Psychological and educational interventions for atopic eczema in children.

Psychological and educational interventions have been used as an adjunct to conventional therapy for children with atopic eczema to enhance the effectiveness of topical therapy. This is an update of the original Cochrane review

Population level survival of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia in Germany compared to the US in the early 21st century

INTRODUCTION: The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has produced 5-year survival of 90 + % for chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) patients in clinical trials. However, population level survival has been lower, especially in older patients. Here, we examine survival of patients with CML in Germany and compare it to survival of patients in the United States (US). METHODS: Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database in the US and 11 cancer registries in Germany. Patients 15–69 years old diagnosed with CML were included in the analysis. Period analysis for 2002–2006 was used to provide the most up-to-date possible estimates of five-year relative survival. RESULTS: Five-year relative survival was 68.7% overall in Germany and 72.7% in the US. Survival was higher in the US for all age groups except for ages 15–39 years, but the difference was only statistically significant for ages 50–59 years (at 67.5% vs 77.7% in Germany and the US, respectively). Survival decreased with age, ranging from 83.1% and 81.9%, respectively, in Germany and the US for patients 15–39 years old to 54.2% and 54.5%, respectively, in patients 65–69 years old. Survival increased between 2002 and 2006 by 12.0% points in Germany and 17.1% points in the US. CONCLUSIONS: Five-year survival estimates were higher in the US than in Germany overall, but the difference was only significant for ages 50–59 years. Survival did not equal that seen in clinical trials for either country, but strong improvement in survival was seen between 2002 and 2006

A Review on Research and Evaluation Methods for Investigating Self-Transcendence

Self-transcendence has been characterized as a decrease in self-saliency (ego disillusionment) and increased connection, and has been growing in research interest in the past decade. Several measures have been developed and published with some degree of psychometric validity and reliability. However, to date, there has been no review systematically describing, contrasting, and evaluating the different methodological approaches toward measuring self-transcendence including questionnaires, neurological and physiological measures, and qualitative methods. To address this gap, we conducted a review to describe existing methods of measuring self-transcendence, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of these methods, and discuss research avenues to advance assessment of self-transcendence, including recommendations for suitability of methods given research contexts

«Quotation and Literary Echo as Structural Principles in Gabriele Wohmann's Frühherbst in Badenweiler.»

In her novel of 1978, Wohmann uses the montage technique—quotations, literary echoes, erudite allusions—of the «classics of modernism» to put the contemporary West German phenomenon of «New Inwardness» in an ironic light. Her protagonist, the composer Hubert Frey, retreats from the stresses of contemporary life to the Black Forest spa of Badenweiler. New Inwardness in him appears allied to New Conservatism which, in reaction to the New Left of the sixties, revives the old German ideal of the «A-Political Man.» Echoing a work of restaurative mentality, Stifter's Nachsommer , Frey's Frühherbst looks back nostalgically on Goethe's classicist phase. As Goethe put his Storm and Stress behind him, Frey analogously repudiates the turbulent youth of the sixties. He sums up his ethos of withdrawal by quoting a passage from one of Goethe's letters. He quotes inaccurately and his self-identification with Goethe rests on shaky foundations. By revealing her protagonist's erudition as faulty and confused, Wohmann unmasks his whole stance as—literally—false. Another of Frey's models, Conrad Aiken, a writer of inwardness and subjectivity, turns out to have been the wrong author for Frey's choice of Badenweiler. The American writer who had actually sojourned there turns out to have been the realist Stephen Crane. Inwardness thus proves literally incorrect and inappropriate to the protagonist's needs. The displacement of the symbolist Aiken by the realist Crane points ahead to the conclusion of the novel. Whereas a World War had been needed to dislodge Thomas Mann's Hans Castorp from his retreat, a mere mouse, invading Frey's hotel room, serves the analogous function in Wohmann's novel. Literary echo, a structural device, functions thematically as both the symptom and the cure of her protagonist's passing relapse into German inwardness

Neutron irradiation for prevention of latch-up in MOS integrated circuits

Bulk silicon integrated circuits can exhibit latch-up effects arising from regenerative switching in the parasitic bipolar transistors inherent in the complex circuit configurations. This is especially true for bulk CMOS integrated circuits in which a vertical NPN and lateral PNP connected in an SCR fashion occur. An extensive amount of work has been done in characterizing and preventing the latch-up which occurs from either transient ionizing radiation or from exceeding the breakdown voltage of the circuits. The purposes of this work were (1) to characterize the long-term annealing of neutron irradiation induced changes in the parasitic bipolar gains of MOS/LSI integrated circuits, and (2) to establish a procedure for neutron irradiation of LSI integrated circuits which would guarantee that latch-up would not occur during the normal lifetime of the circuits

«Quotation and Literary Echo as Structural Principles in Gabriele Wohmann\u27s Frühherbst in Badenweiler.»

In her novel of 1978, Wohmann uses the montage technique—quotations, literary echoes, erudite allusions—of the «classics of modernism» to put the contemporary West German phenomenon of «New Inwardness» in an ironic light. Her protagonist, the composer Hubert Frey, retreats from the stresses of contemporary life to the Black Forest spa of Badenweiler. New Inwardness in him appears allied to New Conservatism which, in reaction to the New Left of the sixties, revives the old German ideal of the «A-Political Man.» Echoing a work of restaurative mentality, Stifter\u27s Nachsommer, Frey\u27s Frühherbst looks back nostalgically on Goethe\u27s classicist phase. As Goethe put his Storm and Stress behind him, Frey analogously repudiates the turbulent youth of the sixties. He sums up his ethos of withdrawal by quoting a passage from one of Goethe\u27s letters. He quotes inaccurately and his self-identification with Goethe rests on shaky foundations. By revealing her protagonist\u27s erudition as faulty and confused, Wohmann unmasks his whole stance as—literally—false. Another of Frey\u27s models, Conrad Aiken, a writer of inwardness and subjectivity, turns out to have been the wrong author for Frey\u27s choice of Badenweiler. The American writer who had actually sojourned there turns out to have been the realist Stephen Crane. Inwardness thus proves literally incorrect and inappropriate to the protagonist\u27s needs. The displacement of the symbolist Aiken by the realist Crane points ahead to the conclusion of the novel. Whereas a World War had been needed to dislodge Thomas Mann\u27s Hans Castorp from his retreat, a mere mouse, invading Frey\u27s hotel room, serves the analogous function in Wohmann\u27s novel. Literary echo, a structural device, functions thematically as both the symptom and the cure of her protagonist\u27s passing relapse into German inwardness

Serial nonvolatile 1024 bit MNOS memory

The characteristics and operation of a nonvolatile MNOS sequential memory designed and built by Sandia National Laboratories for DOD are described. First, a general description and block diagram are presented, followed by the power, voltage, clock and address requirements, and then operating descriptions for the control and data signals. 1 figure, 1 table