Valorization of Cistus ladanifer and Erica arborea shrubs for fuel: Wood and bark thermal characterization

As a form of upgraded biomass characterized by its high energy density, low production costs, and low process energy requirements, wood pellets are an environmentally friendly fuel allowing for carbon neutral heating with high energy efficiency. In this work, the suitability of a valorization of the woods from the two most representative shrub species from the Iberian Peninsula (namely Cistus ladanifer and Erica arborea) for heating has been assessed. Whereas Erica arborea met the requirements of ISO 17225-2:2014 for ENplus-B class (the calorific content for both wood and bark was high and not significantly different, and the ash content was permissible for specimens with branch diameter =2, 8 cm), Cistus ladanifer was in the limit of the normative and only met the requirements in terms of acceptable ash percentage (1, 9%) and heating value (19 kJ·g-1) for old specimens with branch diameters > 3, 4 cm. Consequently, while the harvest of E. arborea for its use as fuel does not need to be selective, that of C. ladanifer should be limited to the most robust specimens and foliage should be avoided

Mediterranean shrublands as carbon sinks for climate change mitigation: new root-to-shoot ratios

Shrublands play an important role in the reduction of atmospheric CO2 and contribute to the mitigation of the effects of climate change, due to their ability to act as carbon sinks and the large expanses of land involved. Two of the most representative shrub species in the Iberian Peninsula, Cistus ladanifer L. and Erica arborea L., were studied in terms of biomass distribution and carbon and nitrogen contents in the different fractions. With a view to fast and cost-effective estimation of radical biomass, a new procedure for easy root-to-shoot calculation based on vibrational data was proposed, resulting in an excellent agreement with the values obtained from conventional direct belowground and aerial biomass measurements: 0.23 for C. ladanifer and 0.54 for E. arborea. Carbon sequestration, estimated at 45 and 73 t CO2 eq·ha-1 for C. ladanifer and E. arborea, respectively, was subsequently determined. Since these values are substantially higher than those of other shrubs, these two key species can be deemed particularly promising for ecological restoration and carbon offsetting

“It ain’t (just) what you do, it’s (also) the way that you do it”: The role of Procedural Justice in the Implementation of Anti-social Behaviour Interventions with Young People

This paper provides an analysis of the introduction and implementation of hybrid powers to regulate anti-social behaviour, during a period of regulatory ‘hyperactivity’ in the UK. It explores the role of procedural justice by drawing on findings from a study conducted in England which investigated the implementation practices and experiences of young people and parents. These are considered against seven characteristics of procedural justice: voice; voluntariness; respectful treatment; parsimony; accuracy of information; fairness; and neutrality. The paper analyses the manner in which principles of voluntary cooperation can be corrupted by threats of punitive sanctions. It questions the extent to which the use of such hybrid orders fosters perceptions of legitimacy and supports the capacity of young people to avoid criminalisation

Measurement of the t-channel single top quark production cross section in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV

Peer reviewe

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Long-term immune response accompanies clinical outcomes in severe asthmatics treated with anti-IL-5/IL-5R biologics

This work was supported by ISCIII - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, FIS (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria - Spanish Health Research Fund) grants PI21/00896 and FI19/00067; Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); SEAIC grants 22A07; BASEAS STUDY (Basophils in EosinophilicAsthma) Study Code ESR-20-20764 AstraZeneca International; Comunidad de Madrid grant PEJ2021-AI_BMD-22320 and FEDER funds (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regiona

Architecture of the ESCPE-1 membrane coat

Recycling of membrane proteins enables the reuse of receptors, ion channels and transporters. A key component of the recycling machinery is the endosomal sorting complex for promoting exit 1 (ESCPE-1), which rescues transmembrane proteins from the endolysosomal pathway for transport to the trans-Golgi network and the plasma membrane. This rescue entails the formation of recycling tubules through ESCPE-1 recruitment, cargo capture, coat assembly and membrane sculpting by mechanisms that remain largely unknown. Herein, we show that ESCPE-1 has a single-layer coat organization and suggest how synergistic interactions between ESCPE-1 protomers, phosphoinositides and cargo molecules result in a global arrangement of amphipathic helices to drive tubule formation. Our results thus define a key process of tubule-based endosomal sorting.This work was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (PID2020- 119132GB-I00, CEX2021-001136-S) (to A.H.), the Intramural Program of NICHD, NIH (ZIA HD001607 to J.S.B.), the Swiss National Science Foundation grant 205321 179041 (to D.C.-D.), the Human Frontiers Science Program grant RGP0017/2020 (to D.C.-D.) and the PID2021- 127309NB-I00 funded by AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER, UE (to D.C.-D.). This study made use of the Diamond Light Source proposal MX20113, ALBA synchrotron beamline BL13-XALOC, the cryo-EM facilities at the UK Electron Bio-Imaging Centre, proposals EM17171- 6 and EM17171, and the Midlands Regional Cryo-EM Facility at the Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology (LISCB). We thank C. Savva (LISCB, University of Leicester) for his help in cryo-EM data collection. With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2021-001136-S