Nandrolone and resistance training induce heart remodeling: Role of fetal genes and implications for cardiac pathophysiology

Aims: This study was conducted to assess the isolated and combined effects of nandrolone and resistance training on cardiac morphology, function, and mRNA expression of pathological cardiac hypertrophy markers.Main methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and submitted to 6 weeks of treatment with nandrolone and/or resistance training. Cardiac parameters were determined by echocardiography. Heart was analyzed for collagen infiltration. Real-time RT-PCR was used to assess the pathological cardiac hypertrophy markers.Key findings: Both resistance training and nandrolone induced cardiac hypertrophy. Nandrolone increased the cardiac collagen content, and reduced the cardiac index in non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Nandrolone reduced the ratio of maximum early to late transmitral flow velocity in non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Nandrolone reduced the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene expression in both non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Training reduced the beta-myosin heavy chain gene expression in the groups treated with vehicle and nandrolone. Only the association between training and nandrolone increased the expression of the skeletal alpha-actin gene and atrial natriuretic peptide in the left ventricle.Significance: This study indicated that nandrolone, whether associated with resistance training or not, induces cardiac hypertrophy, which is associated with enhanced collagen content, re-expression of fetal genes the in left ventricle, and impaired diastolic and systolic function. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAEPEX/UNICAMPConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Physiol Sci, Piracicaba, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Hypertens Unit, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Sci & Technol, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Phys Educ & Sports, Biochem Lab, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Morphol, Piracicaba, SP, BrazilPontifical Catholic Univ Campinas, Life Sci Ctr, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Sci & Technol, São Paulo, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 05/60284-6Web of Scienc

Evaluation Of The Overload Of Care In Families Of Psychiatric Patients In Psychosocial Care Center

Introduction: The burden of care in family refers to the weight caused by the primary caregiver role to psychiatric patients and the difficulties encountered in performing this function in daily life. Objectives: Assessing the objective and subjective overload of family members who live with the reality of psychiatric disorder in a child day-care psychosocial care center. Methods: Cross-sectional study, descriptive-exploratory, of quantitative approach, with non-probabilistic samples of accidental type with 80 families of psychiatric patients held in a Psychosocial Care Center. For overload evaluation, the subscales "B" and "D" of the Family Overload Rating Scale (FBIS-BR) were used. Results: The study was conducted with 80 families of psychiatric patients. The average age of female caregivers was 39,6 years old, and 40,7 years old for male caregivers, with female predominance (87,5%) compared to men (12,5%), with low education for both genres. Family caregivers presented high objective burden due to excessive demand attention (p<0,001), heteroaggressiveness (p<0,001) and perplexing behavior of psychiatric patients regarding the supervision of problematic behaviors (p<0,001). The items on the impact on the family's daily routine have not helped to generate objective overload for the family members. On subjective overload, it was clear to observe familiar members with high degree of disturbance in all the dimensions assessed (p < 0,001). Conclusion: The high degree of care overload observed in family members indicates the need to develop contacts with the family of the psychiatric patient to answer questions, offer support and assistance to the family caregiver. Keywords: Caregivers. Patients. Mental Health Services

Lesão Pulmonar Associada Ao Uso De Cigarros Eletrônicos: Revisão De Literatura

E-cigarettes, a widely used emerging product, are facing growing popularity despite little research into their health risks. Electronic Cigarette Use Associated Lung Injury, or EVALI, has become a prominent concern in recent research, expanding the need to understand the health effects of vaping, given the diversity of technologies and liquids involved. An integrative review was carried out to analyze the relationship between electronic cigarettes and lung injuries, using the PubMed database. 664 articles were selected, with inclusion criteria based on human studies published between 2018 and 2023. The analysis, exclusion and selection process was carefully conducted by the authors. Electronic cigarettes, consisting of a battery, atomizer and liquid, stand out due to the uncertainty about their health effects, in contrast to traditional cigarettes. EVALI, predominantly associated with the vaporization of THC products, reveals serious symptoms and significant risks. The complex composition of e-liquids, especially when exposed to high temperatures, generates harmful substances, including carbonyl compounds, suspected of causing oxidative stress and inflammation in the airways. The integrative review highlights the lack of consensus on the safety of electronic cigarettes and the urgency in understanding the associated risks. EVALI, as a diagnosis of exclusion, highlights the need for immediate investigation in the event of respiratory symptoms. Treatment and monitoring of EVALI patients requires a careful approach, considering clinical and risk factors. Public education about potential dangers and cessation strategies becomes crucial, especially among young people.Los cigarrillos electrónicos, un producto emergente ampliamente utilizado, se enfrentan a una creciente popularidad a pesar de la poca investigación sobre sus riesgos para la salud. La lesión pulmonar asociada al uso de cigarrillos electrónicos, o EVALI, se ha convertido en una preocupación destacada en investigaciones recientes, ampliando la necesidad de comprender los efectos del vapeo en la salud, dada la diversidad de tecnologías y líquidos involucrados. Se realizó una revisión integradora para analizar la relación entre los cigarrillos electrónicos y las lesiones pulmonares, utilizando la base de datos PubMed. Se seleccionaron 664 artículos, con criterios de inclusión basados ​​en estudios en humanos publicados entre 2018 y 2023. El proceso de análisis, exclusión y selección fue cuidadosamente realizado por los autores. Los cigarrillos electrónicos, compuestos por batería, atomizador y líquido, destacan por la incertidumbre sobre sus efectos sobre la salud, a diferencia de los cigarrillos tradicionales. EVALI, predominantemente asociado con la vaporización de productos de THC, revela síntomas graves y riesgos importantes. La compleja composición de los e-líquidos, especialmente cuando se exponen a altas temperaturas, genera sustancias nocivas, incluidos compuestos carbonílicos, sospechosos de causar estrés oxidativo e inflamación en las vías respiratorias. La revisión integradora destaca la falta de consenso sobre la seguridad de los cigarrillos electrónicos y la urgencia de comprender los riesgos asociados. EVALI, como diagnóstico de exclusión, destaca la necesidad de investigación inmediata en caso de síntomas respiratorios. El tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes con EVALI requiere un enfoque cuidadoso, considerando los factores clínicos y de riesgo. La educación pública sobre los peligros potenciales y las estrategias para dejar de fumar se vuelve crucial, especialmente entre los jóvenes.Os cigarros eletrônicos, produto emergente amplamente utilizado, enfrentam crescente popularidade apesar da escassa investigação sobre seus riscos à saúde. A Lesão Pulmonar Associada ao Uso de Cigarro Eletrônico, ou EVALI, tornou-se uma preocupação destacada nas pesquisas recentes, ampliando a necessidade de compreender os efeitos da vaporização na saúde, dada a diversidade de tecnologias e líquidos envolvidos. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa para analisar a relação entre cigarros eletrônicos e lesões pulmonares, utilizando a base de dados PubMed. Foram selecionados 664 artigos, com critérios de inclusão baseados em estudos humanos publicados entre 2018 e 2023. O processo de análise, exclusão e seleção foi conduzido de forma criteriosa pelos autores. Os cigarros eletrônicos, compostos por bateria, atomizador e líquido, destacam-se pela incerteza sobre seus efeitos à saúde, em contraste com os tradicionais. A EVALI, predominantemente associada à vaporização de produtos com THC, revela sintomas graves e riscos significativos. A composição complexa dos e-líquidos, especialmente quando expostos a altas temperaturas, gera substâncias nocivas, incluindo compostos carbonílicos, suspeitos de causar estresse oxidativo e inflamação nas vias aéreas. A revisão integrativa destaca a falta de consenso sobre a segurança dos cigarros eletrônicos e a urgência em compreender os riscos associados. A EVALI, como diagnóstico de exclusão, destaca a necessidade de investigação imediata diante de sintomas respiratórios. O tratamento e o acompanhamento de pacientes EVALI requerem abordagem cuidadosa, considerando fatores clínicos e de risco. A educação pública sobre os perigos potenciais e estratégias de cessação torna-se crucial, especialmente entre os jovens

Experiência, teoria e ação : práticas pedagógicas de ensino de língua portuguesa

-Este livro apresenta ações pedagógicas de ensino de língua portuguesa e literatura implementadas no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Letras da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Em uma perspectiva de pesquisa ação, foram desenvolvidas intervenções em sala de aula de ensino básico, pautadas em abordagens teóricas recentes. As motivações, etapas de intervenção, bases teóricas, experiências e resultados das intervenções são expostos e discutidos na obra como forma de incentivar a replicação de ações exitosas de ensino de língua materna

Síndrome de DiGeorge: um relato de caso: DiGeorge's Syndrome: a case report

O presente artigo objetivou apresentar o caso clínico de uma paciente pediátrica diagnosticada com a síndrome de DiGeorge e que foi admitida no setor de Cardiologia Pediátrica para correção de malformação cardíaca. Este trabalho se trata de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de caso, que visou analisar as principais manifestações desse distúrbio genético, bem como suas abordagens diagnósticas e terapêuticas. A criança foi submetida à correção de defeito cardíaco característico da anomalia e evoluiu com parada cardiorrespiratória, prontamente revertida, e com crise convulsiva no pós-operatório. A anomalia possui espectro clínico diverso, com repercussões que impactam sobremaneira no equilíbrio eletrolítico e nos sistemas imunológico e cardiovascular, exigindo reconhecimento em tempo hábil e a adoção de condutas assertivas para reduzir a morbidade do portador

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research