Conoscenza tecnologica. Nuovi paradigmi dell’innovazione e specificità italiana

Nel volume si esaminano le categorie concettuali utili a spiegare e a governare l'innovazione così come si analizza il posizionamento dell'Italia nel quadro internazionale degli investimenti e delle attività in Ricerca e Sviluppo, giungendo a una valutazione non troppo pessimistica anche se le numerose debolezze della situazione italiana vengono rimarcate; si sottolinea la specificità delle dinamiche dell'innovazione in Italia, legate a una morfologia fortemente territorializzata della struttura produttiva e a una specializzazione settoriale tradizionalmente sbilanciata verso l'innovazione di prodotto.- Indice #4- Introduzione, Cristiano Antonelli #10- L’innovazione come problema europeo: vecchie e nuove prospettive sulla divisione del lavoro nel processo innovativo, J. Stan Metcalfe #28- La nuova economia della conoscenza e dell’attività innovativa, Cristiano Antonelli #56- Le fonti di finanziamento e la specializzazione nelle attività di ricerca e sviluppo, Alessandra Lanza e Martin Marchesi #94- Il ruolo delle piccole e medie imprese nel sistema innovativo italiano, Daniele Archibugi, Rinaldo Evangelista e Leopoldo Nascia #124- Le relazioni università/industria in Italia, Luigi Orsenigo e Emanuela Cancogni #176- Dai "contenitori" ai "contenuti": i parchi scientifici e tecnologici in Italia, Fabrizio Cesaroni e Alfonso Gambardella #246- La partecipazione italiana ai Programmi Quadro della Commissione delle Comunità Europee, Aldo Geuna e Myriam Mariani #336- Riferimenti bibliografici #38

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Differential profiling of lacrimal cytokines in patients suffering from thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

The aim was to investigate the levels of cytokines and soluble IL-6R in the tears of patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) disease. Schirmer's test was adopted to collect tears from TAO patients (N = 20, 17 women, mean age (±SD): 46.0 years (±13.4)) and healthy subjects (N = 18, 10 women, 45.4 years (±18.7)). Lacrimal cytokines and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) were measured using a 10-plex panel (Meso Scale Discovery Company) and Invitrogen Human sIL-6R Elisa kit, respectively. Tear levels of IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-6 and TNF-α appeared significantly higher in TAO patients than in healthy subjects. Interestingly, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-8 levels increased in tears whatever the form of TAO whereas IL-13, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in inflammatory TAO patients, meaning with a clinical score activity (CAS) ≥ 3, compared to controls. Furthermore, only 3 cytokines were strongly positively correlated with CAS (IL-13 Spearman coeff. r: 0.703, p = 0.0005; IL-6 r: 0.553, p = 0.011; IL-8 r: 0.618, p = 0.004, respectively). Finally, tobacco use disturbed the levels of several cytokines, especially in patient suffering of TAO. The differential profile of lacrimal cytokines could be useful for the diagnosis of TAO patients. Nevertheless, the tobacco use of these patients should be taken into account in the interpretation of the cytokine levels