Viajes comerciales de intercambio en el departamento de Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna meridional argentina : pasado y presente

Los viajes hacia valles interserranos a lomo de mula fueron una experiencia compartida por todos en esta región de la puna argentina, hasta hace veinte años. En este trabajo se relacionan los datos obtenidos a través de entrevistas a informantes en el departame nto de Antofagasta de la Sierra, con los surgidos tras la consulta de las Actas del Registro Civil y se arriba a conclusiones respecto de los vínculos de parentesco que unieron a quienes comerciaban e intercambiaban mercaderías producidas en alturas diferentes. También se compara la situación de entonces con la actualidad. En la capital del departamento los viajes de intercambio han desaparecido casi en su totalidad, en cambio en otras poblaciones del mismo departamento se han modificado incluyendo en ellos a las mercaderías obtenidas por compra y utilizando la sal como principal elemento de canje

Relatos y ritual referidos a la Pachamama en Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna Meridional argentina

Se consideran en este artículo las características que asume hoy la Pachamama en la puna sur de Catamarca, Argentina. Se describe en primer término el ritual que hoy está vigente en esta zona de la puna meridional. Luego se toman en cuenta las diversas narraciones, recopiladas a partir de 1995 en la localidad de Antofagasta de la Sierra, en las que se nombra a la divinidad telúrica andina. Tratamos de clasificar estos relatos, y analizar su contenido y la relación que guardan respecto de las acciones rituales. A panirde esta relación interpretamos las connotaciones que adquiere la Pachamama como diosa tutelar de los ganados y la fertilidad vegetal y como "dueña" de los animales silvestres.This paper looks at the characteristics taken by the Pachamama in the southern puna of Catamarca, Argentina. To begin with, it describes the ritual as it is practiced today in the southern puna region, It then looks at several narrations recorded since 1995 in Antofagasta de la Sierra, in which the Andean teluric divinity is mentioned. We attempted to divide these accounts into classes, as well as to analyze their contentl and relation to ritual actions. Starting then from this latter relationship, we interpret the connotations of the Pachamama as a mentor god to cattle, plant fertility and as the "lord" of wild animals.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Relatos y ritual referidos a la Pachamama en Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna Meridional argentina

Se consideran en este artículo las características que asume hoy la Pachamama en la puna sur de Catamarca, Argentina. Se describe en primer término el ritual que hoy está vigente en esta zona de la puna meridional. Luego se toman en cuenta las diversas narraciones, recopiladas a partir de 1995 en la localidad de Antofagasta de la Sierra, en las que se nombra a la divinidad telúrica andina. Tratamos de clasificar estos relatos, y analizar su contenido y la relación que guardan respecto de las acciones rituales. A panirde esta relación interpretamos las connotaciones que adquiere la Pachamama como diosa tutelar de los ganados y la fertilidad vegetal y como "dueña" de los animales silvestres.This paper looks at the characteristics taken by the Pachamama in the southern puna of Catamarca, Argentina. To begin with, it describes the ritual as it is practiced today in the southern puna region, It then looks at several narrations recorded since 1995 in Antofagasta de la Sierra, in which the Andean teluric divinity is mentioned. We attempted to divide these accounts into classes, as well as to analyze their contentl and relation to ritual actions. Starting then from this latter relationship, we interpret the connotations of the Pachamama as a mentor god to cattle, plant fertility and as the "lord" of wild animals.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Heparin Strongly Enhances the Formation of β2-Microglobulin Amyloid Fibrils in the Presence of Type I Collagen

The tissue specificity of fibrillar deposition in dialysis-related amyloidosis is most likely associated with the peculiar interaction of beta2-microglobulin (beta2-m) with collagen fibers. However, other co-factors such as glycosaminoglycans might facilitate amyloid formation. In this study we have investigated the role of heparin in the process of collagen-driven amyloidogenesis. In fact, heparin is a well known positive effector of fibrillogenesis, and the elucidation of its potential effect in this type of amyloidosis is particularly relevant because heparin is regularly given to patients subject to hemodialysis to prevent blood clotting. We have monitored by atomic force microscopy the formation of beta2-m amyloid fibrils in the presence of collagen fibers, and we have discovered that heparin strongly accelerates amyloid deposition. The mechanism of this effect is still largely unexplained. Using dynamic light scattering, we have found that heparin promotes beta2-m aggregation in solution at pH 6.4. Morphology and structure of fibrils obtained in the presence of collagen and heparin are highly similar to those of natural fibrils. The fibril surface topology, investigated by limited proteolysis, suggests that the general assembly of amyloid fibrils grown under these conditions and in vitro at low pH is similar. The exposure of these fibrils to trypsin generates a cleavage at the C-terminal of lysine 6 and creates the 7-99 truncated form of beta2-m (DeltaN6beta2-m) that is a ubiquitous constituent of the natural beta2-m fibrils. The formation of this beta2-m species, which has a strong propensity to aggregate, might play an important role in the acceleration of local amyloid deposition

“Alfa”, vega y hortaliza : Riego y siembra en Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna catamarqueña

Se trata de la descripción del sistema de riego actual y de la agricultura resultante en la villa de Antofagasta de la Sierra, ubicada en la zona puneña de la Provincia de Catamarca, registrado en trabajos de campo realizados entre 1995 y 2001. Cultivos prehispánicos como la papa, el maíz y europeos como, especialmente, la alfalfa, habas y algunas hortalizas se logran mediante un sistema de turnos que utiliza tres fuentes de agua. A algunas costumbres, creencias y ritos tradicionales de esta población de pastores, se ha superpuesto la aplicación de la Ley de Aguas de la provincia de Catamarca. Se analizan los conflictos derivados de ello y de la introducción de nuevos cultivos y hábitos recientes.A description of today's irrigation system and resulting agriculture in Antofagasta de la Sierra village is presented. This settlemente is located in the Puna zone within the province of Catamarca, and the data was recorded during fieldwork conducted 1995 to 2001. Prehispanic cultigens such as potatoe, maiz, as well as European plants such as alfalfa, beans and some hortalizas are obtained through a system that uses three sources of water. Some of traditional customs, beliefs and rituals of this herding population were superimposed by the provincial Law of Water use from Catamarca. This paper analyzes the conflicts generated by this, as well as the introduction of new plants and recent habits.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

“Alfa”, vega y hortaliza : Riego y siembra en Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna catamarqueña

Se trata de la descripción del sistema de riego actual y de la agricultura resultante en la villa de Antofagasta de la Sierra, ubicada en la zona puneña de la Provincia de Catamarca, registrado en trabajos de campo realizados entre 1995 y 2001. Cultivos prehispánicos como la papa, el maíz y europeos como, especialmente, la alfalfa, habas y algunas hortalizas se logran mediante un sistema de turnos que utiliza tres fuentes de agua. A algunas costumbres, creencias y ritos tradicionales de esta población de pastores, se ha superpuesto la aplicación de la Ley de Aguas de la provincia de Catamarca. Se analizan los conflictos derivados de ello y de la introducción de nuevos cultivos y hábitos recientes.A description of today's irrigation system and resulting agriculture in Antofagasta de la Sierra village is presented. This settlemente is located in the Puna zone within the province of Catamarca, and the data was recorded during fieldwork conducted 1995 to 2001. Prehispanic cultigens such as potatoe, maiz, as well as European plants such as alfalfa, beans and some hortalizas are obtained through a system that uses three sources of water. Some of traditional customs, beliefs and rituals of this herding population were superimposed by the provincial Law of Water use from Catamarca. This paper analyzes the conflicts generated by this, as well as the introduction of new plants and recent habits.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Red and green defocus curves and duochrome test in different age groups

To compare the eye defocus curves (DCs) obtained with stimuli on red, green, and white backgrounds and to investigate the applicability of the duochrome test (DT) in different age groups. 12 elderly (ELD: 59.3 ± 3.9 years) and 8 young (YG: 22.1 ± 1.1 years) subjects were recruited. An optometric assessment with the DT was carried out to obtain the subjective refraction at distance. DCs at distance on green, white, and red backgrounds were measured and the following parameters were deduced: dioptric difference between red-green, green-white, red-white focal positions (minima of the DCs), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and widths of the DCs for red, green, and white. The DC difference between the green-white focal positions (mean ± standard deviation) was -0.12±0.17 diopters (D) (ELD, p = 0.012) and -0.11±0.12 D (YG, p = 0.039), while the red-white difference was not statistically significant. The DC red-green difference was 0.20±0.16 D (ELD, p = 0.002) and 0.18±0.18 D (YG, p = 0.008). The ELD BCVA with green background was significantly worse than BCVA with red (p = 0.007) and white (p = 0.007). The mean value of the DC's width in ELD for green (1.01±0.36 D) was higher than for red (0.77±0.21 D) and for white (0.84±0.35 D), but with no statistical significance. Both age groups showed a slight focusing preference for red when using white light. Moreover, ELD showed a worse BCVA with a green compared to a red background. Despite these results deduced by DC analyses, these aspects do not compromise the possibility of using the DT in clinical practice both in the young and in the elderly. Furthermore, the difference of about 0.20 D between red-green DC in both groups confirms the clinical appropriateness of the widespread use of 0.25 D step as the standard minimum difference in power between correcting lenses. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Life during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: the influence of cognitive state on psychosocial, behavioral and lifestyle profiles of older adults.

Few studies have examined lockdown effects on the way of living and well-being of older adults stratified by cognitive state. Since cognitive deficits are common in this population, we investigated how cognition influenced their understanding of the pandemic, socio-behavioral responses and lifestyle adaptations during lockdown, and how these factors affected their mood or memory.Telephone-based survey involving 204 older adults ≥65 y/o (median: 82) with previous assessments of cognitive state: 164 normal-old (NOLD), 24 mild-neurocognitive disorder (mild-NCD), 18 mild-moderate dementia. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess psychological and socio-behavioral variables. Logistic regression was used to ascertain their effects on mood and memory.With increasing cognitive deficits, understanding of the pandemic and the ability to follow lockdown policies, adapt to lifestyle changes, and maintain remote interactions decreased. Participants with dementia were more depressed; NOLDs remained physically and mentally active but were more bored and anxious. Sleeping and health problems independently increased the likelihood of depression (OR: 2.29; CI: 1.06-4.93;NOLD and mild-NCD groups showed similar mood-behavioral profiles suggesting better tolerance of lockdown. Those with dementia were unable to adapt and suffered from depression and cognitive complaints. To counteract lockdown effects, physical and mental activities and digital literacy should be encouraged

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio