Menschenrechte und der Kampf gegen Trafficking : Projekte der Internationalen Organisation für Migration in der Russischen Föderation und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is probably the most widely known International Governmental Organisation combating trafficking in human beings worldwide. Based on the studies of two anti-trafficking projects, one in the Russian Federation and the other in the Federal Republic of Germany, which were managed by the IOM, I will show how the organisation, as a provider of expertise, shapes the regimes of practice to combat human trafficking and thus the reality, of human trafficking in both countries. In it's projects IOM needs to cooperate with national governments that partly determines their scope and aims, and this has led to a conceptualisation of migration more in terms of the needs of nations than those of migrants. The IOM`s method of migration management is geared towards the needs of the nation-state: eliminating illegal migration and encouraging the migration of skilled labour. In the discourse that emerges from the IOM`s activities, individuals who are trafficked become passive objects. This study raises questions not only about the co-existence of NGOs and national governments, but also about the relationship of experts and their audiences,and how this relationship can affect the production of expert knowledge

Design of Multi-Gigabit Network Interconnect Elements and Protocols for a Data Acquisition System in Radiation Environments

Modern High Energy Physics experiments (HEP) explore the fundamental nature of matter in more depth than ever before and thereby benefit greatly from the advances in the field of communication technology. The huge data volumes generated by the increasingly precise detector setups pose severe problems for the Data Acquisition Systems (DAQ), which are used to process and store this information. In addition, detector setups and their read-out electronics need to be synchronized precisely to allow a later correlation of experiment events accurately in time. Moreover, the substantial presence of charged particles from accelerator-generated beams results in strong ionizing radiation levels, which has a severe impact on the electronic systems. This thesis recommends an architecture for unified network protocol IP cores with custom developed physical interfaces for the use of reliable data acquisition systems in strong radiation environments. Special configured serial bidirectional point-to-point interconnects are proposed to realize high speed data transmission, slow control access, synchronization and global clock distribution on unified links to reduce costs and to gain compact and efficient read-out setups. Special features are the developed radiation hardened functional units against single and multiple bit upsets, and the common interface for statistical error and diagnosis information, which integrates well into the protocol capabilities and eases the error handling in large experiment setups. Many innovative designs for several custom FPGA and ASIC platforms have been implemented and are described in detail. Special focus is placed on the physical layers and network interface elements from high-speed serial LVDS interconnects up to 20 Gb/s SSTL links in state-of-the-art process technology. The developed IP cores are fully tested by an adapted verification environment for electronic design automation tools and also by live application. They are available in a global repository allowing a broad usage within further HEP experiments

Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500 MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Published in European Physical Journal

Sound Signalling in Orthoptera

The sounds produced by orthopteran insects are very diverse. They are widely studied for the insight they give into acoustic behaviour and the biophysical aspects of sound production and hearing, as well as the transduction of sound to neural signals in the ear and the subsequent processing of information in the central nervous system. The study of sound signalling is a multidisciplinary area of research, with a strong physiological contribution. This review considers recent research in physiology and the links with related areas of acoustic work on the Orthoptera

Human Rights and the Fight against Trafficking : Projects of the Internation Organisation for Migration in the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is probably the most widely known International Governmental Organisation combating trafficking in human beings worldwide. Based on the studies of two anti-trafficking projects, one in the Russian Federation and the other in the Federal Republic of Germany, which were managed by the IOM, I will show how the organisation, as a provider of expertise, shapes the regimes of practice to combat human trafficking and thus the reality, of human trafficking in both countries. In it's projects IOM needs to cooperate with national governments that partly determines their scope and aims, and this has led to a conceptualisation of migration more in terms of the needs of nations than those of migrants. The IOM`s method of migration management is geared towards the needs of the nation-state: eliminating illegal migration and encouraging the migration of skilled labour. In the discourse that emerges from the IOM`s activities, individuals who are trafficked become passive objects. This study raises questions not only about the co-existence of NGOs and national governments, but also about the relationship of experts and their audiences,and how this relationship can affect the production of expert knowledge

Statistics and sportsbook

This bachelor thesis describes the history and fundamental terminology of sportsbook. In theoretical part it describes how to become successful bookmaker and explains specific procedures. In practical part are these procedures applied to real outputs and there's given a solution how to process analysis of sportsbook on the rebound. There are further analysed the lottery and betting games as a complex unit, in which it's finding specific trend and it also deals with the return rate in single games. The last part of the thesis describes frequency testing of relative hypotheses, which are based on favorite betting analysis. During this testing there is compared this frequency in individual seasons and also in a single season