Antimicrobial activity of Zinc nanopartcles with Lepidium Sativum Seeds Extract for mouthwash

According my knowledge on Zinc nanoparticles with the Lepidium Sativum seeds extract i like to discusses the precise synthesis and characterization of Zinc nanoparticles by using the extract of Lepidium Sativum seeds. as it will may be cover the proper methodology,results and findings relating to the nanoparticles properties, such for size, shape and stability. It will be additionally about my research might be touch upon the potential applications and more benefits of my invented nanoparticles in various fields, considering about the unique properties be a part by the Lepidium Sativum seeds extract.The Zinc nanoparticles with Lepidium Sativum seeds extract for my invented mouthwash like to highlights the development and proper evaluation for a novel mouthwash formulation. As my study more explore about the synthesis of Zinc nanoparticles by using about the Lepidium Sativum seeds extract and their proper incorporation into a mouthwash preparation. As antimicrobial activity i tested in this research by formulated mouthwash preparation

Evaluation and Development of Herbal Based Lozenges for Cough

Our research represents to identify, evaluation and proper manufacturing of the herbal based lozenges for cough by using combination of calamansi, ginger, miracle berry fruit (Synsepalum dulcificum) belonging from the family Sapotaceae and manuka honey as we know manuka honey comes from other country. The herbal based lozenges were formulated properly to provide proper relief from the cough symptoms by using natural herbal ingredients with potential and therapeutic properties. Our research involved with the proper and appropriate preparation of the lozenges we followed by evaluation, identification and analysis of their physical characteristics, organoleptic properties and in vivo dissolution behavior. Our results gives that the herbal based lozenges exhibited desirable attributes and demonstrate a good promising potential for cough relief. For good efficacy and safety we did the clinical trial

Longlasting insecticidal nets for prevention of Leishmania donovani infection in India and Nepal: paired cluster randomised trial

Objective To test the effectiveness of large scale distribution of longlasting nets treated with insecticide in reducing the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal

Classification and Regression Tree and Spatial Analyses Reveal Geographic Heterogeneity in Genome Wide Linkage Study of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis

Genome wide linkage studies (GWLS) have provided evidence for loci controlling visceral leishmaniasis on Chromosomes 1p22, 6q27, 22q12 in Sudan and 6q27, 9p21, 17q11-q21 in Brazil. Genome wide studies from the major focus of disease in India have not previously been reported.We undertook a GWLS in India in which a primary ∼10 cM (515 microsatellites) scan was carried out in 58 multicase pedigrees (74 nuclear families; 176 affected, 353 total individuals) and replication sought in 79 pedigrees (102 nuclear families; 218 affected, 473 total individuals). The primary scan provided evidence (≥2 adjacent markers allele-sharing LOD≥0.59; nominal P≤0.05) for linkage on Chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 20 and X, with peaks at 6p25.3-p24.3 and 8p23.1-p21.3 contributed to largely by 31 Hindu families and at Xq21.1-q26.1 by 27 Muslim families. Refined mapping confirmed linkage across all primary scan families at 2q12.2-q14.1 and 11q13.2-q23.3, but only 11q13.2-q23.3 replicated (combined LOD = 1.59; P = 0.0034). Linkage at 6p25.3-p24.3 and 8p23.1-p21.3, and at Xq21.1-q26.1, was confirmed by refined mapping for primary Hindu and Muslim families, respectively, but only Xq21.1-q26.1 replicated across all Muslim families (combined LOD 1.49; P = 0.0045). STRUCTURE and SMARTPCA did not identify population genetic substructure related to religious group. Classification and regression tree, and spatial interpolation, analyses confirm geographical heterogeneity for linkages at 6p25.3-p24.3, 8p23.1-p21.3 and Xq21.1-q26.1, with specific clusters of families contributing LOD scores of 2.13 (P = 0.0009), 1.75 (P = 0.002) and 1.84 (P = 0.001), respectively.GWLS has identified novel loci that show geographical heterogeneity in their influence on susceptibility to VL in India

Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic

Silver nanoparticles embedded hybrid organometallic complexes: Structural interactions, photo-induced energy transfer, plasmonic effect and optical thermometry

A novel hybrid material comprising of two β-diketonate complexes, Tb(ASA)3Phen (TAP) and Eu(TTA)3Phen (ETP), has been synthesized and studied its photo-physics, energy transfer and optical thermometry applications. Using XRD and FTIR spectra, it has been demonstrated that both the complexes maintain their core entity and show weak interaction between them in the hybrid complex (HC). The TEM images show the coating of ETP layers over nano-fibrous TAP and further, embedded with Ag nanoparticles over HC. It has been observed that ligands (Phen, TTA as well as ASA) absorb the UV radiation and undergoes single to triplet via intersystem crossing transitions by transferring its excitation energy to central lanthanide ions (Eu3+ and Tb3+). In this strategy, an efficient energy transfer between two different species i.e. ASA to Tb3+ (in TAP complex) to Eu+3 ions (of ETP complex) has also been observed. To probe and verify the energy transfer mechanism, life time measurements have been carried out. The life time of Tb3+ decreases in HC as compared with TAP, whereas the life time of Eu3+ increases in HC as compared with ETP. The addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) again enhances the fluorescence intensity of Eu3+ emission band. The prepared HC has further been demonstrated for ambient range temperature (295-365 K) sensing and the sensitivity of the material is found to be 6.8% change in signal per K. The strong optical property and non-toxic nature of this HC is useful in biomedical, bio-imaging and energy harvesting applications

Evaluation of LepidiumSativum seeds extract for anti-asthmatic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The present research evaluated the antiasthmatic properties of two different extracts of LepidiumSativum (LS) seeds: ethyl acetate (LS-EA) and methanol (LS-ME). The research followed the OECD guidelines for Toxicity to ensure safety.The results showed that LS-EA and LS-ME extracts, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, exhibited significant inhibition against the contraction of methacholine, with&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:6912"&gt;69.12&lt;/a&gt;% and&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:5776"&gt;57.76&lt;/a&gt;% inhibition, respectively. Similarly, when tested against betahistine-induced contraction, LS-EA and LS-ME extracts showed inhibition of&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:10037"&gt;100.37&lt;/a&gt;% and 78.5%, respectively. In addition to their mast-cell stabilizing effects, the extracts also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. In an agar model, LS-ME and LS-EA extracts, at a dose of 400 mg/kg, showed inhibition rates of&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:4199"&gt;41.99&lt;/a&gt;% and&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:3073"&gt;30.73&lt;/a&gt;%, respectively. In an egg albumin model, the inhibition rates were&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:4868"&gt;48.68&lt;/a&gt;% for LS-ME and&nbsp;&lt;a href="tel:3412"&gt;34.12&lt;/a&gt;% for LS-EA at the same dose.Furthermore, the LS-ME and LS-EA extracts, at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, were found to significantly decrease betahistine release in Quercetin-induced mast cell degradation. This indicates their potential as mast cell stabilizers. The LS seed extracts also exhibited antioxidant activity as determined by DPPH, reducing power, and metal chelation methods. These findings suggest that LS seeds may possess antioxidant properties. Importantly, the extracts showed a safe margin for oral administration, as determined by acute toxicity evaluation.I n summary, the ethyl acetate (LS-EA) and methanol (LS-ME) extracts of &lt;i&gt;Lepidiumsativum&lt;/i&gt; seeds demonstrated mast cell stabilizing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, and a safe margin for oral administration. These results support the ethnopharmacological use of LS seeds as an antiasthmatic agent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt

Identification and Evaluation of herbal based cough syrup, lipstick and cold cream by using Lepidium Sativum

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cough is a common respiratory symptom that affects individuals of all ages. Herbal remedies have been widely used as an alternative or complementary treatment for coughs. This study aims to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of a herbal-based cough syrup containing extracts of Lepidium Sativum (garden cress), tulsi (holy basil), apple, Indian honey, ginger, clove, vasaka (Adhatodavasica), and rose hips. The cough syrup was formulated based on traditional knowledge and previous scientific research on the therapeutic properties of these herbal ingredients. The study employed various analytical techniques to identify and quantify the active compounds present in the cough syrup. The syrup was also evaluated for its physicochemical properties, including viscosity, pH, and organoleptic characteristics. Basic Safety evaluations were carried out to determine any potential toxicity or adverse effects associated with the herbal-based cough syrup.The results of this study of Safety evaluations demonstrated no signs of toxicity or adverse effects. Overall, this study provides promising evidence for the identification and evaluation of a herbal-based cough syrup containing &lt;i&gt;Lepidiumsativum&lt;/i&gt;, tulsi, apple extract, Indian honey, clove, vasaka, and rose hips. Further clinical trials are warranted to assess its efficacy in human subjects and establish its potential as an alternative treatment for coughs. Our research study 2nd part focuses on the formulation and development of a proper herbal based lipstick utilizing Lepidium Sativum seed extract along with various natural ingredients. Our experiment aimed to create a lipstick with vibrant colors and desirable cosmetic properties. The ingredients used included beeswax, mango butter, olive oil, castor oil, edible coloring agents (cinnamon bark powder, cocoa powder, turmeric powder), Lepidium Sativum seeds extract, vanilla essence, rose essence and lemon juice. Our abstract provides a brief overview of the research's objectives and summarizes the key findings and discussions. Our aim of this 3rd part of study was to develop a proper cold cream by formulation incorporating Lepidium Sativum Seed Extract and evaluate its properties. The cold cream was formulated by using specific ingredients including Propyl Paraben, Borax, Beeswax, Liquid Paraffin, Neem Oil and Almond Oil. Our process of Lepidium Sativum Seeds extract was optimized and the cream's physical and chemical characteristics were assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt

Development of inorganic-organic hybrid nanostructured material for H2O2 sensing application

An organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticle (HNPs) composed of Sm(TTA) _3 Phen, a coordination compound, and NaY _0.78 Er _0.02 Yb _0.20 F _4, an upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), has been developed and used for H _2 O _2 sensing application. Herein, Sm(TTA) _3 Phen absorbs ultraviolet (UV) light and gives fluorescence in yellow-red-near infrared (NIR) region. Whereas, the UCNPs absorb NIR radiations (980 nm) and consequently emit in green-red region through photon upconversion process. Two important optical phenomena are observed when HNPs are simultaneously excited with UV (266 nm) and NIR (980 nm) laser radiation- (i) an energy transfer from Sm ^3+ to Er ^3+ ions, and (ii) color tunable emission from red to green, if the power of 980 nm laser is varied. Further, the material is highly competent to sense H _2 O _2 through fluorescence quenching of Sm ^3+ emission in presence of H _2 O _2 . The nature of quenching is conspicuously different for different concentration/volume range of H _2 O _2 . For lower volume range, the rate of decrease of emission/excitation intensity is linear, while for higher volume range the decay in intensity is exponential. The attained minimum detection limit for H _2 O _2 is 2 μ l, which is significant for sensing applications

The challenges and successes of implementing a sustainable antimicrobial resistance surveillance programme in Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health concern and its surveillance is a fundamental tool for monitoring the development of AMR. In 1998, the Nepalese Ministry of Health (MOH) launched an Infectious Disease (ID) programme. The key components of the programme were to establish a surveillance programme for AMR and to develop awareness among physicians regarding AMR and rational drug usage in Nepal. METHODS: An AMR surveillance programme was established and implemented by the Nepalese MOH in partnership with the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) from 1998 to 2003. From 2004 to 2012, the programme was integrated and maintained as a core activity of the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) and resulted in an increased number of participating laboratories and pathogens brought under surveillance. The main strategies were to build national capacity on isolation, identification and AMR testing of bacterial pathogens, establish laboratory networking and an External Quality Assessment (EQA) programme, promote standardised recording and reporting of results, and to ensure timely analysis and dissemination of data for advocacy and national policy adaptations. The programme was initiated by nine participating laboratories performing AMR surveillance on Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. RESULTS: The number of participating laboratories was ultimately increased to 13 and the number of pathogens under surveillance was increased to seven (Salmonella spp. was added to the surveillance programme in 2002 and extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in 2011). From 1999 to 2012, data were available on 17,103 bacterial isolates. During the AMR programme, we observed changing trends in serovars/species for Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. and V. cholerae and changing AMR trend for all organisms. Notably, N. gonorrhoeae isolates demonstrated increasing resistance to ciprofloxacin. Additionally, the performance of the participating laboratories improved as shown by annual EQA data evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: This Nepalese AMR programme continues and serves as a model for sustainable surveillance of AMR monitoring in resource limited settings