694 research outputs found

    Constraining the epoch of reionization with the variance statistic: simulations of the LOFAR case

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    Several experiments are underway to detect the cosmic redshifted 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Due to their very low signal-to-noise ratio, these observations aim for a statistical detection of the signal by measuring its power spectrum. We investigate the extraction of the variance of the signal as a first step towards detecting and constraining the global history of the EoR. Signal variance is the integral of the signal's power spectrum, and it is expected to be measured with a high significance. We demonstrate this through results from a simulation and parameter estimation pipeline developed for the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR)-EoR experiment. We show that LOFAR should be able to detect the EoR in 600 hours of integration using the variance statistic. Additionally, the redshift (zrz_r) and duration (Δz\Delta z) of reionization can be constrained assuming a parametrization. We use an EoR simulation of zr=7.68z_r = 7.68 and Δz=0.43\Delta z = 0.43 to test the pipeline. We are able to detect the simulated signal with a significance of 4 standard deviations and extract the EoR parameters as zr=7.720.18+0.37z_r = 7.72^{+0.37}_{-0.18} and Δz=0.530.23+0.12\Delta z = 0.53^{+0.12}_{-0.23} in 600 hours, assuming that systematic errors can be adequately controlled. We further show that the significance of detection and constraints on EoR parameters can be improved by measuring the cross-variance of the signal by cross-correlating consecutive redshift bins.Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRA

    Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV data

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    Observation of Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations in p-Pb Collisions and Its Implication for the Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect

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    Search for R-parity violating supersymmetry with displaced vertices in proton-proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

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    Search for heavy gauge W ' bosons in events with an energetic lepton and large missing transverse momentum at root s=13TeV

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    Multiplicity and rapidity dependence of strange hadron production in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions at the LHC

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    Search for anomalous Wtb couplings and flavour-changing neutral currents in t-channel single top quark production in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 TeV

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    Search for massive resonances decaying in to WW,WZ or ZZ bosons in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    Search for supersymmetry in events with photons and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at 13 TeV

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