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Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Author: Abd Elghafar M. S.
Abdel-Aziz M.
Abdelrazik M.
Abdollahi H.
Abdullah T.
Abecasis G. R.
Abedalthagafi M.
Abel L.
Abernathy C.
Abraheem A.
Abul-Husn N. S.
Acquilini D.
Adams C.
Adams E. L.
Adams K.
Adamsara A.
Adanini O.
Adeleye O.
Adra D.
Afilalo J.
Afilalo M.
Afolabi D.
Afrasiabi Z.
Agasou A.
Agrawal S.
Aguero D.
Ahmad N.
Ahmadi S.
Ahmed A.
Ahmed C.
Akeroyd L.
Akhtar M. N.
Akinkugbe O.
Aksentijevich A.
Al-Afghani H.
Al-Awdah L.
Alaamery M.
Alahmadey Z. Z.
Alaverdian D.
Alavere H.
Albader A.
Albaiceta G. M.
Albakri J. K.
AlBardis H.
Albeladi M.
Albesher N.
Albrich W.
AlDhawi N.
Aldridge J.
Aleagha A. E.
Alexander P.
Alfonso J.
Alghamdi B.
Alghamdi J.
Ali A.
Ali A.
Ali I. A. M.
Ali S.
Aliannejad R.
Aljawini N.
AlJohani S.
Alkwai S.
Allan A.
Allan E.
Allan J.
Alldis Z.
Allen L.
Allen M.
Allen S.
Allibone S.
Allison K. S.
Allos R.
Ally S. M.
AlMalik A.
Almalki F.
Almohammed I.
Almutairi M.
Alotaibi S.
Alowayn A. M.
Alqahtani S.
Alqubaishi F.
Alrashed M.
Alshareef A.
Alsolm E.
Alswailm M.
Altabaibeh A.
Alvaro A.
AlZahrani D.
Amin V.
Amirsavadkouhi A.
Amitrano S.
Anastasescu E.
Anderson F.
Anderson J.
Anderson M.
Anderson P.
Anderson S.
Anderson S.
Anderson T.
Andolfo I.
Andretta F.
Andreucci E.
Andrew A.
Andrew B.
Andrew G.
Andrews E.
Andrews S. J.
Anedda F.
Anemoli V.
Annis A.
Antcliffe D.
Antinori A.
Antoni M. D.
Anumakonda V.
Apetri E.
Aquino M.
Arabi Y. M.
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Publication venue: 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
Publication date: 01/01/2022
Field of study

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease

PubliCatt

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19.

Author: A A Roger Thompson
A Abraheem
A Agasou
A Ahmed
A Ali
A Allan
A Altabaibeh
A Alvaro
A Aspinwall
A Ayers
A Bamford
A Barron
A Bashyal
A Bellini
A Bociek
A Botello
A Bowes
A Brady
A Brayne
A Brown
A Brown
A Butler
A Campbell
A Carter
A Collins
A Cowley
A Cowton
A Cowton
A Cox
A Crew
A Dance
A Daniel
A Daniels
A Dela Rosa
A Drummond
A Durie
A E Heron
A Easthope
A Easthope
A Evans
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Shankar-Hari Manu
Shen Xia
Shih Barbara
Shiranee Sriskandan
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Silvia Cappelli
Simona Marcantonio
Simone Furini
Sophie Halpin
Sophie Venturelli
Stefania Mantovani
Stefano Baratti
Stefano Ceri
Stefano Rusconi
Stella Aslibekyan
Stephanie Roberts
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Summers Charlotte
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Tammy Gilchrist
Tenesa Albert
Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez
Thomas M Drake
Thushan de Silva
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Tom Solomon
Tony Wackett
Trevor Paterson
Tullio Trotta
Turtle Lance
U Poultney
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Valentina Anemoli
Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
Victoria Shaw
Vitart Veronique
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Walker Susan
Walsh Timothy
Wang Bo
Wei Shen Lim
Wendy S Barclay
William A Paxton
William Greenhalf
Wilson James F
Wrobel Nicola
Wu Yang
X Qiu
Y Baird
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Zechner Marie
Zhai Ranran
Zheng Chenqing
Publication venue: Nature
Publication date: 01/01/2020
Field of study

Host-mediated lung inflammation is present1, and drives mortality2, in the critical illness caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development3. Here we report the results of the GenOMICC (Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care) genome-wide association study in 2,244 critically ill patients with COVID-19 from 208 UK intensive care units. We have identified and replicated the following new genome-wide significant associations: on chromosome 12q24.13 (rs10735079, P = 1.65 × 10-8) in a gene cluster that encodes antiviral restriction enzyme activators (OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3); on chromosome 19p13.2 (rs74956615, P = 2.3 × 10-8) near the gene that encodes tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2); on chromosome 19p13.3 (rs2109069, P = 3.98 × 10-12) within the gene that encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9); and on chromosome 21q22.1 (rs2236757, P = 4.99 × 10-8) in the interferon receptor gene IFNAR2. We identified potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications: using Mendelian randomization, we found evidence that low expression of IFNAR2, or high expression of TYK2, are associated with life-threatening disease; and transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe COVID-19. Our results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in COVID-19. Both mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing drugs. However, large-scale randomized clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice

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Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova

Crossref

Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II

Archivio della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Siena

Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia

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King's Research Portal

Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies

Author: Amouyel Philippe
Angelantonio Emanuele Di
Arima Hisatomi
Assman Gerd
Barr Elizabeth L. M.
Barrett-Connor Elizabeth
Ben-Shlomo Yoav
Bjorkelund Cecilia
Blaha Michael J.
Blazer Dan G.
Bolton Thomas
Brenner Hermann
Brunner Eric J.
Burgess Stephen
Camara Agustin Gomez de la
Casiglia Edoardo
Coady Sean
Cook Nancy R.
Cooper Cyrus
Cooper Jackie A.
Crespo Carlos J.
D\u27Agostino Ralph B., Sr.
Daimon Makoto
Danesh John
Dankner Rachel
Davidson Karina W.
Davis Barry R.
Dekker Jacqueline M.
Donfrancesco Chiara
Ducimetiere Pierre
Engstrom Gunnar
Ezzati Majid
Ford Ian
Gallacher John
Gansevoort Ron T.
Gillum Richard F.
Goldbourt Uri
Graham Ian
Greenland Philip
Gudnason Vilmundur
Ibañez Alejandro Marin
Jackson Rod
Jorgensen Torben
Jukema J. Wouter
Kaptoge Stephen
Kauhanen Jussi
Kavousi Maryam
Khaw Kay-Tee
Kiechl Stefan
Kivimaki Mika
Knuiman Matthew W.
Koenig Wolfgang
Kromhout Daan
Krumholz Harlan M.
Kuller Lewis H.
Lamarche Benoit
Lawlor Debbie A.
Meade Tom W.
Meisinger Christa
Moons Karel G. M.
Nagel Dorothea
Nietert Paul J.
Nissinen Aulikki
Njolstad Inger
Nordestgaard Borge G.
Onat Altan
Onuma Oyere
Palmieri Luigi
Pavlovic Jelena
Pennells Lisa
Price Jackie F.
Psaty Bruce M.
Ridker Paul M.
Rodriguez Beatriz
Rosengren Annika
Roussel Ronan
Sakurai Masaru
Salomaa Veikko
Sato Shinichi
Sattar Naveed
Schouw Yvonne T. van der
Selmer Randi
Shara Nawar
Simons Leon A.
Sundstrom Johan
Sweeting Mike
Thompson Simone G.
Tipping Robert W.
Trevisan Maurizo
Varghese Cherian V.
Verschuren W. M. Monique
Visser Marjolein
Volzke Henry
Wallace Robert B.
Whincup Peter H.
White Ian
Willeit Peter
Wood Angela
Woodward Mark
Zhao Xiaohui
Publication venue: CUNY Academic Works
Publication date: 22/11/2018
Field of study

Aims: There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after ‘recalibration’, a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. Methods & Results: Using individual-participant data on 360737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), pooled cohort equations (PCE), and Reynolds risk score (RRS). We calculated measures of risk discrimination and calibration, and modelled clinical implications of initiating statin therapy in people judged to be at ‘high’ 10 year CVD risk. Original risk algorithms were recalibrated using the risk factor proﬁle and CVD incidence of target populations. The four algorithms had similar risk discrimination. Before recalibration, FRS, SCORE, and PCE overpredicted CVD risk on average by 10%, 52%, and 41%, respectively, whereas RRS under-predicted by 10%. Original versions of algorithms classiﬁed 29–39% of individuals aged \u3e_40years as high risk. By contrast, recalibration reduced this proportion to 22–24% for every algorithm. We estimated that to prevent one CVD event, it would be necessary to initiate statin therapy in 44–51 such individuals using original algorithms, in contrast to 37–39 individuals with recalibrated algorithms. Conclusions: Before recalibration, the clinical performance of four widely used CVD risk algorithms varied substantially. By contrast, simple recalibration nearly equalized their performance and improved modelled targeting of preventive action to clinical need

City University of New York

Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

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Abbas A.
Abbas F.
Abbas M.
Abbasi S.
Abbass H.
Abbott A.
Abdallah N.
Abdelaziz A.
Abdelfattah M.
Abdelqader B.
Abdo D.
Abdul Rasheed A.
Abdul B.
Abdul-Kadir R.
Abdul-Raheem R.
Abdulakeem A.
Abdulle A.
Abdulmumeen A.
Abdulshukkoor N.
Abdusamad K.
Abed El Khaleq Y.
Abedalla M.
Abeer Ul Amna A.U.A.
Abernethy K.
Abo-Leyah H.
Aboaba A.
Abou-Haggar A.
Abouibrahim M.
Abraham M.
Abraham T.
Abraheem A.
Abrams J.
Abu H.-J.
Abu-Arafeh A.
Abubacker S.M.
Abung A.
Aceampong Y.
Achara A.
Acharya D.
Acheampong S.
Acheson J.
Acosta A.
Acton C.
Adabie-Ankrah J.
Adair S.
Adam F.
Adam M.
Adamali H.
Adams C.
Adams C.
Adams K.
Adams L.
Adams R.
Adams T.
Adcock K.
Addai J.
Adebiyi A.
Adegoke K.
Adell V.
Ademokun D.
Adenwalla S.
Adesemoye O.A.
Adewunmi E.O.
Adeyemi J.
Adhikary R.
Adkins G.
Adnan A.
Aeron-Thomas J.
Affleck D.
Affron D.
Afnan C.
Afridi M.
Aftab Z.A.
Agarwal M.
Agbeko R.
Agbo C.
Agent P.
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Zulfikar S.
Zullo C.
Zuriaga-Alvaro A.
Zuurbier W.
Zyengi S.
Publication venue: 'Elsevier BV'
Publication date: 29/05/2021
Field of study

Background: Many patients with COVID-19 have been treated with plasma containing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) is assessing several possible treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 177 NHS hospitals from across the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either usual care alone (usual care group) or usual care plus high-titre convalescent plasma (convalescent plasma group). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936. Findings: Between May 28, 2020, and Jan 15, 2021, 11558 (71%) of 16287 patients enrolled in RECOVERY were eligible to receive convalescent plasma and were assigned to either the convalescent plasma group or the usual care group. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between the two groups: 1399 (24%) of 5795 patients in the convalescent plasma group and 1408 (24%) of 5763 patients in the usual care group died within 28 days (rate ratio 1·00, 95% CI 0·93–1·07; p=0·95). The 28-day mortality rate ratio was similar in all prespecified subgroups of patients, including in those patients without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at randomisation. Allocation to convalescent plasma had no significant effect on the proportion of patients discharged from hospital within 28 days (3832 [66%] patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 3822 [66%] patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·94–1·03; p=0·57). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at randomisation, there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients meeting the composite endpoint of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death (1568 [29%] of 5493 patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 1568 [29%] of 5448 patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·93–1·05; p=0·79). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised with COVID-19, high-titre convalescent plasma did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute of Health Research

Enlighten

Tocilizumab in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

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Abbas A.
Abbas F.
Abbas M.
Abbasi S.
Abbass H.
Abbott A.
Abdallah N.
Abdelaziz A.
Abdelfattah M.
Abdelqader B.
Abdul Rasheed A.
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Abdul-Kadir R.
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Publication venue: 'Elsevier BV'
Publication date: 01/05/2021
Field of study

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of tocilizumab in adult patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 with both hypoxia and systemic inflammation. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing several possible treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. Those trial participants with hypoxia (oxygen saturation <92% on air or requiring oxygen therapy) and evidence of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein ≥75 mg/L) were eligible for random assignment in a 1:1 ratio to usual standard of care alone versus usual standard of care plus tocilizumab at a dose of 400 mg–800 mg (depending on weight) given intravenously. A second dose could be given 12–24 h later if the patient's condition had not improved. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. The trial is registered with ISRCTN (50189673) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04381936). Findings: Between April 23, 2020, and Jan 24, 2021, 4116 adults of 21 550 patients enrolled into the RECOVERY trial were included in the assessment of tocilizumab, including 3385 (82%) patients receiving systemic corticosteroids. Overall, 621 (31%) of the 2022 patients allocated tocilizumab and 729 (35%) of the 2094 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio 0·85; 95% CI 0·76–0·94; p=0·0028). Consistent results were seen in all prespecified subgroups of patients, including those receiving systemic corticosteroids. Patients allocated to tocilizumab were more likely to be discharged from hospital within 28 days (57% vs 50%; rate ratio 1·22; 1·12–1·33; p<0·0001). Among those not receiving invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, patients allocated tocilizumab were less likely to reach the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (35% vs 42%; risk ratio 0·84; 95% CI 0·77–0·92; p<0·0001). Interpretation: In hospitalised COVID-19 patients with hypoxia and systemic inflammation, tocilizumab improved survival and other clinical outcomes. These benefits were seen regardless of the amount of respiratory support and were additional to the benefits of systemic corticosteroids. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute of Health Research

Enlighten

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Author: Abd Elghafar M.S.
Abdel-Aziz M.
Abdelrazik M.
Abdollahi H.
Abdullah T.
Abecasis G.R.
Abecasis G.R.
Abedalthagafi M.
Abel L.
Abernathy C.
Abraheem A.
Abul-Husn N.S.
Acquilini D.
Adams C.
Adams E.L.
Adams K.
Adamsara A.
Adanini O.
Adeleye O.
Adra D.
Afilalo J.
Afilalo M.
Afolabi D.
Afrasiabi Z.
Agasou A.
Agrawal S.
Agüero D.
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Ahmadi S.
Ahmed A.
Ahmed C.
Akeroyd L.
Akhtar M.N.
Akinkugbe O.
Aksentijevich A.
Al Harthi F.
Al Mutairi A.
Al-Afghani H.
Al-Awdah L.
Alaamery M.
Alahmadey Z.Z.
Alaverdian D.
Alavere H.
Albader A.
Albaiceta G.M.
Albakri J.K.
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Albeladi M.
Albesher N.
Albrich W.
AlDhawi N.
Aldridge J.
Aleagha A.E.
Alexander P.
Alfonso J.
Alghamdi B.
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Zhao J.H.
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Zhou W.
Zitter L.
Zlatopolsky M.
Zongo O.
Zucchi P.
Zyndorf M.
Zöllner S.
Åsvold B.O.
Publication venue: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication date: 07/07/2022
Field of study

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease

White Rose Research Online

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

Author: Abarca-Gomez Leandra
Abdeen Ziad A.
Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
Adams Robert J.
Aekplakorn Wichai
Afsana Kaosar
Afzal Shoaib
Agdeppa Imelda A.
Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
Agyemang Charles
Ahmad Noor Ani
Ahmadi Ali
Ahmadi Naser
Ahmadi Nastaran
Ahmadizar Fariba
Ahmed Soheir H.
Ahrens Wolfgang
Ajlouni Kamel
Al Nsour Mohannad
Al-Raddadi Rajaa
Alarouj Monira
AlBuhairan Fadia
AlDhukair Shahla
Ali Mohamed M.
Alkandari Abdullah
Alkerwi Ala'a
Allin Kristine
Aly Eman
Amarapurkar Deepak N.
Amougou Norbert
Amouyel Philippe
Andersen Lars Bo
Anderssen Sigmund A.
Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
Anjana Ranjit Mohan
Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
Ansong Daniel
Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
Araujo Joana
Ariansen Inger
Aris Tahir
Arku Raphael E.
Arlappa Nimmathota
Aryal Krishna K.
Aspelund Thor
Assah Felix K.
Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
Auvinen Juha
Avdicova Maria
Azevedo Ana
Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
Azizi Fereidoun
Azmin Mehrdad
Babu Bontha V.
Bahijri Suhad
Balakrishna Nagalla
Balanova Yulia
Balanova Yulia
Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
Banach Maciej
Banadinovic Maja
Bandosz Piotr
Banegas Jose R.
Baran Joanna
Barbagallo Carlo M.
Barcelo Alberto
Barkat Amina
Barreto Marta
Barros Aluisio J. D.
Bartosiewicz Anna
Basit Abdul
Bastos Joao Luiz D.
Bata Iqbal
Batieha Anwar M.
Batyrbek Assembekov
Baur Louise A.
Beaglehole Robert
Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
Belavendra Antonisamy
Ben Romdhane Habiba
Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
Benet Mikhail
Bennett James E.
Bennett James E.
Benson Lowell S.
Berkinbayev Salim
Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
Bettiol Heloisa
Bezerra Jorge
Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
Bhargava Santosh K.
Bia Daniel
Biasch Katia
Bikbov Mukharram M.
Bista Bihungum
Bjerregaard Peter
Bjertness Espen
Bjertness Marius B.
Bjorkelund Cecilia
Bloch Katia V.
Blokstra Anneke
Bo Simona
Bobak Martin
Boeing Heiner
Boggia Jose G.
Boissonnet Carlos P.
Bojesen Stig E.
Boker Lital Keinan
Bonet Gorbea Mariano
Bongard Vanina
Bonilla-Vargas Alice
Bopp Matthias
Borghs Herman
Bovet Pascal
Boyer Christopher B.
Braeckman Lutgart
Brajkovich Imperia
Branca Francesco
Breckenkamp Jürgen
Brenner Hermann
Brewster Lizzy M.
Briceno Yajaira
Brito Miguel
Bruno Graziella
Bueno Gloria
Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
Bugge Anna
Burns Con
Bursztyn Michael
Cabrera de Leon Antonio
Cacciottolo Joseph
Cadena Leticia Hernandez
Cameron Christine
Can Gunay
Candido Ana Paula C.
Capanzana Mario V.
Capkova Nadezda
Capuano Eduardo
Capuano Vincenzo
Cardoso Viviane C.
Carlsson Axel C.
Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
Carvalho Joana
Casanueva Felipe F.
Censi Laura
Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Chan Angelique W.
Chan Queenie
Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
Chaturvedi Nish
Chee Miao Li
Chen Chien-Jen
Chen Fangfang
Chen Huashuai
Chen Shuohua
Chen Zhengming
Cheng Ching-Yu
Cheraghian Bahman
Chetrit Angela
Chien Kuo-Liong
Chiolero Arnaud
Chiou Shu-Ti
Chirita-Emandi Adela
Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
Cho Belong
Christensen Kaare
Christofaro Diego G.
Chudek Jerzy
Cifkova Renata
Cifkova Renata
Cinteza Eliza
Claessens Frank
Clarke Janine
Clays Els
Cohen Emmanuel
Concin Hans
Cooper Cyrus
Coppinger Tara C.
Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
Costanzo Simona
Cottel Dominique
Cowan Melanie J.
Cowell Chris
Craig Cora L.
Crampin Amelia C.
Crujeiras Ana B.
Cruz Juan J.
Csilla Semanova
Cui Liufu
Cureau Felipe V.
Cuschieri Sarah
D'Arrigo Graziella
d'Orsi Eleonora
Dallongeville Jean
Damasceno Albertino
Damasceno Albertino
Danaei Goodarz
Danaei Goodarz
Dankner Rachel
Dantoft Thomas M.
Dauchet Luc
Davletov Kairat
De Backer Guy
De Bacquer Dirk
De Curtis Amalia
de Gaetano Giovanni
De Henauw Stefaan
de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
de Oliveira Paula Duarte
de Paiva Karina Mary
De Ridder David
De Smedt Delphine
de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
Deepa Mohan
Deev Alexander D.
DeGennaro Vincent Jr
Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
Delisle Helene
Demarest Stefaan
Dennison Elaine
Deschamps Valerie
Dhimal Meghnath
Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
Diaz Alejandro
Dickerson Ty T.
Dika Zivka
Dinc Gonul Horasan
Djalalinia Shirin
Do Ha T. P.
Dobson Annette J.
Doering Angela
Doerr Marcus
Donfrancesco Chiara
Donoso Silvana P.
Dorobantu Maria
Doua Kouamelan
Dragano Nico
Drygas Wojciech
Duante Charmaine A.
Duboz Priscilla
Duda Rosemary B.
Dulskiene Virginija
Dushpanova Anar
Dzakula Aleksandar
Dzerve Vilnis
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
Eddie Ricky
Eftekhar Ebrahim
Eggertsen Robert
Eghtesad Sareh
Eiben Gabriele
Ekelund Ulf
El Ati Jalila
El-Khateeb Mohammad
Eldemire-Shearer Denise
Eliasen Marie
Elisa Zapata Maria
Elliott Paul
Elliott Paul
Elosua Roberto
Erasmus Rajiv T.
Erbel Raimund
Erem Cihangir
Eriksen Louise
Eriksson Johan G.
Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
Eslami Saeid
Esmaeili Ali
Evans Alun
Ezzati Majid
Faeh David
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Fall Caroline H.
Faramarzi Elnaz
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Farzadfar Farshad
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Ferguson Trevor S.
Fernandes Romulo A.
Fernandez-Berges Daniel
Ferrante Daniel
Ferrao Thomas
Ferrari Marika
Ferrario Marco M.
Ferreccio Catterina
Ferreira Haroldo S.
Ferrer Eldridge
Ferrieres Jean
Figueiro Thamara Hubler
Fink Gunther
Fischer Krista
Foo Leng Huat
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Francis Damian K.
Franco Maria do Carmo
Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
Frontera Guillermo
Fuchs Flavio D.
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Fujita Yuki
Fumihiko Matsuda
Furdela Viktoriya
Furer Ariel
Furusawa Takuro
Gaciong Zbigniew
Galbarczyk Andrzej
Galenkamp Henrike
Galvano Fabio
Gao Jingli
Gao Pei
Garcia Pablo
Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
Gareta Dickman
Garnett Sarah P.
Gaspoz Jean-Michel
Gasull Magda
Gazzinelli Andrea
Gehring Ulrike
Geleijnse Johanna M.
George Ronnie
Ghanbari Ali
Ghasemi Erfan
Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
Ghimire Anup
Gialluisi Alessandro
Giampaoli Simona
Gieger Christian
Gill Tiffany K.
Giovannelli Jonathan
Gironella Glen
Giwercman Aleksander
Gkiouras Konstantinos
Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
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Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
Gomez Luis F.
Gomula Aleksandra
Goncalves Helen
Goncalves Mauer
Gonzalez Angel R.
Gonzalez-Chica David A.
Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
Gottrand Frederic
Graff-Iversen Sidsel
Grafnetter Dusan
Grajda Aneta
Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
Gregg Edward W.
Gregor Ronald D.
Grodzicki Tomasz
Grosso Giuseppe
Gruden Gabriella
Gu Dongfeng
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Gudnason Vilmundur
Guerrero Ramiro
Guessous Idris
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Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
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Gureje Oye
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Gutzwiller Felix
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Hadaegh Farzad
Haghshenas Rosa
Hakimi Hamid
Halkjaer Jytte
Hambleton Ian R.
Hamzeh Behrooz
Hange Dominique
Hanif Abu A. M.
Hantunen Sari
Hao Jie
Hardman Carla Meneses
Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
Hata Jun
Haugsgjerd Teresa
Hayes Alison J.
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He Jiang
He Yuna
Heier Margit
Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
Henrique Rafael dos Santos
Henriques Ana
Herrala Sauli
Heshmat Ramin
Hill Allan G.
Ho Sai Yin
Ho Suzanne C.
Hoang Van Minh Hoang Van Minh
Hobbs Michael
Holdsworth Michelle
Homayounfar Reza
Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
Hormiga Claudia M.
Horta Bernardo L.
Houti Leila
Howitt Christina
Htay Thein Thein
Htet Aung Soe
Htike Maung Maung Than
Hu Yonghua
Huerta Jose Maria
Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
Huiart Laetitia
Huisman Martijn
Husseini Abdullatif S.
Huybrechts Inge
Hwalla Nahla
Iacoviello Licia
Iannone Anna G.
Ibrahim Mohsen M.
Ikeda Nayu
Ikeda Nayu
Ikram M. Arfan
Iotova Violeta
Irazola Vilma E.
Ishida Takafumi
Isiguzo Godsent C.
Islam Muhammad
Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Iurilli Maria L. C.
Iwasaki Masanori
Jackson Rod T.
Jacobs Jeremy M.
Jaddou Hashem Y.
Jafar Tazeen
James Kenneth
Jamrozik Konrad
Janszky Imre
Janus Edward
Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
Jasienska Grazyna
Jelakovic Ana
Jelakovic Bojan
Jennings Garry
Jerome Charles Sossa
Jha Anjani Kumar
Jiang Chao Qiang
Jimenez Ramon O.
Joeckel Karl-Heinz
Joffres Michel
Johansson Mattias
Jokelainen Jari J.
Jonas Jost B.
Jorgensen Torben
Jose Tormo Maria
Joshi Pradeep
Joukar Farahnaz
Jozwiak Jacek
Juolevi Anne
Jurak Gregor
Juresa Vesna
Kaaks Rudolf
Kafatos Anthony
Kajantie Eero O.
Kalmatayeva Zhanna
Kalpourtzi Natasa
Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
Kampmann Freja B.
Kannan Srinivasan
Karaglani Eva
Karhus Line L.
Karki Khem B.
Katibeh Marzieh
Katz Joanne
Kauhanen Jussi
Kaur Prabhdeep
Kavousi Maryam
Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
Keil Ulrich
Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
Kelishadi Roya
Kemper Han C. G.
Kengne Andre P.
Kengne Andre P.
Keramati Maryam
Kerimkulova Alina
Kersting Mathilde
Key Timothy
Khader Yousef Saleh
Khalili Davood
Khang Young-Ho
Khang Young-Ho
Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
Khaw Kay-Tee
Kheiri Bahareh
Kheradmand Motahareh
Khosravi Alireza
Kiechl Stefan
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
Killewo Japhet
Kim Dong Wook
Kim Hyeon Chang
Kim Hyeon Chang
Kim Jeongseon
Klakk Heidi
Klimek Magdalena
Klumbiene Jurate
Knoflach Michael
Kolle Elin
Kolsteren Patrick
Kontto Jukka P.
Korpelainen Raija
Korrovits Paul
Kos Jelena
Koskinen Seppo
Kouda Katsuyasu
Kowlessur Sudhir
Koziel Slawomir
Kratenova Jana
Kriaucioniene Vilma
Kristensen Peter Lund
Krokstad Steiner
Kromhout Daan
Kruger Herculina S.
Kubinova Ruzena
Kuciene Renata
Kujala Urho M.
Kulaga Zbigniew
Kumar R. Krishna
Kumar Rachakulla Hari
Kurjata Pawel
Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
Kutsenko Vladimir
Kuulasmaa Kari
Kyobutungi Catherine
Laatikainen Tiina
Lachat Carl
Laid Youcef
Lam Tai Hing
Landrove Orlando
Lanska Vera
Lappas Georg
Larijani Bagher
Latt Tint Swe
Laxmaiah Avula
Laxmaiah Avula
Le Coroller Gwenaelle
Le Tuyen D.
Lee Jeannette
Lee Jeonghee
Lehmann Nils
Lehtimaki Terho
Lele Elysee Claude Bika
Lemogoum Daniel
Levitt Naomi S.
Lhoste Victor P. F.
Li Yanping
Lilly Christa L.
Lim Wei-Yen
Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
Lin Hsien-Ho
Lin Hsien-Ho
Lin Xu
Lin Yi-Ting
Lind Lars
Lingam Vijaya
Linneberg Allan
Lissner Lauren
Litwin Mieczyslaw
Lo Wei-Cheng
Loit Helle-Mai
Lopez Tania
Lopez-Garcia Esther
Lotufo Paulo A.
Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
Lozano Jose Eugenio
Lukrafka Janice L.
Luksiene Dalia
Lundqvist Annamari
Lundqvist Robert
Lunet Nuno
Lustigova Michala
Luszczki Edyta
Ma Guansheng
Ma Jun
Machado-Coelho George L. L.
Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
Macia Enguerran
Macieira Luisa M.
Madar Ahmed A.
Maggi Stefania
Magliano Dianna J.
Magriplis Emmanuella
Mahasampath Gowri
Maire Bernard
Majer Marjeta
Makdisse Marcia
Malekzadeh Fatemeh
Malekzadeh Reza
Malhotra Rahul
Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
Malyutina Sofia K.
Maniego Lynell V.
Manios Yannis
Mann Jim I.
Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
Manzato Enzo
Marcil Anie
Margozzini Maira Paula
Margozzini Paula
Marild Staffan B.
Marques Larissa Pruner
Marques-Vidal Pedro
Marrugat Jaume
Martorell Reynaldo
Mascarenhas Luis P.
Matasin Marija
Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
Mathur Prashant
Matijasevich Alicia
Matlosz Piotr
Matsha Tandi E.
Mavrogianni Christina
Mbanya Jean Claude N.
Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
McFarlane Shelly R.
McGarvey Stephen T.
McLachlan Stela
McLean Rachael M.
McLean Scott B.
McNulty Breige A.
Medzioniene Jurate
Mehdipour Parinaz
Mehlig Kirsten
Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
Meirhaeghe Aline
Meisinger Christa
Mendoza Montano Carlos
Menezes Ana Maria B.
Menon Geetha R.
Mereke Alibek
Meshram Indrapal I.
Metspalu Andres
Meyer Haakon E.
Mi Jie
Michels Nathalie
Mikkel Kairit
Milanovic Sanja Music
Milkowska Karolina
Miller Jody C.
Minderico Claudia S.
Mini G. K.
Miranda J. Jaime
Miranda J. Jaime
Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
Mirrakhimov Erkin
Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
Modesti Pietro A.
Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
Mohajer Bahram
Mohamed Mostafa K.
Mohamed Shukri F.
Mohammad Kazem
Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
Mohammadi Zahra
Mohammadifard Noushin
Mohammadpourhodki Reza
Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
Mohan Viswanathan
Mohanna Salim
Mohebbi Iraj
Mohebi Farnam
Moitry Marie
Mollehave Line T.
Molnar Denes
Momenan Amirabbas
Mondo Charles K.
Monterrubio-Flores Eric
Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
Moon Jin Soo
Moosazadeh Mahmood
Moreira Leila B.
Morejon Alain
Moreno Luis A.
Morgan Karen
Moschonis George
Mossakowska Malgorzata
Mostafa Aya
Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
Mota Jorge
Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
Motta Jorge
Mridha Malay K.
Msyamboza Kelias P.
Mu Thet Thet
Muhihi Alfa J.
Muiesan Maria L.
Muller-Nurasyid Martina
Murphy Neil
Mursu Jaakko
Musa Kamarul Imran
Musil Vera
Mustafa Norlaila
Nabipour Iraj
Naderimagham Shohreh
Nagel Gabriele
Naidu Balkish M.
Najafi Farid
Nakamura Harunobu
Namesna Jana
Nang Ei Ei K.
Nangia Vinay B.
Narake Sameer
Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
Neal William A.
Nejatizadeh Azim
Nenko Ilona
Neovius Martin
Neuhauser Hannelore
Neuhauser Hannelore K.
Nguyen Chung T.
Nguyen Nguyen D.
Nguyen Quang V.
Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
Niiranen Teemu J.
Nikitin Yury P.
Ninomiya Toshiharu
Nishtar Sania
Njelekela Marina A.
Noale Marianna
Noboa Oscar A.
Noorbala Ahmad Ali
Norat Teresa
Nordendahl Maria
Nordestgaard Borge G.
Noto Davide
Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
Nunes Baltazar
O'Neill Terence W.
O'Reilly Dermot
Ochimana Caleb
Oda Eiji
Odili Augustine N.
Oh Kyungwon
Ohara Kumiko
Ohtsuka Ryutaro
Olie Valerie
Olinto Maria Teresa A.
Oliveira Isabel O.
Omar Mohd Azahadi
Onat Altan
Ong Sok King
Ono Lariane M.
Ordunez Pedro
Ornelas Rui
Ortiz Pedro J.
Osmond Clive
Ostojic Sergej M.
Ostovar Afshin
Otero Johanna A.
Overvad Kim
Owusu-Dabo Ellis
Paccaud Fred Michel
Paciorek Christopher J.
Padez Cristina
Pahomova Elena
Pajak Andrzej
Palli Domenico
Palmieri Luigi
Pan Wen-Harn
Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
Panza Francesco
Paoli Mariela
Papandreou Dimitrios
Park Soon-Woo
Park Suyeon
Parnell Winsome R.
Parsaeian Mahboubeh
Pasquet Patrick
Patel Nikhil D.
Pavlyshyn Halyna
Pecin Ivan
Pednekar Mangesh S.
Pedro Joao M.
Peer Nasheeta
Peixoto Sergio Viana
Peltonen Markku
Pereira Alexandre C.
Peres Karen G. D. A.
Peres Marco A.
Peters Annette
Petkeviciene Janina
Peykari Niloofar
Pichardo Rafael N.
Pigeot Iris
Pikhart Hynek
Pilav Aida
Pilotto Lorenza
Pitakaka Freda
Piwonska Aleksandra
Pizarro Andreia N.
Plans-Rubio Pedro
Polasek Ozren
Porta Miquel
Poudyal Anil
Pourfarzi Farhad
Pourshams Akram
Poustchi Hossein
Pradeepa Rajendra
Price Alison J.
Price Jacqueline F.
Providencia Rui
Puhakka Soile E.
Puiu Maria
Punab Margus
Qasrawi Radwan F.
Qorbani Mostafa
Quang Ngoc Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen
Queiroz Daniel
Radic Ivana
Radisauskas Ricardas
Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
Rahimikazerooni Salar
Rahman Mahfuzar
Raitakari Olli
Raj Manu
Rakhimova Ellina M.
Ramachandran Ambady
Ramos Elisabete
Rampal Lekhraj
Rampal Sanjay
Rangel Reina Daniel A.
Rao Sudha Ramachandra
Rarra Vayia
Rech Cassiano Ricardo
Redon Josep
Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
Regecova Valeria
Revilla Luis
Rezaianzadeh Abbas
Ribeiro Robespierre
Riboli Elio
Richter Adrian
Rigo Fernando
Riley Leanne M.
Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
Robitaille Cynthia
Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
Roggenbuck Ulla
Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
Romaguera Dora
Romeo Elisabetta L.
Rosengren Annika
Roy Joel G. R.
Rubinstein Adolfo
Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
Ruiz-Castell Maria
Rusakova Iuliia A.
Russo Paola
Rutkowski Marcin
Sabanayagam Charumathi
Sabbaghi Hamideh
Sachdev Harshpal S.
Sadjadi Alireza
Safarpour Ali Reza
Safi Sare
Safiri Saeid
Saidi Olfa
Sakarya Sibel
Saki Nader
Salanave Benoit
Salazar Martinez Eduardo
Salmeron Diego
Salomaa Veikko
Salonen Jukka T.
Salvetti Massimo
Sanchez-Abanto Jose
Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
Sans Susana
Santos Silva Diego Augusto
Santos Diana A.
Santos Ina S.
Santos Lelita C.
Santos Maria Paula
Santos Rute
Saramies Jouko L.
Sardinha Luis B.
Sarganas Giselle
Sarrafzadegan Nizal
Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
Saum Kai-Uwe
Savin Stefan
Savva Savvas
Sawada Norie
Sbaraini Mariana
Scazufca Marcia
Schaan Beatriz D.
Schargrodsky Herman
Schipf Sabine
Schmidt Carsten O.
Schnohr Peter
Schoettker Ben
Schramm Sara
Schultsz Constance
Schutte Aletta E.
Sebert Sylvain
Sein Aye Aye
Sen Abhijit
Senbanjo Idowu O.
Sepanlou Sadaf G.
Servais Jennifer
Shalnova Svetlana A.
Shamah-Levy Teresa
Shamshirgaran Morteza
Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
Sharafkhah Maryam
Sharma Sanjib K.
Shaw Jonathan E.
Shayanrad Amaneh
Shayesteh Ali Akbar
Shi Zumin
Shibuya Kenji
Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
Shin Dong Wook
Shirani Majid
Shiri Rahman
Shrestha Namuna
Si-Ramlee Khairil
Siani Alfonso
Siantar Rosalynn
Sibai Abla M.
Simon Mary
Simons Judith
Simons Leon A.
Singleton Rosie K.
Sjostrom Michael
Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
Smeeth Liam
So Hung-Kwan
Soares Fernanda Cunha
Sobngwi Eugene
Soderberg Stefan
Soemantri Agustinus
Sofat Reecha
Solfrizzi Vincenzo
Solomon Bethlehem
Somi Mohammad Hossein
Son Thai Pham Son Thai Pham
Sonestedt Emily
Song Yi
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Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
Sorgjerd Elin P.
Soric Maroje
Soumare Aicha
Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
Sparrenberger Karen
Staessen Jan A.
Starc Gregor
Stavreski Bill
Steene-Johannessen Jostein
Stehle Peter
Stein Aryeh D.
Stergiou George S.
Stessman Jochanan
Stevens Gretchen A.
Stieber Jutta
Stocks Tanja
Stoeckl Doris
Stokwiszewski Jakub
Stronks Karien
Strufaldi Maria Wany
Suka Machi
Sun Chien-An
Sundstrom Johan
Sundstrom Johan
Sung Yn-Tz
Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
Sy Rody G.
Syddall Holly E.
Sylva Rene Charles
Szklo Moyses
Tai E. Shyong
Tammesoo Mari-Liis
Tamosiunas Abdonas
Tan Eng Joo
Tang Xun
Tanser Frank
Tao Yong
Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
Taylor Anne
Taylor Julie
Tebar William R.
Tell Grethe S.
Tello Tania
Tham Yih Chung
Thankappan K. R.
Theobald Holger
Theodoridis Xenophon
Thijs Lutgarde
Thinggaard Mikael
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Torres-Collado Laura
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Tran Quoc Bao Tran Quoc Bao
Triantafyllou Areti
Trichopoulos Dimitrios
Trichopoulou Antonia
Trinh Oanh T. H.
Trivedi Atul
Tshepo Lechaba
Tsugane Shoichiro
Tuliakova Azaliia M.
Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
Tullu Fikru
Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
Tuomilehto Jaakko
Turley Maria L.
Twig Gilad
Tynelius Per
Tzourio Christophe
Ueda Peter
Ugel Eunice
Ulmer Hanno
Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
Valdivia Gonzalo
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van den Born Bert-Jan
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van der Schouw Yvonne T.
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van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
Vanderschueren Dirk
Vanuzzo Diego
Varbo Anette
Varghese Cherian
Vasan Senthil K.
Vega Tomas
Veidebaum Toomas
Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Veronesi Giovanni
Verschuren W. M. Monique
Verstraeten Roosmarijn
Victora Cesar G.
Viet Lucie
Villalpando Salvador
Vineis Paolo
Vioque Jesus
Virtanen Jyrki K.
Visvikis-Siest Sophie
Viswanathan Bharathi
Vlasoff Tiina
Vollenweider Peter
Voutilainen Ari
Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
Wade Alisha N.
Walton Janette
Wambiya Elvis O. A.
Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
Wang Ming-Dong
Wang Ningli
Wang Qian
Wang Xiangjun
Wang Ya Xing
Wang Ying-Wei
Wannamethee S. Goya
Wareham Nicholas
Wei Wenbin
Weres Aneta
Werner Bo
Whincup Peter H.
Widhalm Kurt
Widyahening Indah S.
Widyahening Indah S.
Wiecek Andrzej
Wilks Rainford J.
Willeit Johann
Willeit Peter
Williams Emmanuel A.
Wilsgaard Tom
Wojtyniak Bogdan
Wong Andrew
Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
Wong Tien Yin
Wong-McClure Roy A.
Woo Jean
Woodward Mark
Woodward Mark
Wu Frederick C.
Wu Shouling
Wyszynska Justyna
Xu Haiquan
Xu Liang
Yaacob Nor Azwany
Yan Weili
Yang Ling
Yang Xiaoguang
Yang Yang
Yasuharu Tabara
Ye Xingwang
Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
Yoosefi Moein
Yoshihara Akihiro
You San-Lin
Younger-Coleman Novie O.
Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
Zainuddin Ahmad A.
Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
Zamani Farhad
Zambon Sabina
Zampelas Antonis
Zaw Ko Ko
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zejglicova Kristyna
Zeng Yi
Zhang Luxia
Zhang Zhen-Yu
Zhao Dong
Zhao Ming-Hui
Zhen Shiqi
Zheng Yingfeng
Zholdin Bekbolat
Zhou Bin
Zhu Dan
Zins Marie
Zitt Emanuel
Zocalo Yanina
Zoghlami Nada
Zuniga Cisneros Julio
Publication venue: 'Elsevier BV'
Publication date: 01/01/2021
Field of study

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa

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Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università dell'Insubria

Julkari

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Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet - Academic Archive On-line

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Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet

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Publikationer från Högskolan i Skövde

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Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (hbz)

Institutional Research Information System University of Turin

Oskar Bordeaux

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Abarca-Gomez Leandra
Abdeen Ziad A.
Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
Adams Robert J.
Aekplakorn Wichai
Afsana Kaosar
Afzal Shoaib
Agdeppa Imelda A.
Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
Agyemang Charles
Ahmad Noor Ani
Ahmadi Ali
Ahmadi Naser
Ahmadi Nastaran
Ahmadizar Fariba
Ahmed Soheir H.
Ahrens Wolfgang
Ajlouni Kamel
Al Nsour Mohannad
Al-Raddadi Rajaa
Alarouj Monira
AlBuhairan Fadia
AlDhukair Shahla
Ali Mohamed M.
Alkandari Abdullah
Alkerwi Ala'a
Allin Kristine
Aly Eman
Amarapurkar Deepak N.
Amougou Norbert
Amouyel Philippe
Andersen Lars Bo
Anderssen Sigmund A.
Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
Anjana Ranjit Mohan
Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
Ansong Daniel
Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
Araujo Joana
Ariansen Inger
Aris Tahir
Arku Raphael E.
Arlappa Nimmathota
Aryal Krishna K.
Aspelund Thor
Assah Felix K.
Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
Auvinen Juha
Avdicova Maria
Azevedo Ana
Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
Azizi Fereidoun
Azmin Mehrdad
Babu Bontha V.
Bahijri Suhad
Balakrishna Nagalla
Balanova Yulia
Balanova Yulia
Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
Banach Maciej
Banadinovic Maja
Bandosz Piotr
Banegas Jose R.
Bao Khanh Le Nguyen
Bao Tran Quoc
Baran Joanna
Barbagallo Carlo M.
Barcelo Alberto
Barkat Amina
Barreto Marta
Barros Aluisio J. D.
Bartosiewicz Anna
Basit Abdul
Bastos Joao Luiz D.
Bata Iqbal
Batieha Anwar M.
Batyrbek Assembekov
Baur Louise A.
Beaglehole Robert
Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
Belavendra Antonisamy
Ben Romdhane Habiba
Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
Benet Mikhail
Bennett James E.
Bennett James E.
Benson Lowell S.
Berkinbayev Salim
Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
Bettiol Heloisa
Bezerra Jorge
Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
Bhargava Santosh K.
Bia Daniel
Biasch Katia
Bikbov Mukharram M.
Bista Bihungum
Bjerregaard Peter
Bjertness Espen
Bjertness Marius B.
Bjorkelund Cecilia
Bloch Katia V.
Blokstra Anneke
Bo Simona
Bobak Martin
Boeing Heiner
Boggia Jose G.
Boissonnet Carlos P.
Bojesen Stig E.
Boker Lital Keinan
Bonet Gorbea Mariano
Bongard Vanina
Bonilla-Vargas Alice
Bopp Matthias
Borghs Herman
Bovet Pascal
Boyer Christopher B.
Braeckman Lutgart
Brajkovich Imperia
Branca Francesco
Breckenkamp Juergen
Brenner Hermann
Brewster Lizzy M.
Briceno Yajaira
Brito Miguel
Bruno Graziella
Bueno Gloria
Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
Bugge Anna
Burns Con
Bursztyn Michael
Cabrera de Leon Antonio
Cacciottolo Joseph
Cadena Leticia Hernandez
Cameron Christine
Can Gunay
Candido Ana Paula C.
Capanzana Mario V.
Capkova Nadezda
Capuano Eduardo
Capuano Vincenzo
Cardoso Viviane C.
Carlsson Axel C.
Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
Carvalho Joana
Casanueva Felipe F.
Censi Laura
Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Chan Angelique W.
Chan Queenie
Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
Chaturvedi Nish
Chee Miao Li
Chen Chien-Jen
Chen Fangfang
Chen Huashuai
Chen Shuohua
Chen Zhengming
Cheng Ching-Yu
Cheraghian Bahman
Chetrit Angela
Chien Kuo-Liong
Chiolero Arnaud
Chiou Shu-Ti
Chirita-Emandi Adela
Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
Cho Belong
Christensen Kaare
Christofaro Diego G.
Chudek Jerzy
Cifkova Renata
Cifkova Renata
Cinteza Eliza
Claessens Frank
Clarke Janine
Clays Els
Cohen Emmanuel
Collaboration NCD Risk Factor
Concin Hans
Cooper Cyrus
Coppinger Tara C.
Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
Costanzo Simona
Cottel Dominique
Cowan Melanie J.
Cowell Chris
Craig Cora L.
Crampin Amelia C.
Crujeiras Ana B.
Cruz Juan J.
Csilla Semanova
Cui Liufu
Cureau Felipe V.
Cuschieri Sarah
D'Arrigo Graziella
d'Orsi Eleonora
Dallongeville Jean
Damasceno Albertino
Damasceno Albertino
Danaei Goodarz
Danaei Goodarz
Dankner Rachel
Dantoft Thomas M.
Dauchet Luc
Davletov Kairat
De Backer Guy
De Bacquer Dirk
De Curtis Amalia
de Gaetano Giovanni
De Henauw Stefaan
de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
de Oliveira Paula Duarte
de Paiva Karina Mary
De Ridder David
De Smedt Delphine
de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
Deepa Mohan
Deev Alexander D.
DeGennaro Vincent Jr
Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
Delisle Helene
Demarest Stefaan
Dennison Elaine
Deschamps Valerie
Dhimal Meghnath
Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
Diaz Alejandro
Dickerson Ty T.
Dika Zivka
Dinc Gonul Horasan
Djalalinia Shirin
Do Ha T. P.
Dobson Annette J.
Doering Angela
Doerr Marcus
Donfrancesco Chiara
Donoso Silvana P.
Dorobantu Maria
Doua Kouamelan
Dragano Nico
Drygas Wojciech
Duante Charmaine A.
Duboz Priscilla
Duda Rosemary B.
Dulskiene Virginija
Dushpanova Anar
Dzakula Aleksandar
Dzerve Vilnis
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
Eddie Ricky
Eftekhar Ebrahim
Eggertsen Robert
Eghtesad Sareh
Eiben Gabriele
Ekelund Ulf
El Ati Jalila
El-Khateeb Mohammad
Eldemire-Shearer Denise
Eliasen Marie
Elisa Zapata Maria
Elliott Paul
Elliott Paul
Elosua Roberto
Erasmus Rajiv T.
Erbel Raimund
Erem Cihangir
Eriksen Louise
Eriksson Johan G.
Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
Eslami Saeid
Esmaeili Ali
Evans Alun
Ezzati Majid
Faeh David
Fakhretdinova Albina A.
Fall Caroline H.
Faramarzi Elnaz
Farjam Mojtaba
Farzadfar Farshad
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Fattahi Mohammad Reza
Fawwad Asher
Felix Stephan B.
Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
Ferguson Trevor S.
Fernandes Romulo A.
Fernandez-Berges Daniel
Ferrante Daniel
Ferrao Thomas
Ferrari Marika
Ferrario Marco M.
Ferreccio Catterina
Ferreira Haroldo S.
Ferrer Eldridge
Ferrieres Jean
Figueiro Thamara Hubler
Fink Gunther
Fischer Krista
Foo Leng Huat
Forsner Maria
Fouad Heba M.
Francis Damian K.
Franco Maria do Carmo
Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
Frontera Guillermo
Fuchs Flavio D.
Fuchs Sandra C.
Fujita Yuki
Fumihiko Matsuda
Furdela Viktoriya
Furer Ariel
Furusawa Takuro
Gaciong Zbigniew
Galbarczyk Andrzej
Galenkamp Henrike
Galvano Fabio
Gao Jingli
Gao Pei
Garcia Pablo
Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
Gareta Dickman
Garnett Sarah P.
Gaspoz Jean-Michel
Gasull Magda
Gazzinelli Andrea
Gehring Ulrike
Geleijnse Johanna M.
George Ronnie
Ghanbari Ali
Ghasemi Erfan
Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
Ghimire Anup
Gialluisi Alessandro
Giampaoli Simona
Gieger Christian
Gill Tiffany K.
Giovannelli Jonathan
Gironella Glen
Giwercman Aleksander
Gkiouras Konstantinos
Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
Goldberg Marcel
Goldsmith Rebecca A.
Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
Gomez Luis F.
Gomula Aleksandra
Goncalves Helen
Goncalves Mauer
Gonzalez Angel R.
Gonzalez-Chica David A.
Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
Gottrand Frederic
Graff-Iversen Sidsel
Grafnetter Dusan
Grajda Aneta
Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
Gregg Edward W.
Gregor Ronald D.
Grodzicki Tomasz
Grosso Giuseppe
Gruden Gabriella
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Guerrero Ramiro
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Ha Seongjun
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Hakimi Hamid
Halkjaer Jytte
Hambleton Ian R.
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Hange Dominique
Hanif Abu A. M.
Hantunen Sari
Hao Jie
Hardman Carla Meneses
Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
Hata Jun
Haugsgjerd Teresa
Hayes Alison J.
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He Yuna
Heier Margit
Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
Henrique Rafael dos Santos
Henriques Ana
Herrala Sauli
Heshmat Ramin
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Holdsworth Michelle
Homayounfar Reza
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Houti Leila
Howitt Christina
Htay Thein Thein
Htet Aung Soe
Htike Maung Maung Than
Hu Yonghua
Huerta Jose Maria
Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
Huiart Laetitia
Huisman Martijn
Husseini Abdullatif S.
Huybrechts Inge
Hwalla Nahla
Iacoviello Licia
Iannone Anna G.
Ibrahim Mohsen M.
Ikeda Nayu
Ikeda Nayu
Ikram M. Arfan
Iotova Violeta
Irazola Vilma E.
Ishida Takafumi
Isiguzo Godsent C.
Islam Muhammad
Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Iurilli Maria L. C.
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Jacobs Jeremy M.
Jaddou Hashem Y.
Jafar Tazeen
James Kenneth
Jamrozik Konrad
Janszky Imre
Janus Edward
Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
Jasienska Grazyna
Jelakovic Ana
Jelakovic Bojan
Jennings Garry
Jerome Charles Sossa
Jha Anjani Kumar
Jiang Chao Qiang
Jimenez Ramon O.
Joeckel Karl-Heinz
Joffres Michel
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Jose Tormo Maria
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Joukar Farahnaz
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Juolevi Anne
Jurak Gregor
Juresa Vesna
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Kalpourtzi Natasa
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Kheiri Bahareh
Kheradmand Motahareh
Khosravi Alireza
Kiechl Stefan
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
Killewo Japhet
Kim Dong Wook
Kim Hyeon Chang
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Kim Jeongseon
Klakk Heidi
Klimek Magdalena
Klumbiene Jurate
Knoflach Michael
Kolle Elin
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Kontto Jukka P.
Korpelainen Raija
Korrovits Paul
Kos Jelena
Koskinen Seppo
Kouda Katsuyasu
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Kriaucioniene Vilma
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Kyobutungi Catherine
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Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
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Russo Paola
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Sachdev Harshpal S.
Sadjadi Alireza
Safarpour Ali Reza
Safi Sare
Safiri Saeid
Saidi Olfa
Sakarya Sibel
Saki Nader
Salanave Benoit
Salazar Martinez Eduardo
Salmeron Diego
Salomaa Veikko
Salonen Jukka T.
Salvetti Massimo
Sanchez-Abanto Jose
Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
Sans Susana
Santos Silva Diego Augusto
Santos Diana A.
Santos Ina S.
Santos Lelita C.
Santos Maria Paula
Santos Rute
Saramies Jouko L.
Sardinha Luis B.
Sarganas Giselle
Sarrafzadegan Nizal
Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
Saum Kai-Uwe
Savin Stefan
Savva Savvas
Sawada Norie
Sbaraini Mariana
Scazufca Marcia
Schaan Beatriz D.
Schargrodsky Herman
Schipf Sabine
Schmidt Carsten O.
Schnohr Peter
Schoettker Ben
Schramm Sara
Schultsz Constance
Schutte Aletta E.
Sebert Sylvain
Sein Aye Aye
Sen Abhijit
Senbanjo Idowu O.
Sepanlou Sadaf G.
Servais Jennifer
Shalnova Svetlana A.
Shamah-Levy Teresa
Shamshirgaran Morteza
Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
Sharafkhah Maryam
Sharma Sanjib K.
Shaw Jonathan E.
Shayanrad Amaneh
Shayesteh Ali Akbar
Shi Zumin
Shibuya Kenji
Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
Shin Dong Wook
Shirani Majid
Shiri Rahman
Shrestha Namuna
Si-Ramlee Khairil
Siani Alfonso
Siantar Rosalynn
Sibai Abla M.
Simon Mary
Simons Judith
Simons Leon A.
Singleton Rosie K.
Sjostrom Michael
Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
Smeeth Liam
So Hung-Kwan
Soares Fernanda Cunha
Sobngwi Eugene
Soderberg Stefan
Soemantri Agustinus
Sofat Reecha
Solfrizzi Vincenzo
Solomon Bethlehem
Somi Mohammad Hossein
Sonestedt Emily
Song Yi
Sophiea Marisa K.
Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
Sorgjerd Elin P.
Soric Maroje
Soumare Aicha
Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
Sparrenberger Karen
Staessen Jan A.
Starc Gregor
Stavreski Bill
Steene-Johannessen Jostein
Stehle Peter
Stein Aryeh D.
Stergiou George S.
Stessman Jochanan
Stevens Gretchen A.
Stieber Jutta
Stocks Tanja
Stoeckl Doris
Stokwiszewski Jakub
Stronks Karien
Strufaldi Maria Wany
Suka Machi
Sun Chien-An
Sundstrom Johan
Sundstrom Johan
Sung Yn-Tz
Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
Sy Rody G.
Syddall Holly E.
Sylva Rene Charles
Szklo Moyses
Tai E. Shyong
Tammesoo Mari-Liis
Tamosiunas Abdonas
Tan Eng Joo
Tang Xun
Tanser Frank
Tao Yong
Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
Taylor Anne
Taylor Julie
Tebar William R.
Tell Grethe S.
Tello Tania
Tham Yih Chung
Thankappan K. R.
Theobald Holger
Theodoridis Xenophon
Thijs Lutgarde
Thinggaard Mikael
Thomas Nihal
Thorand Barbara
Thuesen Betina H.
Timmermans Erik J.
Tjandrarini Dwi H.
Tjonneland Anne
Toft Ulla
Tolonen Hanna K.
Tolstrup Janne S.
Topbas Murat
Topor-Madry Roman
Tornaritis Michael J.
Torrent Maties
Torres-Collado Laura
Touloumi Giota
Traissac Pierre
Triantafyllou Areti
Trichopoulos Dimitrios
Trichopoulou Antonia
Trinh Oanh T. H.
Trivedi Atul
Tshepo Lechaba
Tsugane Shoichiro
Tuliakova Azaliia M.
Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
Tullu Fikru
Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
Tuomilehto Jaakko
Turley Maria L.
Twig Gilad
Tynelius Per
Tzourio Christophe
Ueda Peter
Ugel Eunice
Ulmer Hanno
Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
Valdivia Gonzalo
Valvi Damaskini
van Dam Rob M.
van den Born Bert-Jan
Van der Heyden Johan
van der Schouw Yvonne T.
Van Herck Koen
Van Schoor Natasja M.
van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
Vanderschueren Dirk
Vanuzzo Diego
Varbo Anette
Varghese Cherian
Vasan Senthil K.
Vega Tomas
Veidebaum Toomas
Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Veronesi Giovanni
Verschuren W. M. Monique
Verstraeten Roosmarijn
Victora Cesar G.
Viet Lucie
Villalpando Salvador
Vineis Paolo
Vioque Jesus
Virtanen Jyrki K.
Visvikis-Siest Sophie
Viswanathan Bharathi
Vlasoff Tiina
Vollenweider Peter
Voutilainen Ari
Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
Wade Alisha N.
Walton Janette
Wambiya Elvis O. A.
Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
Wang Ming-Dong
Wang Ningli
Wang Qian
Wang Xiangjun
Wang Ya Xing
Wang Ying-Wei
Wannamethee S. Goya
Wareham Nicholas
Wei Wenbin
Weres Aneta
Werner Bo
Whincup Peter H.
Widhalm Kurt
Widyahening Indah S.
Widyahening Indah S.
Wiecek Andrzej
Wilks Rainford J.
Willeit Johann
Willeit Peter
Williams Emmanuel A.
Wilsgaard Tom
Wojtyniak Bogdan
Wong Andrew
Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
Wong Tien Yin
Wong-McClure Roy A.
Woo Jean
Woodward Mark
Woodward Mark
Wu Frederick C.
Wu Shouling
Wyszynska Justyna
Xu Haiquan
Xu Liang
Yaacob Nor Azwany
Yan Weili
Yang Ling
Yang Xiaoguang
Yang Yang
Yasuharu Tabara
Ye Xingwang
Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
Yoosefi Moein
Yoshihara Akihiro
You San-Lin
Younger-Coleman Novie O.
Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
Zainuddin Ahmad A.
Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
Zamani Farhad
Zambon Sabina
Zampelas Antonis
Zaw Ko Ko
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zejglicova Kristyna
Zeng Yi
Zhang Luxia
Zhang Zhen-Yu
Zhao Dong
Zhao Ming-Hui
Zhen Shiqi
Zheng Yingfeng
Zholdin Bekbolat
Zhou Bin
Zhu Dan
Zins Marie
Zitt Emanuel
Zocalo Yanina
Zoghlami Nada
Zuniga Cisneros Julio
Publication venue: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
Publication date: 01/01/2021
Field of study

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

shahrekord university of medical scinces

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Abarca-Gomez Leandra
Abdeen Ziad A.
Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
Adams Robert J.
Aekplakorn Wichai
Afsana Kaosar
Afzal Shoaib
Agdeppa Imelda A.
Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
Agyemang Charles
Ahmad Noor Ani
Ahmadi Ali
Ahmadi Naser
Ahmadi Nastaran
Ahmadizar Fariba
Ahmed Soheir H.
Ahrens Wolfgang
Ajlouni Kamel
Al Nsour Mohannad
Al-Raddadi Rajaa
Alarouj Monira
AlBuhairan Fadia
AlDhukair Shahla
Ali Mohamed M.
Alkandari Abdullah
Alkerwi Ala'a
Allin Kristine
Aly Eman
Amarapurkar Deepak N.
Amougou Norbert
Amouyel Philippe
Andersen Lars Bo
Anderssen Sigmund A.
Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
Anjana Ranjit Mohan
Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
Ansong Daniel
Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
Araujo Joana
Ariansen Inger
Aris Tahir
Arku Raphael E.
Arlappa Nimmathota
Aryal Krishna K.
Aspelund Thor
Assah Felix K.
Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
Auvinen Juha
Avdicova Maria
Azevedo Ana
Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
Azizi Fereidoun
Azmin Mehrdad
Babu Bontha V.
Bahijri Suhad
Balakrishna Nagalla
Balanova Yulia
Balanova Yulia
Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
Banach Maciej
Banadinovic Maja
Bandosz Piotr
Banegas Jose R.
Baran Joanna
Barbagallo Carlo M.
Barcelo Alberto
Barkat Amina
Barreto Marta
Barros Aluisio J. D.
Bartosiewicz Anna
Basit Abdul
Bastos Joao Luiz D.
Bata Iqbal
Batieha Anwar M.
Batyrbek Assembekov
Baur Louise A.
Beaglehole Robert
Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
Belavendra Antonisamy
Ben Romdhane Habiba
Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
Benet Mikhail
Bennett James E.
Bennett James E.
Benson Lowell S.
Berkinbayev Salim
Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
Bettiol Heloisa
Bezerra Jorge
Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
Bhargava Santosh K.
Bia Daniel
Biasch Katia
Bikbov Mukharram M.
Bista Bihungum
Bjerregaard Peter
Bjertness Espen
Bjertness Marius B.
Bjorkelund Cecilia
Bloch Katia V.
Blokstra Anneke
Bo Simona
Bobak Martin
Boeing Heiner
Boggia Jose G.
Boissonnet Carlos P.
Bojesen Stig E.
Boker Lital Keinan
Bonet Gorbea Mariano
Bongard Vanina
Bonilla-Vargas Alice
Bopp Matthias
Borghs Herman
Bovet Pascal
Boyer Christopher B.
Braeckman Lutgart
Brajkovich Imperia
Branca Francesco
Breckenkamp Jürgen
Brenner Hermann
Brewster Lizzy M.
Briceno Yajaira
Brito Miguel
Bruno Graziella
Bueno Gloria
Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
Bugge Anna
Burns Con
Bursztyn Michael
Cabrera de Leon Antonio
Cacciottolo Joseph
Cadena Leticia Hernandez
Cameron Christine
Can Gunay
Candido Ana Paula C.
Capanzana Mario V.
Capkova Nadezda
Capuano Eduardo
Capuano Vincenzo
Cardoso Viviane C.
Carlsson Axel C.
Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
Carvalho Joana
Casanueva Felipe F.
Censi Laura
Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Chan Angelique W.
Chan Queenie
Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
Chaturvedi Nish
Chee Miao Li
Chen Chien-Jen
Chen Fangfang
Chen Huashuai
Chen Shuohua
Chen Zhengming
Cheng Ching-Yu
Cheraghian Bahman
Chetrit Angela
Chien Kuo-Liong
Chiolero Arnaud
Chiou Shu-Ti
Chirita-Emandi Adela
Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
Cho Belong
Christensen Kaare
Christofaro Diego G.
Chudek Jerzy
Cifkova Renata
Cifkova Renata
Cinteza Eliza
Claessens Frank
Clarke Janine
Clays Els
Cohen Emmanuel
Concin Hans
Cooper Cyrus
Coppinger Tara C.
Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
Costanzo Simona
Cottel Dominique
Cowan Melanie J.
Cowell Chris
Craig Cora L.
Crampin Amelia C.
Crujeiras Ana B.
Cruz Juan J.
Csilla Semanova
Cui Liufu
Cureau Felipe V.
Cuschieri Sarah
D'Arrigo Graziella
d'Orsi Eleonora
Dallongeville Jean
Damasceno Albertino
Damasceno Albertino
Danaei Goodarz
Danaei Goodarz
Dankner Rachel
Dantoft Thomas M.
Dauchet Luc
Davletov Kairat
De Backer Guy
De Bacquer Dirk
De Curtis Amalia
de Gaetano Giovanni
De Henauw Stefaan
de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
de Oliveira Paula Duarte
de Paiva Karina Mary
De Ridder David
De Smedt Delphine
de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
Deepa Mohan
Deev Alexander D.
DeGennaro Vincent Jr
Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
Delisle Helene
Demarest Stefaan
Dennison Elaine
Deschamps Valerie
Dhimal Meghnath
Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
Diaz Alejandro
Dickerson Ty T.
Dika Zivka
Dinc Gonul Horasan
Djalalinia Shirin
Do Ha T. P.
Dobson Annette J.
Doering Angela
Doerr Marcus
Donfrancesco Chiara
Donoso Silvana P.
Dorobantu Maria
Doua Kouamelan
Dragano Nico
Drygas Wojciech
Duante Charmaine A.
Duboz Priscilla
Duda Rosemary B.
Dulskiene Virginija
Dushpanova Anar
Dzakula Aleksandar
Dzerve Vilnis
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
Eddie Ricky
Eftekhar Ebrahim
Eggertsen Robert
Eghtesad Sareh
Eiben Gabriele
Ekelund Ulf
El Ati Jalila
El-Khateeb Mohammad
Eldemire-Shearer Denise
Eliasen Marie
Elisa Zapata Maria
Elliott Paul
Elliott Paul
Elosua Roberto
Erasmus Rajiv T.
Erbel Raimund
Erem Cihangir
Eriksen Louise
Eriksson Johan G.
Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
Eslami Saeid
Esmaeili Ali
Evans Alun
Ezzati Majid
Faeh David
Fakhretdinova Albina A.
Fall Caroline H.
Faramarzi Elnaz
Farjam Mojtaba
Farzadfar Farshad
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Fattahi Mohammad Reza
Fawwad Asher
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Ferguson Trevor S.
Fernandes Romulo A.
Fernandez-Berges Daniel
Ferrante Daniel
Ferrao Thomas
Ferrari Marika
Ferrario Marco M.
Ferreccio Catterina
Ferreira Haroldo S.
Ferrer Eldridge
Ferrieres Jean
Figueiro Thamara Hubler
Fink Gunther
Fischer Krista
Foo Leng Huat
Forsner Maria
Fouad Heba M.
Francis Damian K.
Franco Maria do Carmo
Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
Frontera Guillermo
Fuchs Flavio D.
Fuchs Sandra C.
Fujita Yuki
Fumihiko Matsuda
Furdela Viktoriya
Furer Ariel
Furusawa Takuro
Gaciong Zbigniew
Galbarczyk Andrzej
Galenkamp Henrike
Galvano Fabio
Gao Jingli
Gao Pei
Garcia Pablo
Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
Gareta Dickman
Garnett Sarah P.
Gaspoz Jean-Michel
Gasull Magda
Gazzinelli Andrea
Gehring Ulrike
Geleijnse Johanna M.
George Ronnie
Ghanbari Ali
Ghasemi Erfan
Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
Ghimire Anup
Gialluisi Alessandro
Giampaoli Simona
Gieger Christian
Gill Tiffany K.
Giovannelli Jonathan
Gironella Glen
Giwercman Aleksander
Gkiouras Konstantinos
Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
Goldberg Marcel
Goldsmith Rebecca A.
Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
Gomez Luis F.
Gomula Aleksandra
Goncalves Helen
Goncalves Mauer
Gonzalez Angel R.
Gonzalez-Chica David A.
Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
Gottrand Frederic
Graff-Iversen Sidsel
Grafnetter Dusan
Grajda Aneta
Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
Gregg Edward W.
Gregor Ronald D.
Grodzicki Tomasz
Grosso Giuseppe
Gruden Gabriella
Gu Dongfeng
Guan Ong Peng
Gudmundsson Elias F.
Gudnason Vilmundur
Guerrero Ramiro
Guessous Idris
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Gulliford Martin C.
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Gunter Marc J.
Gupta Prakash C.
Gupta Rajeev
Gureje Oye
Gurzkowska Beata
Gutierrez Laura
Gutzwiller Felix
Ha Seongjun
Hadaegh Farzad
Haghshenas Rosa
Hakimi Hamid
Halkjaer Jytte
Hambleton Ian R.
Hamzeh Behrooz
Hange Dominique
Hanif Abu A. M.
Hantunen Sari
Hao Jie
Hardman Carla Meneses
Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
Hata Jun
Haugsgjerd Teresa
Hayes Alison J.
He Jiang
He Jiang
He Yuna
Heier Margit
Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
Henrique Rafael dos Santos
Henriques Ana
Herrala Sauli
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Ho Suzanne C.
Hoang Van Minh Hoang Van Minh
Hobbs Michael
Holdsworth Michelle
Homayounfar Reza
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Horta Bernardo L.
Houti Leila
Howitt Christina
Htay Thein Thein
Htet Aung Soe
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Hu Yonghua
Huerta Jose Maria
Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
Huiart Laetitia
Huisman Martijn
Husseini Abdullatif S.
Huybrechts Inge
Hwalla Nahla
Iacoviello Licia
Iannone Anna G.
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Ikeda Nayu
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Iotova Violeta
Irazola Vilma E.
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Islam Muhammad
Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Iurilli Maria L. C.
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Jackson Rod T.
Jacobs Jeremy M.
Jaddou Hashem Y.
Jafar Tazeen
James Kenneth
Jamrozik Konrad
Janszky Imre
Janus Edward
Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
Jasienska Grazyna
Jelakovic Ana
Jelakovic Bojan
Jennings Garry
Jerome Charles Sossa
Jha Anjani Kumar
Jiang Chao Qiang
Jimenez Ramon O.
Joeckel Karl-Heinz
Joffres Michel
Johansson Mattias
Jokelainen Jari J.
Jonas Jost B.
Jorgensen Torben
Jose Tormo Maria
Joshi Pradeep
Joukar Farahnaz
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Juolevi Anne
Jurak Gregor
Juresa Vesna
Kaaks Rudolf
Kafatos Anthony
Kajantie Eero O.
Kalmatayeva Zhanna
Kalpourtzi Natasa
Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
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Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
Kelishadi Roya
Kemper Han C. G.
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Keramati Maryam
Kerimkulova Alina
Kersting Mathilde
Key Timothy
Khader Yousef Saleh
Khalili Davood
Khang Young-Ho
Khang Young-Ho
Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
Khaw Kay-Tee
Kheiri Bahareh
Kheradmand Motahareh
Khosravi Alireza
Kiechl Stefan
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
Killewo Japhet
Kim Dong Wook
Kim Hyeon Chang
Kim Hyeon Chang
Kim Jeongseon
Klakk Heidi
Klimek Magdalena
Klumbiene Jurate
Knoflach Michael
Kolle Elin
Kolsteren Patrick
Kontto Jukka P.
Korpelainen Raija
Korrovits Paul
Kos Jelena
Koskinen Seppo
Kouda Katsuyasu
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Kriaucioniene Vilma
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Krokstad Steiner
Kromhout Daan
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Kubinova Ruzena
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Kujala Urho M.
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Kyobutungi Catherine
Laatikainen Tiina
Lachat Carl
Laid Youcef
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Landrove Orlando
Lanska Vera
Lappas Georg
Larijani Bagher
Latt Tint Swe
Laxmaiah Avula
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Le Coroller Gwenaelle
Le Tuyen D.
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Lehmann Nils
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Lemogoum Daniel
Levitt Naomi S.
Lhoste Victor P. F.
Li Yanping
Lilly Christa L.
Lim Wei-Yen
Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
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Lin Yi-Ting
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Lingam Vijaya
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Lissner Lauren
Litwin Mieczyslaw
Lo Wei-Cheng
Loit Helle-Mai
Lopez Tania
Lopez-Garcia Esther
Lotufo Paulo A.
Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
Lozano Jose Eugenio
Lukrafka Janice L.
Luksiene Dalia
Lundqvist Annamari
Lundqvist Robert
Lunet Nuno
Lustigova Michala
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Macia Enguerran
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Madar Ahmed A.
Maggi Stefania
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Magriplis Emmanuella
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Maniego Lynell V.
Manios Yannis
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Marcil Anie
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Marques Larissa Pruner
Marques-Vidal Pedro
Marrugat Jaume
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Matasin Marija
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Medzioniene Jurate
Mehdipour Parinaz
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Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
Meirhaeghe Aline
Meisinger Christa
Mendoza Montano Carlos
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Noto Davide
Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
Nunes Baltazar
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O'Reilly Dermot
Ochimana Caleb
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Ohtsuka Ryutaro
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Palmieri Luigi
Pan Wen-Harn
Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
Panza Francesco
Paoli Mariela
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Park Soon-Woo
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Parsaeian Mahboubeh
Pasquet Patrick
Patel Nikhil D.
Pavlyshyn Halyna
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Peixoto Sergio Viana
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Providencia Rui
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Puiu Maria
Punab Margus
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Qorbani Mostafa
Quang Ngoc Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen
Queiroz Daniel
Radic Ivana
Radisauskas Ricardas
Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
Rahimikazerooni Salar
Rahman Mahfuzar
Raitakari Olli
Raj Manu
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Ramachandran Ambady
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Rao Sudha Ramachandra
Rarra Vayia
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Redon Josep
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Regecova Valeria
Revilla Luis
Rezaianzadeh Abbas
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Rigo Fernando
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Robitaille Cynthia
Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
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Romaguera Dora
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Sachdev Harshpal S.
Sadjadi Alireza
Safarpour Ali Reza
Safi Sare
Safiri Saeid
Saidi Olfa
Sakarya Sibel
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Salanave Benoit
Salazar Martinez Eduardo
Salmeron Diego
Salomaa Veikko
Salonen Jukka T.
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Sans Susana
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Santos Maria Paula
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Sarganas Giselle
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Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
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Sbaraini Mariana
Scazufca Marcia
Schaan Beatriz D.
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Schipf Sabine
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Schnohr Peter
Schoettker Ben
Schramm Sara
Schultsz Constance
Schutte Aletta E.
Sebert Sylvain
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Sen Abhijit
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Shalnova Svetlana A.
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Shamshirgaran Morteza
Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
Sharafkhah Maryam
Sharma Sanjib K.
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Shayanrad Amaneh
Shayesteh Ali Akbar
Shi Zumin
Shibuya Kenji
Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
Shin Dong Wook
Shirani Majid
Shiri Rahman
Shrestha Namuna
Si-Ramlee Khairil
Siani Alfonso
Siantar Rosalynn
Sibai Abla M.
Simon Mary
Simons Judith
Simons Leon A.
Singleton Rosie K.
Sjostrom Michael
Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
Smeeth Liam
So Hung-Kwan
Soares Fernanda Cunha
Sobngwi Eugene
Soderberg Stefan
Soemantri Agustinus
Sofat Reecha
Solfrizzi Vincenzo
Solomon Bethlehem
Somi Mohammad Hossein
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Sonestedt Emily
Song Yi
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Stieber Jutta
Stocks Tanja
Stoeckl Doris
Stokwiszewski Jakub
Stronks Karien
Strufaldi Maria Wany
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Sun Chien-An
Sundstrom Johan
Sundstrom Johan
Sung Yn-Tz
Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
Sy Rody G.
Syddall Holly E.
Sylva Rene Charles
Szklo Moyses
Tai E. Shyong
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Tao Yong
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Taylor Julie
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Tello Tania
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Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Veronesi Giovanni
Verschuren W. M. Monique
Verstraeten Roosmarijn
Victora Cesar G.
Viet Lucie
Villalpando Salvador
Vineis Paolo
Vioque Jesus
Virtanen Jyrki K.
Visvikis-Siest Sophie
Viswanathan Bharathi
Vlasoff Tiina
Vollenweider Peter
Voutilainen Ari
Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
Wade Alisha N.
Walton Janette
Wambiya Elvis O. A.
Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
Wang Ming-Dong
Wang Ningli
Wang Qian
Wang Xiangjun
Wang Ya Xing
Wang Ying-Wei
Wannamethee S. Goya
Wareham Nicholas
Wei Wenbin
Weres Aneta
Werner Bo
Whincup Peter H.
Widhalm Kurt
Widyahening Indah S.
Widyahening Indah S.
Wiecek Andrzej
Wilks Rainford J.
Willeit Johann
Willeit Peter
Williams Emmanuel A.
Wilsgaard Tom
Wojtyniak Bogdan
Wong Andrew
Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
Wong Tien Yin
Wong-McClure Roy A.
Woo Jean
Woodward Mark
Woodward Mark
Wu Frederick C.
Wu Shouling
Wyszynska Justyna
Xu Haiquan
Xu Liang
Yaacob Nor Azwany
Yan Weili
Yang Ling
Yang Xiaoguang
Yang Yang
Yasuharu Tabara
Ye Xingwang
Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
Yoosefi Moein
Yoshihara Akihiro
You San-Lin
Younger-Coleman Novie O.
Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
Zainuddin Ahmad A.
Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
Zamani Farhad
Zambon Sabina
Zampelas Antonis
Zaw Ko Ko
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zejglicova Kristyna
Zeng Yi
Zhang Luxia
Zhang Zhen-Yu
Zhao Dong
Zhao Ming-Hui
Zhen Shiqi
Zheng Yingfeng
Zholdin Bekbolat
Zhou Bin
Zhu Dan
Zins Marie
Zitt Emanuel
Zocalo Yanina
Zoghlami Nada
Zuniga Cisneros Julio
Publication venue: 'Elsevier BV'
Publication date: 01/01/2021
Field of study

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

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Institutional Research Information System University of Turin

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Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author: Abarca-Gómez Leandra
Abdeen Ziad A
Abdul Rahim Hanan F
Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M
Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
Adams Robert J
Aekplakorn Wichai
Afsana Kaosar
Afzal Shoaib
Agdeppa Imelda A
Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A
Agyemang Charles
Ahmad Noor Ani
Ahmadi Ali
Ahmadi Naser
Ahmadi Nastaran
Ahmadizar Fariba
Ahmed Soheir H
Ahrens Wolfgang
Ajlouni Kamel
Al-Raddadi Rajaa
Alarouj Monira
AlBuhairan Fadia
AlDhukair Shahla
Ali Mohamed M
Alkandari Abdullah
Alkerwi Ala'a
Allin Kristine
Aly Eman
Amarapurkar Deepak N
Amougou Norbert
Amouyel Philippe
Andersen Lars Bo
Anderssen Sigmund A
Anjana Ranjit Mohan
Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
Ansong Daniel
Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
Araújo Joana
Ariansen Inger
Aris Tahir
Arku Raphael E
Arlappa Nimmathota
Aryal Krishna K
Aspelund Thor
Assah Felix K
Assunção Maria Cecília F
Auvinen Juha
Avdićová Mária
Azevedo Ana
Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
Azizi Fereidoun
Azmin Mehrdad
Babu Bontha V
Bahijri Suhad
Balakrishna Nagalla
Balanova Yulia
Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
Banach Maciej
Banadinović Maja
Bandosz Piotr
Banegas José R
Baran Joanna
Barbagallo Carlo M
Barceló Alberto
Barkat Amina
Barreto Marta
Barros Aluisio JD
Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes
Bartosiewicz Anna
Basit Abdul
Bastos Joao Luiz D
Bata Iqbal
Batieha Anwar M
Batyrbek Assembekov
Baur Louise A
Beaglehole Robert
Belavendra Antonisamy
Ben Romdhane Habiba
Benet Mikhail
Bennett James E
Benson Lowell S
Berkinbayev Salim
Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
Bernotiene Gailute
Bettiol Heloísa
Bezerra Jorge
Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
Bhargava Santosh K
Bia Daniel
Biasch Katia
Bika Lele Elysée Claude
Bikbov Mukharram M
Bista Bihungum
Bjerregaard Peter
Bjertness Espen
Bjertness Marius B
Björkelund Cecilia
Bloch Katia V
Blokstra Anneke
Bo Simona
Bobak Martin
Boeing Heiner
Boggia Jose G
Boissonnet Carlos P
Bojesen Stig E
Bongard Vanina
Bonilla-Vargas Alice
Bopp Matthias
Borghs Herman
Bovet Pascal
Boyer Christopher B
Braeckman Lutgart
Brajkovich Imperia
Branca Francesco
Breckenkamp Juergen
Brenner Hermann
Brewster Lizzy M
Briceño Yajaira
Brito Miguel
Bruno Graziella
Bueno Gloria
Bueno-de-Mesquita H Bas
Bugge Anna
Burns Con
Bursztyn Michael
Cabrera de León Antonio
Cacciottolo Joseph
Cameron Christine
Can Günay
Capanzana Mario V
Capuano Eduardo
Capuano Vincenzo
Cardoso Viviane C
Carlsson Axel C
Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M
Carvalho Joana
Casanueva Felipe F
Censi Laura
Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A
Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Chan Angelique W
Chan Queenie
Chaturvedi Himanshu K
Chaturvedi Nish
Chee Miao Li
Chen Chien-Jen
Chen Fangfang
Chen Huashuai
Chen Shuohua
Chen Zhengming
Cheng Ching-Yu
Cheraghian Bahman
Cherkaoui Dekkaki Imane
Chetrit Angela
Chien Kuo-Liong
Chiolero Arnaud
Chiou Shu-Ti
Chirita-Emandi Adela
Chirlaque María-Dolores
Cho Belong
Christensen Kaare
Christofaro Diego G
Chudek Jerzy
Cifkova Renata
Cinteza Eliza
Claessens Frank
Clarke Janine
Clays Els
Cohen Emmanuel
Concin Hans
Cooper Cyrus
Coppinger Tara C
Costanzo Simona
Cottel Dominique
Cowan Melanie J
Cowell Chris
Craig Cora L
Crampin Amelia C
Crujeiras Ana B
Cruz Juan J
Csilla Semánová
Cui Liufu
Cureau Felipe V
Cuschieri Sarah
Cândido Ana Paula C
D'Arrigo Graziella
d'Orsi Eleonora
Dallongeville Jean
Damasceno Albertino
Danaei Goodarz
Dankner Rachel
Dantoft Thomas M
Dauchet Luc
Davletov Kairat
De Backer Guy
De Bacquer Dirk
De Curtis Amalia
de Gaetano Giovanni
De Henauw Stefaan
de Oliveira Paula Duarte
De Ridder David
De Smedt Delphine
Deepa Mohan
Deev Alexander D
DeGennaro Vincent Jr
Delisle Hélène
Demarest Stefaan
Dennison Elaine
Deschamps Valérie
Dhimal Meghnath
Di Castelnuovo Augusto F
Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
Diaz Alejandro
Dickerson Ty T
Dika Zivka
Djalalinia Shirin
Do Ha TP
Dobson Annette J
Donfrancesco Chiara
Donoso Silvana P
Dorobantu Maria
Doua Kouamelan
Dragano Nico
Drygas Wojciech
Duante Charmaine A
Duboz Priscilla
Duda Rosemary B
Dulskiene Virginija
Dushpanova Anar
Dzerve Vilnis
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
Döring Angela
Dörr Marcus
Džakula Aleksandar
Eddie Ricky
Eftekhar Ebrahim
Eggertsen Robert
Eghtesad Sareh
Eiben Gabriele
Ekelund Ulf
El Ati Jalila
El-Khateeb Mohammad
Eldemire-Shearer Denise
Eliasen Marie
Elliott Paul
Elosua Roberto
Erasmus Rajiv T
Erbel Raimund
Erem Cihangir
Eriksen Louise
Eriksson Johan G
Escobedo-de la Peña Jorge
Eslami Saeid
Esmaeili Ali
Evans Alun
Ezzati Majid
Faeh David
Fakhretdinova Albina A
Fall Caroline H
Faramarzi Elnaz
Farjam Mojtaba
Farzadfar Farshad
Fattahi Mohammad Reza
Fawwad Asher
Felix Stephan B
Felix-Redondo Francisco J
Ferguson Trevor S
Fernandes Romulo A
Fernández-Bergés Daniel
Ferrante Daniel
Ferrao Thomas
Ferrari Marika
Ferrario Marco M
Ferreccio Catterina
Ferreira Haroldo S
Ferrer Eldridge
Ferrieres Jean
Figueiró Thamara Hubler
Fink Günther
Fischer Krista
Foo Leng Huat
Forsner Maria
Fouad Heba M
Francis Damian K
Franco Maria do Carmo
Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
Frontera Guillermo
Fuchs Flavio D
Fuchs Sandra C
Fujita Yuki
Fumihiko Matsuda
Furdela Viktoriya
Furer Ariel
Furusawa Takuro
Gaciong Zbigniew
Galbarczyk Andrzej
Galenkamp Henrike
Galvano Fabio
Gao Jingli
Gao Pei
Garcia Pablo
Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
Gareta Dickman
Garnett Sarah P
Gaspoz Jean-Michel
Gasull Magda
Gazzinelli Andrea
Gehring Ulrike
Geleijnse Johanna M
George Ronnie
Ghanbari Ali
Ghasemi Erfan
Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
Ghimire Anup
Gialluisi Alessandro
Giampaoli Simona
Gieger Christian
Gill Tiffany K
Giovannelli Jonathan
Gironella Glen
Giwercman Aleksander
Gkiouras Konstantinos
Goldberg Marcel
Goldsmith Rebecca A
Gomez Luis F
Gomula Aleksandra
Gonzalez Angel R
Gonzalez-Chica David A
Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
González-Rivas Juan P
González-Villalpando Clicerio
González-Villalpando María-Elena
Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva Bruna
Gonçalves Helen
Gonçalves Mauer
Gorbea Mariano Bonet
Gottrand Frederic
Graff-Iversen Sidsel
Grafnetter Dušan
Grajda Aneta
Grammatikopoulou Maria G
Gregg Edward W
Gregor Ronald D
Grodzicki Tomasz
Grosso Giuseppe
Gruden Gabriella
Gu Dongfeng
Guan Ong Peng
Gudmundsson Elias F
Gudnason Vilmundur
Guerrero Ramiro
Guessous Idris
Guimaraes Andre L
Gulliford Martin C
Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
Gunter Marc J
Gupta Prakash C
Gupta Rajeev
Gureje Oye
Gurzkowska Beata
Gutierrez Laura
Gutzwiller Felix
Ha Seongjun
Hadaegh Farzad
Haghshenas Rosa
Hakimi Hamid
Halkjær Jytte
Hambleton Ian R
Hamzeh Behrooz
Hange Dominique
Hanif Abu AM
Hantunen Sari
Hao Jie
Hardman Carla Menêses
Hari Kumar Rachakulla
Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
Hata Jun
Haugsgjerd Teresa
Hayes Alison J
He Jiang
He Yuna
Heier Margit
Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
Henrique Rafael dos Santos
Henriques Ana
Hernandez Cadena Leticia
Herqutanto
Herrala Sauli
Heshmat Ramin
Hill Allan G
Ho Sai Yin
Ho Suzanne C
Hobbs Michael
Holdsworth Michelle
Homayounfar Reza
Horasan Dinc Gonul
Horimoto Andrea RVR
Hormiga Claudia M
Horta Bernardo L
Houti Leila
Howitt Christina
Htay Thein Thein
Htet Aung Soe
Htike Maung Maung Than
Hu Yonghua
Huerta José María
Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
Huiart Laetitia
Huisman Martijn
Husseini Abdullatif S
Huybrechts Inge
Hwalla Nahla
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Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
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Zambon Sabina
Zampelas Antonis
Zapata Maria Elisa
Zaw Ko Ko
Zdrojewski Tomasz
Zejglicova Kristyna
Zeljkovic Vrkic Tajana
Zeng Yi
Zhang Luxia
Zhang Zhen-Yu
Zhao Dong
Zhao Ming-Hui
Zhen Shiqi
Zheng Yingfeng
Zholdin Bekbolat
Zhou Bin
Zhu Dan
Zins Marie
Zitt Emanuel
Zocalo Yanina
Zoghlami Nada
Zuñiga Cisneros Julio
Čapková Naděžda
Publication venue: 'Elsevier BV'
Publication date: 17/09/2021
Field of study

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

University of Lincoln Institutional Repository