473 research outputs found
Nato II Common Bounderies for Common Interest
NATO I For 30 years, NATO has served the West remarkably well. Now it is time for a marked l strategic change, especially as regards NATO naval forces. Although NATO has deep cultural, political and economic roots, in essence it is a military coalition designed to prevent Soviet aggression. NATO transformed a basic principle of American national security: prior to 1949, the military world view of the United States was to avoid European entanglements, to rely upon large oceans and a powerful Navy and to assist endangered Eurpoean democracies only after war had begun; through NATO, the United States entered a permanent European entanglement In order to deter a third world war on the continen
U.S. Naval Forces and the Northern Flank of NATO
U.S. policy requires that the Navy have the capability to operate on the northern flank of NATO, specifically in the Norwegian Sea. The vulnerabilities and strengths of both the allied and Soviet positions are discussed in this examination of the balance of power in the area
Attachment Styles Within the Coach-Athlete Dyad: Preliminary Investigation and Assessment Development
The present preliminary study aimed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of a new sport-specific self-report instrument designed to assess athletesâ and coachesâ attachment styles. The development and initial validation comprised three main phases. In Phase 1, a pool of items was generated based on pre-existing self-report attachment instruments, modified to reflect a coach and an athleteâs style of attachment. In Phase 2, the content validity of the items was assessed by a panel of experts. A final scale was developed and administered to 405 coaches and 298 athletes (N = 703 participants). In Phase 3, confirmatory factor analysis of the obtained data was conducted to determine the final items of the Coach-Athlete Attachment Scale (CAAS). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed acceptable goodness of fit indexes for a 3-first order factor model as well as a 2-first order factor model for both the athlete and the coach data, respectively. A secure attachment style positively predicted relationship satisfaction, while an insecure attachment style was a negative predictor of relationship satisfaction. The CAAS revealed initial psychometric properties of content, factorial, and predictive validity, as well as reliability
On an asymptotic estimate of the -loop correction in perturbative QCD
A recently proposed method of estimating the asymptotic behaviour of QCD
perturbation theory coefficients is critically reviewed and shown to contain
numerous invalid mathematical operations and unsubstantiated assumptions. We
discuss in detail why this procedure, based solely on renormalization group
(RG) considerations and analyticity constraints, cannot lead to such estimates.
We stress the importance of correct renormalization scheme (RS) dependence of
any meaningful asymptotic estimate and argue that the unambiguous summation of
QCD perturbation expansions for physical quantities requires information from
outside of perturbation theory itself.Comment: PRA-HEP-92/17, Latex, 20 pages of text plus 5 figures contained in 5
separate PS files. Four of them (corresponding to Figs.1,2,3,5) are appended
at the end of this file, the (somewhat larger one) corresponding to Fig.4 can
be obtained from any of the mentioned E-mail addresses upon request. E-mail
connections: J. Chyla - [email protected]) or h1kchy@dhhdesy3 P. Kolar -
[email protected]
QCD Form Factors and Hadron Helicity Non-Conservation
Recent data for the ratio shocked the
community by disobeying expectations held for 50 years. We examine the status
of perturbative QCD predictions for helicity-flip form factors. Contrary to
common belief, we find there is no rule of hadron helicity conservation for
form factors. Instead the analysis yields an inequality that the leading power
of helicity-flip processes may equal or exceed the power of helicity conserving
processes. Numerical calculations support the rule, and extend the result to
the regime of laboratory momentum transfer . Quark orbital angular
momentum, an important feature of the helicity flip processes, may play a role
in all form factors at large , depending on the quark wave functions.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure
Senataxin helicase, the causal gene defect in ALS4, is a significant modifier of C9orf72 ALS G4C2 and arginine-containing dipeptide repeat toxicity
Identifying genetic modifiers of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may reveal targets for therapeutic modulation with potential application to sporadic ALS. GGGGCC (G4C2) repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene underlie the most common form of familial ALS, and generate toxic arginine-containing dipeptide repeats (DPRs), which interfere with membraneless organelles, such as the nucleolus. Here we considered senataxin (SETX), the genetic cause of ALS4, as a modifier of C9orf72 ALS, because SETX is a nuclear helicase that may regulate RNAâprotein interactions involved in ALS dysfunction. After documenting that decreased SETX expression enhances arginine-containing DPR toxicity and C9orf72 repeat expansion toxicity in HEK293 cells and primary neurons, we generated SETX fly lines and evaluated the effect of SETX in flies expressing either (G4C2)58 repeats or glycine-arginine-50 [GR(50)] DPRs. We observed dramatic suppression of disease phenotypes in (G4C2)58 and GR(50) Drosophila models, and detected a striking relocalization of GR(50) out of the nucleolus in flies co-expressing SETX. Next-generation GR(1000) fly models, that show age-related motor deficits in climbing and movement assays, were similarly rescued with SETX co-expression. We noted that the physical interaction between SETX and arginine-containing DPRs is partially RNA-dependent. Finally, we directly assessed the nucleolus in cells expressing GR-DPRs, confirmed reduced mobility of proteins trafficking to the nucleolus upon GR-DPR expression, and found that SETX dosage modulated nucleolus liquidity in GR-DPR-expressing cells and motor neurons. These findings reveal a hitherto unknown connection between SETX function and cellular processes contributing to neuron demise in the most common form of familial ALS
Measurement of the Nucleon Structure Function F2 in the Nuclear Medium and Evaluation of its Moments
We report on the measurement of inclusive electron scattering off a carbon
target performed with CLAS at Jefferson Laboratory. A combination of three
different beam energies 1.161, 2.261 and 4.461 GeV allowed us to reach an
invariant mass of the final-state hadronic system W~2.4 GeV with four-momentum
transfers Q2 ranging from 0.2 to 5 GeV2. These data, together with previous
measurements of the inclusive electron scattering off proton and deuteron,
which cover a similar continuous two-dimensional region of Q2 and Bjorken
variable x, permit the study of nuclear modifications of the nucleon structure.
By using these, as well as other world data, we evaluated the F2 structure
function and its moments. Using an OPE-based twist expansion, we studied the
Q2-evolution of the moments, obtaining a separation of the leading-twist and
the total higher-twist terms. The carbon-to-deuteron ratio of the leading-twist
contributions to the F2 moments exhibits the well known EMC effect, compatible
with that discovered previously in x-space. The total higher-twist term in the
carbon nucleus appears, although with large systematic uncertainites, to be
smaller with respect to the deuteron case for n<7, suggesting partial parton
deconfinement in nuclear matter. We speculate that the spatial extension of the
nucleon is changed when it is immersed in the nuclear medium.Comment: 37 pages, 15 figure
Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset
corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected
during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV.
The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the
couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and
right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary
mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b,
leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing
transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W'
boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to
the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for
masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC
data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed
coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant
improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe
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