Perinatal characteristics and longer-term outcomes in Brazilian children with confirmed or suspected congenital Zika infection: ZIKAction Paediatric Registry

Background: Despite growing scientific knowledge of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, questions remain regarding ZIKV infection in pregnancy and congenital ZIKV syndrome (CZS). Methods: The ZIKAction Paediatric Registry is an international registry of children with documented ZIKV exposure in utero and/or with confirmed or suspected CZS. Its aim is to characterize these children (i.e., clinical, radiological, neurodevelopmental features) and describe outcomes, longer-term sequelae and management through retrospective case note review. This analysis described the maternal and perinatal characteristics of children in the Registry’s Bahia arm, assessed their neuroimaging, ophthalmic, hearing and electroencephalography abnormalities by microcephaly classification and reported on hospitalisations. Children born in 2015-2018 and enrolled 2020-2021 in three public health facilities in Salvador were included. Results: Of 129 (57% female) children, 15 (11·6%) had laboratory-confirmed congenital ZIKV infection and 114 (88·4%) suspected CZS. At delivery, 15 (11·6%) were normocephalic, 30 (23·3%) moderately microcephalic, and 84 (65·1%) severely microcephalic. Median birth head circumference z-score was -3·51 [IQR, -4·69,-2·73]. During follow-up, all children had abnormal neuroimaging, 80·3% (94/117) abnormal electroencephalogram, 62·2% (77/120) ophthalmic abnormalities, and 27·4% (34/124) hearing impairment. Microcephaly classification was significantly associated with gestational age, and ophthalmological and electroencephalography abnormalities. Of 125 children with hospitalisation data, 52 (41·6%) had been hospitalised by most recent follow-up, at median age of 15·8 [4·0, 34·4] months; infections were the leading cause. Conclusion: Congenital ZIKV infection is an emerging disease with a varied and incompletely understood spectrum. Continued long-term follow-up is essential to understand longer-term prognosis and to inform future health and educational needs

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Impact of common cardio-metabolic risk factors on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: an individual-level pooled analysis of 31 cohort studies

Background: Estimates of the burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) rely on relative risks (RRs) from non-LAC countries. Whether these RRs apply to LAC remains un- known. Methods: We pooled LAC cohorts. We estimated RRs per unit of exposure to body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC) and non-HDL cholesterol on fatal (31 cohorts, n = 168,287) and non-fatal (13 cohorts, n = 27,554) cardiovascular diseases, adjusting for regression dilution bias. We used these RRs and national data on mean risk factor levels to estimate the number of cardiovascular deaths attributable to non-optimal levels of each risk factor. Results: Our RRs for SBP, FPG and TC were like those observed in cohorts conducted in high-income countries; however, for BMI, our RRs were consistently smaller in people below 75 years of age. Across risk factors, we observed smaller RRs among older ages. Non-optimal SBP was responsible for the largest number of attributable cardiovascular deaths ranging from 38 per 10 0,0 0 0 women and 54 men in Peru, to 261 (Dominica, women) and 282 (Guyana, men). For non-HDL cholesterol, the lowest attributable rate was for women in Peru (21) and men in Guatemala (25), and the largest in men (158) and women (142) from Guyana. Interpretation: RRs for BMI from studies conducted in high-income countries may overestimate disease burden metrics in LAC; conversely, RRs for SBP, FPG and TC from LAC cohorts are similar to those esti- mated from cohorts in high-income countries

Erosão hídrica pós-plantio em florestas de eucalipto na bacia do rio Paraná, no leste do Mato Grosso do Sul

Nas regiões tropicais, o desgaste provocado no solo por ação das águas da chuva, ou seja, a erosão hídrica é a mais importante forma de degradação do solo. Visto que os plantios florestais de eucalipto estão inseridos em ecossistemas sensíveis às perturbações antrópicas em razão de ocorrência de plantações em solos com baixos teores de argila, com baixa fertilidade natural e grande parte das plantações estabelecidas em antigas áreas agrícolas e de pastagens degradadas, surge a necessidade do entendimento dos processos que regem a erosão hídrica e suas relações com as perdas de solo e água nos sistemas florestais. Objetivaram-se com este trabalho calcular os valores de erosividade da chuva (fator R - EI30), estimar a tolerância de perda de solo (T) para as classes representativas nas áreas de estudo, avaliar as perdas de solo e água por erosão hídrica e verificar a influência, por meio de análise de componentes principais (ACP), de atributos físicos e matéria orgânica do solo sobre a erosão hídrica em florestas de eucalipto no estádio de pós-plantio. Os tratamentos constituíram de diferentes sistemas de manejo dos resíduos e da disposição de plantio (nível e desnível), em dois biomas distintos, Cerrado e Floresta, e solo descoberto. Os solos foram classificados como Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico textura média-alta fase floresta (LVd1) e Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico textura média-baixa fase cerrado (LVd2). O estudo foi realizado em áreas experimentais de plantio de eucalipto localizadas no município de Três Lagoas, na bacia do Rio Paraná, no leste do Mato Grosso do Sul. O índice de erosividade anual obtido foi de 6.792,7 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1. Os valores de T variaram de 9,0 a 11,0 Mg ha-1 ano-1, para o LVd2 e LVd1, respectivamente. As perdas de solo apresentaram valores em torno de 0 a 0,505 Mg ha-1 no LVd1 e de 0 a 0,853 Mg ha-1, no LVd2. A ACP evidenciou-se eficiente na discriminação dos sistemas de manejo em razão da interação entre os atributos físicos e matéria orgânica do solo e suas relações com a erosão hídrica, possibilitando visualizar de forma clara a influência do manejo sobre esses atributos e a relação de ambos com as perdas de solo e água

Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor na infância e eventos obstétricos

Objective: Investigate and analyze the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development in children aged 0 to 12 years. The research aims to contribute to understanding the impacts of these events on child development, providing insights that can guide obstetric practices, early interventions, and strategies for promoting health in childhood.Introduction: Contextualization and relevance of the study, addressing the importance of understanding the influence of obstetric events on neuropsychomotor child development. The need to explore this relationship is emphasized to inform obstetric practices and intervention strategies that promote healthy development in childhood. Methodology: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scielo, and Latindex databases using terms related to neuropsychomotor development and obstetric events. The DeCS terms used included "Neurology," "Growth and Development," "Child Development," "Obstetric Delivery," "Child Psychiatry," and "Adverse Birth Outcomes," combined with boolean operators AND and OR. Conclusion: The conclusion highlights the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development. Understanding risk factors guides prevention and personalized interventions, addressing neonatal vulnerability. Evaluation and diagnosis are vital for adapted support, and therapeutic interventions drive progress. Emphasis on prevention, family support, research, and advocacy is crucial for inclusive environments and healthy development.Objetivo: Investigar e analisar a relação entre eventos obstétricos e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 0 a 12 anos. A pesquisa visa contribuir para a compreensão dos impactos desses eventos no desenvolvimento infantil, fornecendo insights que possam orientar práticas obstétricas, intervenções precoces e estratégias de promoção da saúde na infância. Introdução: Contextualização e relevância do estudo, abordando a importância de compreender a influência dos eventos obstétricos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Destaca-se a necessidade de explorar essa relação para informar práticas obstétricas e estratégias de intervenção que promovam um desenvolvimento saudável na infância. Metodologia: Foram conduzidas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Latindex usando termos relacionados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eventos obstétricos. Os DeCs utilizados incluíram "Neurologia", "Crescimento e Desenvolvimento", "Desenvolvimento Infantil", "Parto Obstétrico", "Psiquiatria Infantil" e "Desfechos Adversos do Nascimento", combinados por operadores booleanos AND e OR. Conclusão: A conclusão destaca a relação entre eventos obstétricos e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Entender fatores de risco guia prevenção e intervenções personalizadas, atendendo à vulnerabilidade neonatal. Avaliação e diagnóstico são vitais para suporte adaptado, e intervenções terapêuticas impulsionam o progresso. A ênfase em prevenção, suporte familiar, pesquisa e advocacia é crucial para ambientes inclusivos e o desenvolvimento saudável

Los contratos sobre el buque en Derecho Español. Análisis práctico

Prólogo / José Luis Gabaldón García (pp. 9-13). -- Introducción (pp. 15-18). -- El contrato de construcción naval: aspectos prácticos / Gonzalo Alvar Ezquerra (pp. 19-37). -- El contrato de compraventa / Carlos López-Quiroga, Luz Martínez de Azcoitia y José Sánchez-Fayos Martín-Peña (pp. 39-58). -- El contrato de arrendamiento de buque / Rodolfo González Lebrero (pp. 59-75). -- El contrato de fletamento por tiempo / José María Alcántara González (pp. 77-102). -- El contrato de fletamento por viaje: contenido obligacional / Juan Pablo Rodríguez Delgado (pp. 103-144). -- El contrato de transporte marítimo en régimen de conocimiento de embarque / Javier del Corte (pp. 145-186). -- Los documentos de transporte / Carlos Llorente (pp. 187-205). -- Contratos de utilización del buque para fines distintos del transporte de mercancías / José Manuel G. Pellicer (pp. 207-221). -- El contrato de arrendamiento náutico / León von Ondarza (pp. 223-244). -- El contrato de pasaje marítimo / Hannah de Bustos, Antonio Quirós de Sas y Julio López Quiroga (pp. 245-260). -- Los contratos de gestión naval para la dotación del buque / Bernardo Ruiz Lima (pp. 261-279). -- El contrato de gestión naval / Víctor Mata Garrido (pp. 281-302). -- El contrato de consignación de buques /Jesús Barbadillo Eyzaguirre (pp. 303-323). -- El contrato de manipulación portuaria / Carlos Pérez (pp. 325-338). -- El contrato de practicaje / Alicia Velasco Nates (pp. 339-356). -- Los contratos de mediación en la explotación del buque / Carmen Codes Cid y Martín Prieto Sulleiro (pp. 357-372). -- El contrato de remolque / Ana Sánchez Horneros (pp. 373- 392). -- El contrato de remolque / Jaime de Castro (pp. 393-412). -- El contrato de salvamento / Luis Souto (pp. 413-430). -- El contrato de remoción de restos / Verónica Meana (pp. 431-446). -- El contrato de clasificación del buque / Jaime Rodrigo de Larrucea (pp. 447-463). -- El seguro de casco y máquina / Carlos Cerdá Donat y Diego de San Simón Palacios (pp. 465-491). -- Los clubes de protección e indemnización (P&I) / Miguel Caballero (pp. 493-504). -- El seguro de protección e indemnización (P&I) / Jaime Albors (pp. 505-524). -- El seguro del acreedor hipotecario / Luis F. Gómez de Mariaca Fernández (pp. 525-540)

In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., "If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others") or potential gains (e.g., "If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others")? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014–2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V

Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of $t\overline{t}$, $W+b\overline{b}$ and $W+c\overline{c}$ is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 $\pm$ 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The $W$ bosons are reconstructed in the decays $W\rightarrow\ell\nu$, where $\ell$ denotes muon or electron, while the $b$ and $c$ quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions