EFEKTIVITAS PASAL 2 PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA MALANG NO. 16 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG IZIN GANGGUAN (HO)

ABSTRAKSalwa Awad Alkatiri, Hukum Administrasi Negara, Fakultas Hukum UniversitasBrawijaya, Mei 2013, [email protected], EFEKTIVITAS PASAL 2PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA MALANG NO. 16 TAHUN 2007 TENTANGIZIN GANGGUAN (HO), Prof. Dr. Sudarsono, SH. MS. Dr. Shinta Hadiyantina,SH. MH.Rentannya bisnis di bidang restoran dan spa akan menimbulkan berbagaigangguan, maka diperlukan Izin Gangguan untuk mencegah  kemungkinankemungkinan yang buruk yang mungkin akan terjadi. Seperti halnya suatu kegiatan usaha pasti sedikitnya dapat menyebabkan terganggunya suatukehidupan lingkungan di sekitar tempat kegiatan usaha tersebut. Untuk itu penulismengambil dua macam permasalahan yang dituangkan dalam skripsi ini yaknimengenai bagaimanakah Efektivitas Pasal 2 Peraturan Daerah Kota Malang No.16 Tahun 2007 tentang Izin Gangguan (HO) terkait dengan pemberian izin gangguan usaha Dhoghadho di Tlogomas Kota Malang dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap Efektivitas Pasal 2 Peraturan Daerah Kota Malang No.16 Tahun 2007 terkait dengan pemberian izin gangguan usaha Dhoghadho di Tlogomas Kota Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah yuridis empiris dengan model pendekatan sosiologis. Penulis menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder yang disusun secara sistematika yakni berurutan dari bab I, bab II, bab III dan bab IV. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, maka kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah: Berdasarkan hasil analisa mengenai substansi peraturan perundang-undangan secara keseluruhan dapat dikatakan belum efektif. Hal itu dikarenakan peraturan tersebut tidak berhasil diterapkan di lapangan serta tidak memudahkan masyarakat dalam memahami peraturan sehingga tidak dapat meminimalisir pelanggaran. Sedangkan, berdasarkan hasil analisa aparatur penegak hukum, serta mengenai prasarana dalam pelayanan perizinan secara keseluruhan sudah efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan telah tercapainya professionalisme dan kefokusan pegawai BP2T Kota Malang dalam memberikan pelayanan perizinan, khususnya mengenai izin gangguan (HO) serta prasarana guna menunjang pelayanan perizinan yang lebih baik, hal tersebut juga sudah tercapai. Sedangkan, berdasarkan analisa kesadaran masyarakat secara keseluruhan juga dirasa belum efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya kesadaran dan kejujuran serta kepatuhan masyarakat yang berperan penting dalam perizinan khususnya izin gangguan (HO). Sehingga dengan keadaan seperti itu peraturan mengenai izin gangguan tidak dapat berjalan dengan efektif dan tidak memberikan keuntungan bagi Daerah dalam pendapatan Kas Daerah.Kata Kunci: Izin Gangguan (HO)

EFFECT OF BENZOIC ACID AND MYCORRHIZA ON MENTHA VIRIDS PLANTS GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS

The response of spearmint plants growth, volatile oil production and volatile oil constituents to benzoic acid (BZA) treatments and inoculation by mycorrhizal fungi under different irrigation levels was studied. Three levels of soil moisture 30%, 60% and 100% field capacity (FC) were used. BZA was applied at three rates 0, 150 and 300 ppm, while Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were used at 1g/1kg soil. Results showed that benzoic acid (300ppm) or mycorrhizal fungi were capable to alleviate the deteriorative effect of drought stress. The plants which irrigated with 100% FC and treated by AMF or BZA at 300 ppm recorded an improvement in growth characters in term of plant height, fresh and dry weights and volatile oil yield. Meanwhile, the highest volatile oil percentage during the two seasons were recorded at 60% FC with mycorrhizal fungi followed by benzoic acid at 300 ppm treatment. It was noticed that, the vegetative growth, oil  production and oil yield increased when the plants were treated by mycorrhizal fungi or BZA at 300 ppm and irrigated at 60% FC compared to those plants irrigated by 100% FC and untreated. Proline content was increased in plants under drought stress (30% FC) and untreated. The lowest values of proline content were found in the plants irrigated by 100% FC and treated by either benzoic acid or mycorrhizal fungi. Also, data showed that, dehydrogenase enzyme activity was the best under the highest level of field capacity (100% FC) with inoculation by mycorrhizal fungi. On the other hand; catalase enzyme activity was superior under the lowest level of FC (30%). AMF colonization infection on roots of spearmint plants increased with high level of FC (100%). AMF spores recorded significant increases under different levels of field capacity after harvesting period particular with mycorrhizal treatment followed by BZA (300ppm) treatment. It is of interest to mention that treating spearmint plants with benzoic acid and mycorrhiza induce mitigation effect on the harmful effect of stress condition

MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADVERSE EFFECT BY ACCELERATING FENNEL GROWTH AND FLOWERING

The present experiment was conducted during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons in the Farm of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department in El Kanater El Khairia, Egypt to study the effect of ascorbic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA) individually and in combination on Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare plants, in order to alleiviate climate change adverse effect by induce early flowering and to stimulate the growth and yield. Ascorbic acid and citric acid were sprayed at two rates 100 and 200 ppm. The following results were recorded: In general, Indian fennel plants were significantly responded to ascorbic and citric acid. Ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 ppm and citric acid at 200ppm increased the vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil production. Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering, this means that, the antioxidant ascorbic and citric acid stimulating fennel growth, shortening the juvenility stage and induce early flowering. The treated plants by the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm gave the highest vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant, essential oil production and accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control. Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppm gave the highest anethole content and the lowest fenchone. Ascorbic acid at 200ppm with CA at 200 ppm produced the least time to flowering. The application of the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at the highest rate 200ppm had a promotion effect in growth traits and inducing early flowering, therefore accelerating fruiting of fennel plants before the sharp fluctuations of climate that occurred in the spring which in turn had a bad effect in fruiting of umbelliferous plants

Complaints of the arm, neck and shoulder among computer office workers in Sudan: a prevalence study with validation of an Arabic risk factors questionnaire

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Complaints of the arm, neck and/or shoulders (CANS) in general and computer-related disorders in particular affect millions of computer office workers in Western developed countries. However, with the widespread use of computer systems in developing countries, the associated musculoskeletal complaints are yet to be investigated.</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>To study the prevalence of work-related CANS, among computer office workers in Sudan, and to test the psychometric properties of a translated Dutch questionnaire in Arabic language.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 2005 282 computer office workers at a mobile telecommunication company and three banks in Khartoum, Sudan, received an Arabic language version of the validated Maastricht upper extremity questionnaire (MUEQ). The questionnaire holds 109 items covering demographic characteristics, in addition to six main domains (i.e. work station, body posture, break time, job control, job demands and social support) assessing potential physical and psychosocial risk factors. Forward/backward translation of the MUQE was done independently by two different translators. Prevalence over the past year were computed for CANS. Further, the psychometric properties of the Arabic questionnaire were investigated (i.e. factor structure and reliability) and cross-validation was carried out.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The response rate of the questionnaire was 88% (n = 250). The one-year prevalence of CANS showed that 53% of the respondents could be classified as mild cases. The highest incidences were found for neck and shoulder symptoms (64% and 41% respectively). The analysis of the psychometric properties of the scale resulted in the identification of 2 factors for each of the 6 domains (i.e. office equipment, computer position, head and body posture, awkward body posture, autonomy, quality of break time, skill discretion, decision authority, time pressure, task complexity, social support, and work flow). The calculation of internal consistency and cross validation provided evidence of reliability and lack of redundancy of items.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of CANS among the targeted population seems to correspond strongly with prevalence of CANS in Western developed countries. The Arabic translation of the MUEQ has satisfactory psychometric properties to be used to assess work-related risk factors for the development of CANS among computer office workers in Sudan.</p

June 1967 in Personal Stories of Palestinians and Israelis

The clash of June 1967, called by Israelis the Six-Day War and by Palestinians the Naksa (setback), is a critical milestone within the longstanding Israeli- Palestinian conflict. Despite all the scholarly attention ever since, there remain unheard voices and untold stories. It is the personal stories of people in the region that are at the center of this book. How do they remember 1967? How were their lives affected, even changed dramatically as a result of that short war? Listening to their stories as told some 50 years later, an incomplete tapestry of memories and understandings emerge. This book is the product of a re- search collaboration among Palestinian, Israeli and European folklorists, cultural anthropologists and sociologists. The personal stories were collected in the framework of interviews with men and women from all walks of life, on the days before, during and after this dramatic confrontation. The book is comprised of eleven chapters based on a corpus of several hundred conversations, as well as eight representative interviews. Together they afford insight into differential memories and sensations, visions of euphoria and despair, newly revived hopes, pain and disappointment, disillusionment and repentance

June 1967 in Personal Stories of Palestinians and Israelis

The clash of June 1967, called by Israelis the Six-Day War and by Palestinians the Naksa (setback), is a critical milestone within the longstanding Israeli- Palestinian conflict. Despite all the scholarly attention ever since, there remain unheard voices and untold stories. It is the personal stories of people in the region that are at the center of this book. How do they remember 1967? How were their lives affected, even changed dramatically as a result of that short war? Listening to their stories as told some 50 years later, an incomplete tapestry of memories and understandings emerge. This book is the product of a re- search collaboration among Palestinian, Israeli and European folklorists, cultural anthropologists and sociologists. The personal stories were collected in the framework of interviews with men and women from all walks of life, on the days before, during and after this dramatic confrontation. The book is comprised of eleven chapters based on a corpus of several hundred conversations, as well as eight representative interviews. Together they afford insight into differential memories and sensations, visions of euphoria and despair, newly revived hopes, pain and disappointment, disillusionment and repentance

Pharmacist, Nurses and Physiotherapist and their Roles in Management of Osteoarthritis

Providing evidence-based therapy for older persons with Osteoarthritis (OA) through primary care physiotherapists and pharmacists led to immediate enhancements in health outcomes, decreased reliance on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines, and high levels of patient satisfaction. Physiotherapy appeared to result in a change in consultation behavior, moving away from the conventional paradigm of treatment headed by general practitioners. Physiotherapists in community settings are well-positioned to provide a comprehensive care plan that integrates self-help advice into an exercise-focused treatment program. They can also help transfer the responsibility of managing chronic musculoskeletal issues from general practitioners. In addition, community pharmacists have been associated with a novel responsibility as "supplementary prescribers." This enables them to evaluate and, if needed, prescribe specific medications as part of a mutually agreed clinical management plan for patients whose condition has been evaluated by an independent prescriber, such as a general practitioner. Studies have demonstrated that interventions conducted by pharmacists and nurses have a positive impact on prescribing practices. These interventions help to decrease the occurrence of adverse drug responses, enhance the appropriateness of drug use, lower drug expenses, and improve patient compliance across various medical conditions

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

The effect of digital governance in risk management in health institutions amidst Corona Pandemic: A study applied on a sample of workers in health institutions

This study aimed to identify the existing situation and the extent to which digitization of governance contribute in enhancing the role of health institutions in preventing the spread of epidemics by managing and containing the risks resulting from the spread of the Corona virus and reducing its risks. It was applied to a representative sample of health institutions workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which included (50) members. The data was analyzed using the statistical analysis program, statistical packages for the social sciences, and many results and recommendations were presented. The results revealed that there is a clear tendency towards digitization of governance in health institutions in the Kingdom, which resulted in a superior ability to manage risks during the pandemic, limit its spread and reduce its risks, as it was found from the statistical tables for the respondents’ response to the elements of the hypothesis related to the first factor (governance of formulating plans for risk management) and the second element (The digital governance of health institutions) reflected positive responses by more than (90%) of the total responses