O LUGAR DA PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICA FREIRIANA NA “ÉTICA DA LIBERTAÇÃO” DE ENRIQUE DUSSEL

The purpose of this article is to show how it is possible to find, in the context of marxist experiences in Latin America, a project of an Ethics of universal character, which seeks, therefore, to subsume under its principles a selection of historical positions. This is the case with the “Ethics of liberation” by the Argentine philosopher Enrique Dussel. Thus, after exposing the organizational principles of a liberation ethic, which proposes the principle of production, reproduction and development of human life as the most elementary and central, we will show how Dussel finds a place for the reception and subsumption of the project of a Pedagogy of liberation, mainly articulated by Paulo Freire in his “Pedagogy of the Oppressed”. It will be shown how this would fulfill, within that, the requirement that any ethical or moral system is only valid insofar as it does not leave any person or collective out of its mode of awareness, since all beings humans are worthy to have a voice and to be heard in the decision-making forum on matters that interest them.   Keywords: Philosophy and education; Ethics of liberation; Critical Pedagogy.  O presente artigo tem como objetivo mostrar como é possível encontrarmos, no âmbito das experiências marxistas na América Latina, um projeto de uma Ética de caráter universal, que procura, por isso mesmo, subsumir sob seus princípios uma seleção de posicionamentos históricos. É o caso da “Ética da libertação” do filósofo argentino Enrique Dussel. Sendo assim, após a exposição dos princípios organizacionais de uma ética da libertação, que propõe como mais elementar e central o princípio da produção, reprodução e desenvolvimento da vida humana, mostraremos como Dussel encontra lugar para a recepção e subsunção do projeto de uma Pedagogia da libertação, principalmente articulada por Paulo Freire em sua “Pedagogia do Oprimido”. Mostrar-se-á como esta cumpriria, no interior daquela, a exigência de que todo sistema ético ou moral só tem validade na medida em que não deixa de fora de seu modo de tomada de consciência nenhuma pessoa ou coletivo, posto que todos os seres humanos são dignos de ter voz e de ser escutados no foro de tomada de decisões sobre assuntos que lhes interessa.   Palavras-chave: Filosofia e educação; Ética da libertação; Pedagogia crítica. &nbsp

IF - RECICLA

O Projeto IF - Recicla, levando em consideração os problemas com o lixo em nossa sociedade, apresenta como objetivo iniciar a solução da problemática, buscando aumentar o incentivo e a participação das pessoas na reciclagem através da criação de um protótipo de site em conjunto com um fórum, além de contas em redes sociais, que abordará assuntos relacionados à reciclagem e ao descarte do lixo, deixando o fórum para ser discutido e compartilhado as ideias dos leitores

Utilização de imagem SRTM para hierarquização dos cursos d’água da bacia hidrográfica do Rio do Pires – Bahia/Brasil / Use of SRTM image for hierarchization of the watercourses of the Pires River Basin - Bahia/Brazil

As imagens SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) são comumente utilizadas em estudos ambientais das mais diversas especificações, principalmente na área de recursos hídricos e geomorfologia, afim de fomentar a gestão integrada e preservação dos recursos naturais. Para se chegar aos resultados esperados para o estudo utilizou-se técnicas de geoprocessamento.  A imagem SRTM foi retirada gratuitamente do site Earth Explorer, pertencente ao Serviço Geológico dos Estados Unidos (USGS) e as camadas vetoriais foram obtidas no site do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). A delimitação da bacia, hierarquização dos canais e outras análises relevantes foram feitas através do software QGIS 2.14.11®, que possui um grande número de ferramentas de processamento e tratamento de dados. Entre os resultados encontrados pode-se destacar que a bacia é de ordem 4, o comprimento encontrado para o canal principal foi de 46,13 km e que a rede de drenagem da bacia é do tipo dentrítica. Desse modo, espera-se que o estudo forneça resultados preliminares para análises hidrológicas, geomorfológicas e topográficas, visando diretrizes que conduzam a uma gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos e todos os outros bens naturais que compõem uma bacia hidrográfica

Análise dos Indicadores de Neoplasia Maligna de Estômago no Brasil, no Período entre 2013 e 2023

INTRODUCTION: Stomach malignancy, or gastric cancer, refers to the disordered growth of malignant cells in the lining of the stomach, resulting in a tumor that can invade adjacent tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Considered one of the main causes of cancer mortality worldwide, this condition is especially prevalent in developing countries. This article will analyze the hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates associated with this condition, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and advanced therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to stomach malignancy in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study with a quantitative approach, carried out from data collection by the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), made available by the secondary database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET /DATASUS). The data studied referred to hospitalizations, deaths and the mortality rate due to malignant neoplasia of the stomach in Brazil in the period between January 2013 and December 2023. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, tabulation in an electronic spreadsheet using the Microsoft Excel program 2016 arranged in tables using Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: From January 2013 to December 2023, 316,228 hospitalizations for malignant stomach neoplasia were recorded in Brazil. The Southeast Region had the highest percentage of hospitalizations (43.25%), followed by the South Region (24.02%). In the same period, there were 48,785 deaths, with the highest concentration also in the Southeast Region (48.28%). The mortality rate varied between 12.16 in the South Region and 22.39 in the North Region. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis highlights significant regional disparities in the management of stomach malignancy in Brazil, highlighting the urgent need for public policies to improve access to early diagnosis and treatment, especially in regions with high mortality rates, such as the North. Specific regional strategies are crucial to reducing inequalities in the care and treatment of this condition, promoting a more equitable distribution of healthcare resources and improving outcomes for patients across the country.INTRODUÇÃO: A neoplasia maligna de estômago, ou câncer gástrico, refere-se ao crescimento desordenado de células malignas no revestimento do estômago, resultando em um tumor que pode invadir tecidos adjacentes e se disseminar para outras partes do corpo. Considerada uma das principais causas de mortalidade por câncer mundialmente, essa condição é especialmente prevalente em países em desenvolvimento. Este artigo analisará as internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade associados a essa condição, destacando a importância do diagnóstico precoce e das intervenções terapêuticas avançadas. OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa quantificar e analisar as taxas de internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir de coleta de dados pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), disponibilizados pela base de dados secundária do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (TABNET/DATASUS). Os dados estudados referiam-se às internações, aos óbitos e à taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil no período entre janeiro de 2013 e dezembro de 2023. A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva, tabulação em planilha eletrônica do programa Microsoft Excel 2016 disposta em tabelas pelo Microsoft Word 10. RESULTADOS: No período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2023, foram registradas 316.228 internações por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil. A Região Sudeste apresentou a maior porcentagem de internações (43,25%), seguida pela Região Sul (24,02%). No mesmo período, ocorreram 48.785 óbitos, com a maior concentração também na Região Sudeste (48,28%). A taxa de mortalidade variou entre 12,16 na Região Sul e 22,39 na Região Norte. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, a análise evidencia disparidades regionais significativas no manejo da neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil, destacando a necessidade urgente de políticas públicas para melhorar o acesso ao diagnóstico precoce e tratamento, especialmente nas regiões com altas taxas de mortalidade, como o Norte. Estratégias regionais específicas são cruciais para reduzir as desigualdades no cuidado e tratamento dessa condição, promovendo uma distribuição mais equitativa dos recursos de saúde e melhorando os resultados para os pacientes em todo o país

Impacto Psicossocial da Rinoplastia em pacientes com anomalias craniofaciais congênitas

Congenital craniofacial anomalies pose significant challenges not only physically, but also psychosocially for patients. Rhinoplasty, as an integral part of reconstructive surgery, aims to improve not only aesthetic function, but also the psychosocial well-being of affected individuals. The literature shows a variety of studies exploring the psychosocial impact of these interventions, focusing on everything from quality of life to individual and family perceptions. This integrative review covered studies published in specialized journals in English and Portuguese from 2005 to 2024, such as comprehensive reviews, prospective and retrospective studies, as well as qualitative research. A search was made in electronic databases such as PubMed and Scopus and Scielo, using the terms "psychosocial impact", "Rhinoplasty", "Craniofacial abnormalities". The results indicate that rhinoplasty significantly improves patients' self-image and self-esteem, reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. The multidisciplinary approach, combining cosmetic surgery and oral rehabilitation, proved crucial in maximizing therapeutic benefits and facilitating social and educational integration. Patient and family satisfaction with the results of the surgeries was high, reinforcing the importance of the positive psychosocial impact. In addition, improvements in social adaptation and stigma reduction were evident in the patients' adult lives. Rhinoplasty emerges not only as an aesthetic intervention, but crucially as a tool to improve psychosocial well-being in patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies. The results of this integrative review highlight the importance of multidisciplinary approaches that consider not only the physical aspects, but also the psychological and social impacts of these interventions. Future research should continue to explore these aspects in order to optimize the results and the psychosocial support offered to these patients.  Anomalias craniofaciais congênitas representam desafios significativos não apenas fisicamente, mas também psicossocialmente para os pacientes. A rinoplastia, como parte integrante da cirurgia reconstrutiva, visa melhorar não apenas a função estética, mas também o bem-estar psicossocial dos indivíduos afetados. A literatura mostra uma variedade de estudos que exploram o impacto psicossocial dessas intervenções, focando desde a qualidade de vida até a percepção individual e familiar. Esta revisão integrativa abrangeu estudos publicados em periódicos especializados nos idiomas inglês e português abrangendo os anos de 2005 a 2024, como revisões abrangentes, estudos prospectivos e retrospectivos, além de pesquisas qualitativas. Utilizou-se a busca em bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed e Scopus e Scielo, utilizando os termos "impacto psicossocial", "Rinoplastia", "Anormalidades Craniofaciais". Os resultados indicam que a rinoplastia melhora significativamente a autoimagem e a autoestima dos pacientes, reduzindo sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. A abordagem multidisciplinar, combinando cirurgias estéticas e reabilitação oral, mostrou-se crucial para maximizar os benefícios terapêuticos e facilitar a integração social e educacional. A satisfação dos pacientes e familiares com os resultados das cirurgias foi elevada, reforçando a importância do impacto psicossocial positivo. Além disso, as melhorias na adaptação social e na redução do estigma foram evidentes na vida adulta dos pacientes. A rinoplastia emerge não apenas como uma intervenção estética, mas crucialmente como uma ferramenta para melhorar o bem-estar psicossocial em pacientes com anomalias craniofaciais congênitas. Os resultados desta revisão integrativa destacam a importância de abordagens multidisciplinares que considerem não apenas os aspectos físicos, mas também os impactos psicológicos e sociais dessas intervenções. Futuras pesquisas devem continuar explorando esses aspectos para otimizar os resultados e o suporte psicossocial oferecido a esses pacientes. &nbsp

The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good