Le maschere del potere, da Machiavelli a Pasolini

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Azole-Resistance in Aspergillus terreus and Related Species: An Emerging Problem or a Rare Phenomenon?

Raquel Sabino was not included as an author in the published article. It was corrected a posteriori.Erratum in - Corrigendum: Azole-Resistance in Aspergillus terreus and Related Species: An Emerging Problem or a Rare Phenomenon? [Front Microbiol. 2018] Front Microbiol. 2019 Jan 14;9:3245. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03245. eCollection 2018.Disponível em: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03245/fullFree PMC Article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5882871/ | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6340063/Objectives: Invasive mold infections associated with Aspergillus species are a significant cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. The most frequently occurring aetiological pathogens are members of the Aspergillus section Fumigati followed by members of the section Terrei. The frequency of Aspergillus terreus and related (cryptic) species in clinical specimens, as well as the percentage of azole-resistant strains remains to be studied. Methods: A global set (n = 498) of A. terreus and phenotypically related isolates was molecularly identified (beta-tubulin), tested for antifungal susceptibility against posaconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole, and resistant phenotypes were correlated with point mutations in the cyp51A gene. Results: The majority of isolates was identified as A. terreus (86.8%), followed by A. citrinoterreus (8.4%), A. hortai (2.6%), A. alabamensis (1.6%), A. neoafricanus (0.2%), and A. floccosus (0.2%). One isolate failed to match a known Aspergillus sp., but was found most closely related to A. alabamensis. According to EUCAST clinical breakpoints azole resistance was detected in 5.4% of all tested isolates, 6.2% of A. terreus sensu stricto (s.s.) were posaconazole-resistant. Posaconazole resistance differed geographically and ranged from 0% in the Czech Republic, Greece, and Turkey to 13.7% in Germany. In contrast, azole resistance among cryptic species was rare 2 out of 66 isolates and was observed only in one A. citrinoterreus and one A. alabamensis isolate. The most affected amino acid position of the Cyp51A gene correlating with the posaconazole resistant phenotype was M217, which was found in the variation M217T and M217V. Conclusions:Aspergillus terreus was most prevalent, followed by A. citrinoterreus. Posaconazole was the most potent drug against A. terreus, but 5.4% of A. terreus sensu stricto showed resistance against this azole. In Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom posaconazole-resistance in all A. terreus isolates was higher than 10%, resistance against voriconazole was rare and absent for itraconazole.This work was supported by ECMM, ISHAM, and EFISG and in part by an unrestricted research grant through the Investigator Initiated Studies Programof Astellas, MSD, and Pfizer. This study was fundet by the Christian Doppler Laboratory for invasive fungal infections.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

«Lo spettacolo enorme e disonesto» dei malgoverni ariosteschi

A well-established and influential wave of literary criticism has restored Ariosto’s work abrasive historical-political dimension, subtracting it from the ahistorical harmony of Crocian tradition . Part of this engagée dimension emerges in the poem through situations and places that, in various ways, have a dystopian vocation, inasmuch    the alternative and different social orders on which they are based echo the dissonant wounds of sixteenth-century Italian society. The island of Alcina or that of Ebuda, like the iniquitous and despotic kingdoms of Cimosco, of the murderous females or of Marganorre, appear to be ‘other’ worlds in which  the nightmares of a generation of thinkers and men of letters, helplessly witnessing the crumbling of the humanistic utopia, continually emerge.. The objective of this contribution is to explore  Ariosto’s fervid  dystopian imagination to detect the political and ethical functionality of such narrative inserts, as mirrors and scarecrows of the ambiguities of Italian Renaissance society, a gangrenous system, engrossed in a political and cultural crisis that now appears ineluctable and has entered the predatory orbit of the other European powers.Un’ormai consolidata e autorevole vulgata critica ha restituito all’opera ariostesca la propria corrosiva dimensione storico-politica e l’ha sottratta all’astorica armonia di ascendenza crociana. Parte di questa dimensione engagée emerge nel poema attraverso situazioni e luoghi che, a diverso titolo, presentano una vocazione distopica, in quanto fondati su ordini sociali alternativi e difformi, nei quali spesso riecheggiano le piaghe dissonanti della società italiana cinquecentesca. L’isola di Alcina o quella di Ebuda, al pari degli iniqui e dispotici regni di Cimosco, delle femmine omicide o di Marganorre, si presentano all’apparenza come mondi ‘altri’ nei quali affiorano però di continuo gli incubi di una generazione di pensatori e letterati che assiste, inerme, allo sgretolamento dell’utopia umanistica. Obiettivo del contributo è penetrare la fervida immaginazione distopica ariostesca per rilevare la funzionalità politica ed etica di questi inserti narrativi, in quanto specchi e spauracchi delle ambiguità della società rinascimentale italiana, incancrenita in una crisi politica e culturale che appare ormai ineluttabile ed entrata nell’orbita predatoria delle altre potenze europee

Ariosto nell'epoca dei voli spaziali

Il contributo analizza il riuso dell\u2019Orlando furioso nella narrativa contemporanea, prendendo le mosse dall\u2019esperienza tardo-ottocentesca di Italo Svevo, autore di una commedia incompiuta dedicata ad Ariosto governatore, e attraversando le esperienze letterarie di due grandi romanzieri italiani del secondo dopoguerra, ossia Italo Calvino e Beppe Fenoglio. Nell\u2019ultimo capitolo viene indagata \u201cla persistenza del Furioso tramite i contributi di Stefano Jossa, tramite l\u2019allestimento recente di due mostre dedicate proprio alla ricezione di Ariosto nell\u2019arte odierna e tramite una moltitudine di rielaborazioni narrative e teatrali, concentrate soprattutto sul personaggio di Angelica e su quello di Orlando. L\u2019obiettivo \ue8 rilevare il doppio binario dell\u2019influenza poeta ferrarese, che \ue8 diventato un modello sia sul piano tematico (grazie a una densa serie di situazioni narrative, di temi, di idee imperniate di un relativismo che torna prepotentemente in auge dopo le lacerazioni prodotte dall\u2019epoca buia dei totalitarismi), sia sul piano stilistico e formale (in virt\uf9 dell\u2019uso programmatico delle tecniche di sospensione, di differimento e di ripresa). Superato l\u2019impasse della rigida interpretazione crociana, Ariosto pu\uf2 finalmente diventare il maestro indiscusso di una letteratura fantastica e ironica, ma mai disimpegnata o superficiale.The present study analyzes the Orlando Furioso\u2019s reuse in contemporary literature. It starts from the late XIX century works of Italo Svevo, author of an uncompleted comedy dedicated to Ariosto the Governor. Then, it goes through the literary experiences of two great Italian novelists of the second postwar, namely Italo Calvino and Beppe Fenoglio. The last chapter focuses on \u201cthe persistence of the Furioso\u201d by analyzing Stefano Jossa\u2019s studies, two recent exhibitions dedicated precisely to Ariosto\u2019s reception in contemporary art and several narrative and theatrical reworking of Ariosto\u2019s masterpiece, which are mainly dedicated to the characters of Angelica and Orlando. The work is aimed in detecting the double influence produced by Ludovico Ariosto, who has become a model both for the matter (due to a dense series of narrative situations, themes and ideas centered on a relativism which strongly affirms itself after the lacerations produced by the recent dark totalitarianisms) and for the style (due to a programmatic use of narrative techniques, such as suspension, deferment and resume). Overcoming the impasse of Benedetto Croce\u2019s rigid interpretation, Ariosto can finally become the undisputed master of a fantastic and ironic literature, which has not to be considered disengaged or unconcerned

Il sesso dei libri. La dimensione del genere nel lavoro editoriale

L’articolo presenta una ricerca condotta sul ruolo delle donne nel mondo editoriale, comparto produttivo ampiamente caratterizzato dalla presenza delle lavoratrici, al punto che frequentemente l’editoria italiana è descritta come un settore dell’industria culturale “al femminile”, e sorretto dalle lettrici: sono donne le maggiori acquirenti di libri, sono donne le lettrici forti. Ciononostante, nell’offerta editoriale nazionale il numero di realtà specializzate in una produzione gender-oriented è irrisorio, lo spazio dedicato alle autrici nel dibattito culturale è assai limitato e la rappresentanza femminile nei ruoli dirigenziali delle case editrici è numericamente esigua. La ricerca qui presentata intende approfondire la natura della presenza femminile nelle case editrici, al fine di verificare se esista, o meno, una forma di segregazione orizzontale e verticale nel comparto editoriale.The Sex of the Books conducts a careful consideration about gender differences acting within editorial organizations, according to show how and why we can speak of horizontal and vertical occupational segregation in publishing industry. In spite of the high number of female workers, the glass ceiling - the unseen barrier that keeps women from getting ahead in business – acts in publishing organizations by the increasing feminization of some editorial functions, while the race to the top stops halfway, preventing women from go-getting

I segni raccontano. La Lingua dei Segni Italiana tra esperienze, strumenti e metodologie

Il libro, nato dalle ricerche, esperienze, proposte e sperimentazioni presentate al 3° Convegno sulla Lingua dei Segni Italiana, racconta di una lingua che è parte della vita di molte persone sorde e udenti, e si dipana intorno a quattro tematiche: i profili professionali in evoluzione; la LIS come risorsa; le esperienze di bilinguismo e integrazione; i diritti, i servizi e l’accessibilità.The book, born from the research, experiences, proposals and experiments presented at the 3rd Conference on Italian Sign Language, tells of a language that is part of the life of many deaf and hearing people, and unfolds around four themes: professional profiles Evolving; the LIS as a resource; experiences of bilingualism and integration; rights, services and accessibility

A prospective international Aspergillus terreus survey: An EFISG, ISHAM and ECMM joint study

Objectives: A prospective international multicentre surveillance study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and amphotericin B susceptibility of Aspergillus terreus species complex infections. Methods: A total of 370 cases from 21 countries were evaluated. Results: The overall prevalence of A. terreus species complex among the investigated patients with mould-positive cultures was 5.2% (370/7116). Amphotericin B MICs ranged from 0.125 to 32 mg/L, (median 8 mg/L). Conclusions: Aspergillus terreus species complex infections cause a wide spectrum of aspergillosis and the majority of cryptic species display high amphotericin B MICs.Fil: Risslegger, Brigitte. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Zoran, Tamara. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Lackner, Michaela. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Aigner, María. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Sanchez Reus, Ferrán. Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau; EspañaFil: Rezusta, Antonio. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Chowdhary, Anuradha. University of Delhi; IndiaFil: Alcacer Sanchez, Juan Manuel. Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau;Fil: Taj Aldeen, Saad Jaber. Hamad Medical Corporation; QatarFil: Arendrup, Maiken C.. Universidad de Copenhagen; DinamarcaFil: Oliveri, Salvatore. Università degli Studi di Catania; ItaliaFil: Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Alastruey Izquierdo, Ana. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Salud; EspañaFil: Lagrou, Katrien. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaFil: Lo Cascio, Giuliana. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata; ItaliaFil: Meis, Jacques F.. Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital; Países BajosFil: Buzina, Walter. Medical University of Graz; AustriaFil: Farina, Claudio. ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII. Microbiology Institute; ItaliaFil: Drogari Apiranthitou, Miranda. Universidad Nacional y Kapodistriaca de Atenas; GreciaFil: Grancini, Anna. Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; ItaliaFil: Tortorano, Anna Maria. Università degli Studi di Milano; ItaliaFil: Willinger, Birgit. Universidad de Viena; AustriaFil: Hamprecht, Axel. Universitat Zu Köln; AlemaniaFil: Johnson, Elizabeth. Public Health England. Mycology Reference Laboratory; Reino UnidoFil: Klingspor, Lena. Karolinska Huddinge Hospital; SueciaFil: Arsic Arsenijevic, Valentina. University of Belgrade; SerbiaFil: Cornely, Oliver A.. Universitat Zu Köln; AlemaniaFil: Meletiadis, Joseph. Universidad Nacional y Kapodistriaca de Atenas; GreciaFil: Prammer, Wolfgang. Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen; AustriaFil: Tullio, Vivian. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Vehreschild, Jörg Janne. Universitat Bonn; Alemania. Universitat Zu Köln; AlemaniaFil: Trovato, Laura. Università degli Studi di Catania; ItaliaFil: Lewis, Russell E.. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Segal, Esther. Tel Aviv University; IsraelFil: Rath, Peter Michael. Universitat Essen; AlemaniaFil: Hamal, Petr. Universtity Hospital Olomouc; República Checa. Palacky University Olomouc; República ChecaFil: Rodríguez Iglesias, Manuel. Universidad de Cádiz; EspañaFil: Roilides, Emmanuel. Aristotle University School of Health Sciences; GreciaFil: Arikan Akdagli, Sevtap. Hacettepe University; TurquíaFil: Chakrabarti, Arunaloke. Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; IndiaFil: Colombo, Arnaldo L.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Fernández, Mariana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martin Gomez, M. Teresa. Vall d’Hebron University Hospital; EspañaFil: Badali, Hamid. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Petrikkos, Georgios. European University Cyprus; ChipreFil: Klimko, Nikolai. North Western State Medical University; RusiaFil: Heimann, Sebastian M.. Universitat Zu Köln; AlemaniaFil: Houbraken, Jos. Fungal Biodiversity Centre; Países BajosFil: Uzun, Omrum. Hacettepe University Medical School; TurquíaFil: Edlinger, Michael. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: de la Fuente, Sonia. Hospital Ernest Lluch Martin; EspañaFil: Lass Flörl, Cornelia. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austri

DataSheet1.pdf

<p>Objectives: Invasive mold infections associated with Aspergillus species are a significant cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. The most frequently occurring aetiological pathogens are members of the Aspergillus section Fumigati followed by members of the section Terrei. The frequency of Aspergillus terreus and related (cryptic) species in clinical specimens, as well as the percentage of azole-resistant strains remains to be studied.</p><p>Methods: A global set (n = 498) of A. terreus and phenotypically related isolates was molecularly identified (beta-tubulin), tested for antifungal susceptibility against posaconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole, and resistant phenotypes were correlated with point mutations in the cyp51A gene.</p><p>Results: The majority of isolates was identified as A. terreus (86.8%), followed by A. citrinoterreus (8.4%), A. hortai (2.6%), A. alabamensis (1.6%), A. neoafricanus (0.2%), and A. floccosus (0.2%). One isolate failed to match a known Aspergillus sp., but was found most closely related to A. alabamensis. According to EUCAST clinical breakpoints azole resistance was detected in 5.4% of all tested isolates, 6.2% of A. terreus sensu stricto (s.s.) were posaconazole-resistant. Posaconazole resistance differed geographically and ranged from 0% in the Czech Republic, Greece, and Turkey to 13.7% in Germany. In contrast, azole resistance among cryptic species was rare 2 out of 66 isolates and was observed only in one A. citrinoterreus and one A. alabamensis isolate. The most affected amino acid position of the Cyp51A gene correlating with the posaconazole resistant phenotype was M217, which was found in the variation M217T and M217V.</p><p>Conclusions:Aspergillus terreus was most prevalent, followed by A. citrinoterreus. Posaconazole was the most potent drug against A. terreus, but 5.4% of A. terreus sensu stricto showed resistance against this azole. In Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom posaconazole-resistance in all A. terreus isolates was higher than 10%, resistance against voriconazole was rare and absent for itraconazole.</p