desses problemas ainda é o urbano. O objetivo deste trabalho é associar as relações de gênero, problemas urbanísticos e sustentabilidade ambiental, de forma que as saídas a serem buscadas possam ser interseccionais nesses três campos, otimizando o tempo e recursos gastos na solução destes problemas. Para relacionar as três problemáticas acima citadas, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de publicações com os seguintes termos: “urbanismo sustentável”, “urbanismo feminista”, e “ecofeminismo”, na tentativa de elucidar os motivos que estreitam as relações das mulheres com a sustentabilidade no meio urbano. As intersecções encontradas acabaram por transcorrer várias temáticas como governança, participação, meio ambiente e mobilidade, com destaque para as especificidades das mulheres no contexto urbano. As diferentes necessidades de mobilidade e aparato urbano para as mulheres, o importante nicho de consumo que elas representam, e sua crescente participação econômica, foram pontos chave destacados neste trabalho para que sejam considerados na construção de políticas públicas urbanas, em busca de cidades mais sustentáveis, equalitárias e justas. 

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia