293 research outputs found
A simple and economical device to process Ti cylinders with elongated porosity by freeze-casting techniques: design and manufacturing [PĂłster]
Design, manufacture and validation of a simple and economic device that allows producing Ti cylinders with directed porosity applying the freeze-casting technique, and the study of the influence on the internal structure of the Ti porous samples when different materials are used for the vessel (alumina or Teflon).Junta de AndalucĂa (Spain) Grant No. P12-TEP-1401Ministry of Economy and Innovation of Spain project MAT2015-71284-
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with IGH translocations are characterized by a distinct genetic landscape with prognostic implications
Chromosome 14q32 rearrangements/translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) are rarely detected in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The prognostic significance of the IGH translocation is controversial and its mutational profile remains unknown. Here, we present for the first time a comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 46 CLL patients with IGH rearrangement (IGHR-CLLs) and we demonstrate that IGHR-CLLs have a distinct mutational profile with recurrent mutations in NOTCH1, IGLL5, POT1, BCL2, FBXW7, ZMYM3, MGA, BRAF and HIST1H1E genes. Interestingly, BCL2 and FBXW7 mutations were significantly associated with this subgroup and almost half of BCL2, IGLL5 and HISTH1E mutations reported were previously identified in non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Notably, IGH/BCL2 rearrangements were associated with a lower mutation frequency and carried BCL2 and IGLL5 mutations, while the other IGHR-CLLs had mutations in genes related to poor prognosis (NOTCH1, SF3B1 and TP53) and shorter time to first treatment (TFT). Moreover, IGHR-CLLs patients showed a shorter TFT than CLL patients carrying 13q-, normal fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and +12 CLL, being this prognosis particularly poor when NOTCH1, SF3B1, TP53, BIRC3 and BRAF were also mutated. The presence of these mutations not only was an independent risk factor within IGHR-CLLs, but also refined the prognosis of low-risk cytogenetic patients (13q-/normal FISH). Hence, our study demonstrates that IGHR-CLLs have a distinct mutational profile from the majority of CLLs and highlights the relevance of incorporating NGS and the status of IGH by FISH analysis to refine the risk-stratification CLL model
Titanium with elongated porosity: design, manufacture and optimization of frezze-casting device [PĂłster]
Junta de AndalucĂa (Spain) Grant No. P12TEP-1401Ministry of Economy and Innovation (Spain) project MAT2015-71284-
Impact of uterine manipulator on oncological outcome in endometrial cancer surgery
Background: There are limited data available to indicate whether oncological outcomes might be influenced by the uterine manipulator, which is used at the time of hysterectomy for minimally invasive surgery in patients with endometrial cancer. The current evidence derives from retrospective studies with limited sample sizes. Without substantial evidence to support its use, surgeons are required to make decisions about its use based only on their personal choice and surgical experience.
Objective: To evaluate the use of the uterine manipulator on oncological outcomes after minimally invasive surgery, for apparent early-stage endometrial cancer. Study Design: We performed a retrospective multicentric study to assess the oncological safety of uterine manipulator use in patients with apparent early-stage endometrial cancer, treated with minimally invasive surgery. The type of manipulator, surgical staging, histology, lymphovascular space invasion, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, adjuvant treatment, recurrence, and pattern of recurrence were evaluated. The primary objective was to determine the relapse rate. The secondary objective was to determine recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and the pattern of recurrence.
Results: A total of 2661 women from 15 centers were included; 1756 patients underwent hysterectomy with a uterine manipulator and 905 without it. Both groups were balanced with respect to histology, tumor grade, myometrial invasion, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and adjuvant therapy. The rate of recurrence was 11.69% in the uterine manipulator group and 7.4% in the no-manipulator group (P<.001). The use of the uterine manipulator was associated with a higher risk of recurrence (hazard ratio, 2.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.27â4.20; P=.006). The use of uterine manipulator in uterus-confined endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] IâII) was associated with lower disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.57â0.97; P=.027) and higher risk of death (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.07â2.83; P=.026). No differences were found regarding the pattern of recurrence between both groups (chi-square statistic, 1.74; P=.63).
Conclusion: In this study, the use of a uterine manipulator was associated with a worse oncological outcome in patients with uterus-confined endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics IâII) who underwent minimally invasive surgery. Prospective trials are essential to confirm these results
The Mexican consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of NSAID-induced gastropathy and enteropathy
MĂĄs de 30 millones de personas consumen diariamente antiinflamatorios noesteroideos (AINE) en el mundo, y este consumo se ve incrementado anualmente. Aunque losAINE poseen propiedades analgĂŠsicas y antiinflamatorias, sus eventos adversos gastrointesti-nales son bien reconocidos. En nuestro paĂs no existĂa un consenso respecto al diagnĂłstico,tratamiento y prevenciĂłn de la gastropatĂa y la enteropatĂa por AINE, por lo que la AsociaciĂłnMexicana de GastroenterologĂa reuniĂł a un grupo de expertos para establecer recomendacionesde utilidad para la comunidad mĂŠdica. En este consenso se emitieron 33 recomendaciones. Elconsenso destaca que el riesgo de toxicidad gastrointestinal de los AINE varĂa segĂşn el fĂĄrmacoempleado y su farmacocinĂŠtica, lo cual debe ser considerado al momento de su prescripciĂłn. Losfactores de riesgo de complicaciĂłn gastroduodenal por AINE son: antecedente de Ăşlcera pĂŠp-tica, edad mayor a 65 aËnos, dosis altas del AINE, infecciĂłn por Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori), ypresencia de comorbilidades graves. Los sĂntomas y el daËno gastroduodenal inducido por AINEson variables ya que puede cursar asintomĂĄtico o manifestarse como anemia por deficiencia dehierro, hemorragia, estenosis y perforaciĂłn. La cĂĄpsula endoscĂłpica y la enteroscopia son mĂŠto-dos diagnĂłsticos directos en la enteropatĂa por AINE. Respecto a la prevenciĂłn, se recomiendaprescribir la dosis mĂnima necesaria de un AINE para obtener el efecto deseado y durante elmenor tiempo. Finalmente, los inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP) representan el estĂĄn-dar de oro para la profilaxis y tratamiento de los efectos gastroduodenales, mas no son Ăştilesen la enteropatĂa
Determinants and Differences in Satisfaction with the Inhaler Among Patients with Asthma or COPD
Satisfaction with the inhaler is an important determinant of treatment adherence in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, few studies have compared these 2 groups to identify the factors associated with satisfaction with the inhaler. To assess and compare satisfaction with the inhaler in patients with asthma or COPD and to determine the variables associated with high inhaler satisfaction. A multicenter, cross-sectional study of 816 patients (406 with asthma and 410 with COPD) was conducted. Satisfaction was assessed with the Feeling of Satisfaction with Inhaler (FSI-10) questionnaire. All participants completed the Test of Adherence to Inhalers and either the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or the COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Overall, the asthma group was significantly more satisfied with the inhaler (mean [standard deviation] FSI-10 scores: 44.1 [6.5] vs 42.0 [7.7]; P <.001) and more satisfied on most (7 of 10; 70%) items. Patients with asthma were significantly more satisfied with the inhaler regardless of the adherence level or the type of nonadherence pattern. Younger age, good disease control (ACT âĽ20 or CAT â¤10), previous inhaler training, and absence of unwitting nonadherence were all independently and significantly associated with high inhaler satisfaction. Age, disease control, and training in inhalation technique all play a more significant role than the specific diagnosis in explaining satisfaction with the device in patients with asthma and COPD. These findings underscore the need to provide better training and more active monitoring of the inhalation technique to improve patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes
La secuenciaciĂłn masiva dirigida revela que los pacientes con leucemia linfĂĄtica crĂłnica y reordenamiento de igh presentan mutaciones en los genes POT1, EGR2, BRAF, IGLL5 Y MGA
Abstract [CO-081]
IntroducciĂłn: La traslocaciĂłn de la regiĂłn 14q32, que contiene el gen de la cadena pesada de las inmunoglobulinas (IGH), aparece en el 4-9% de pacientes de leucemia linfĂĄtica crĂłnica(LLC). Aunque algunos estudios le atribuyen a este subgrupo un pronĂłstico desfavorable, sus caracterĂsticas clĂnicas y biolĂłgicas no se conocen en profundidad. La secuenciaciĂłn masiva (NGS) ha mejorado notablemente el conocimiento de la heterogeneidad genĂŠtica y clĂnica de la LLC, por lo que nos planteamos el anĂĄlisis del perfil mutacional de estos pacientes para definir mejor su pronĂłstico.
MĂŠtodos: Se analizaron 231 pacientes de LLC, de los cuales 42 presentaban traslocaciĂłn de 14q32. En todos los casos se disponĂa de datos clĂnicos y FISH. Se diseùó un panel personalizado de 54 genes, seleccionados por su frecuencia e implicaciĂłn en la patogenia de la enfermedad. La secuenciaciĂłn se realizĂł en la plataforma NextSeq(Illumina). El panel cubre el 97% de las regiones (>100X) con una profundidad de 606 lecturas/base, permitiendo la detecciĂłn de variantes presentes en >3% de las cĂŠlulas..
Exploring Health Science Studentsâ Notions on Organ Donation and Transplantation: A Multicenter Study
The knowledge acquired during university education about organ donation and transplantation (ODT) decisively influences the information future health professionals transmit. This is important in ODT where the participation of the general public is essential to obtain organs. Objective: To determine notions of Spanish medicine and nursing students on ODT and its relationship with attitude toward ODT. Methods and Design: and design. We conducted a sociologic, multicenter, and observational study. The population for our study consisted of medical and nursing students in Spanish universities. Our database was the Collaborative International Donor Project, stratified by geographic area and academic course. A validated questionnaire (PCID-DTO-RIOS) was self-administered and completed anonymously. Our sample consisted of 9598 medical and 10, 566 nursing students (99% confidence interval; precision of Âą1%), stratified by geographic area and year of study. Results: The completion rate for our study was 90%. Only 20% (n=3640) of students thought their notions on ODT were good; 41% (n=7531) thought their notions were normal; 36% (n=6550) thought their notions were scarce. Comparing groups, there were differences between those who believed that their notions on ODT were good (44% nursing vs 56% medical students; P < .000), and those who believed it scarce (54% nursing vs 46% medical students; P < .000). Notions on ODT were related with attitude toward the donation of one''s own organs: those who considered their notions were good were more in favor then those who considered it scarce (88% vs 72%; P < .000). Conclusion: Only 20% of Spanish medical and nursing students thought their notions on ODT were good. Having good knowledge is related to a favorable attitude towards ODT. Receiving specific information on the subject could improve their knowledge about ODT during their training
Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset
corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected
during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV.
The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the
couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and
right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary
mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b,
leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing
transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W'
boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to
the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for
masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC
data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed
coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant
improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe
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