Metrologia da captura e reprodução de rastros de sistemas de arquivos.

Métodos para avaliação de desempenho têm, por por muitos anos, apoiado a adoção, desenvolvimento e operação de sistemas de arquivos. Em particular, a reprodução de rastros de utilização é um método bastante popular. Apesar de sua popularidade, alguns trabalhos produzidos recentemente contestam — embora sem comprovação empírica — a qualidade dos resultados obtidos com esse método. Em nossa opinião,este ceticismo se deve, em larga medida, à falta de métodos suficientemente embasados para detectar e quantificar os erros das medições baseadas em reproduções de rastros. Uma vez que não sabemos como diagnosticar o problema, é provável que novos trabalhos adotem métodos de reprodução inadequados ou criem novos métodos sem preocupações metodológicas mais amplas. Em outras palavras, estamos fadados a repetir os erros anteriores ou introduzir novos erros. Nossa tese é que podemos usar metrologia — a ciência de obter boas estimativas para medições conduzidas por meio de instrumentos de medição imperfeitos — para melhorar a qualidade da avaliação de desempenho de sistemas de arquivos baseada em rastros. Neste documento, desenvolvemos esta tese por meio de duas provas de conceito. A primeira considera métodos de captura de rastros, enquanto a segunda considera métodos de reprodução de rastros. Em ambas, consideramos ferramentas populares descritas na literatura. Na primeira prova de conceito, ao aplicar o protocolo de metrologia, descobrimos fontes de erro que tornam as medições de captura de rastros bastante tendenciosas, embora precisas. Nós também mostramos como compensar as fontes de erro por meio de um processo de calibração — prática ausente na literatura. Ainda, descobrimos que os métodos de captura são sensíveis ao efeitos de cargas de fundo, as quais, quando não identificadas, podem comprometer o processo de calibração. Na segunda, o protocolo de metrologia também nos permitiu observar fontes de erros que enfraquecem a qualidade das medições de reprodução. Embora o procedimento de calibração não seja aplicável na segunda prova de conceito, nossos resultados apontaram limitações nas ferramentas de reprodução que quando reconsideradas, permitiram a melhoria na qualidade dos métodos considerados

A case study of proactive auto-scaling for an ecommerce workload

Preliminary data obtained from a partnership between the Federal University of Campina Grande and an ecommerce company indicates that some applications have issues when dealing with variable demand. This happens because a delay in scaling resources leads to performance degradation and, in literature, is a matter usually treated by improving the auto-scaling. To better understand the current state-of-the-art on this subject, we re-evaluate an auto-scaling algorithm proposed in the literature, in the context of ecommerce, using a long-term real workload. Experimental results show that our proactive approach is able to achieve an accuracy of up to 94 percent and led the auto-scaling to a better performance than the reactive approach currently used by the ecommerce company

DIALOGICIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA

Repensar a Educação Biológica (EB), tem sido uma necessidade apontada por diversos trabalhos, é importante pensar a EB como uma ciência múltipla e aberta. Porém, o que observamos é um ensino que se esgota nos modelos educacionais fragmentados, dificultando assim o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências pelos estudantes, o que torna importante o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que possam tecer reflexões sobre a superação deste modelo de ensino fragmentado. Neste sentido, objetivamos avaliar a evolução conceitual do argumento, a partir de uma sequência didática na perspectiva argumentativa. Para tal, executamos as seguintes etapas: observação de campo; apresentação de textos sobre o aquecimento global; documentários sobre esse fenômeno; realização de dois debates de natureza argumentativa. Os dados foram construídos a partir de observações de campo, da filmagem e gravação dos debates, sendo os mesmos transcritos e analisados usando o método proposicional. Os resultados foram considerados satisfatórios no que diz respeito à evolução conceitual referente a quantidade e qualidade do argument

Supressão do apetite induzida pelo exercício físico

Objetivo: Discutir os mecanismos pelos quais o exercício físico pode modular a produção de Interleucina-6, lactato sanguíneo, sistema nervoso autônomo, redistribuição do fluxo sanguíneo, motilidade gástrica e temperatura corporal induzindo a supressão do apetite. Resultados e Discussão: O exercício físico, quando realizado em alta intensidade, parece modular as concentrações dos hormônios envolvidos no controle da ingestão alimentar, como, por exemplo, aumentando a produção de peptídeos anorexígenos e diminuindo a produção de orexígenos, como a grelina acilada. Além da importância das concentrações hormonais no controle da ingestão alimentar, outros fatores secundários, como a redistribuição de fluxo sanguíneo, o aumento nas concentrações de lactato e Interleucina-6, a predominância do sistema nervoso simpático em detrimento ao parassimpático, alterações na motilidade gástrica e concentrações de glicose e insulina no sangue são fatores que sofrem influência direta do exercício físico e podem influenciar a resposta hormonal, tendo como consequência a supressão do apetite. Conclusão: A supressão do apetite parece ser influenciada pela intensidade do exercício físico, na qual, estes efeitos podem ser atribuídos ao aumento da resposta inflamatória e metabólica

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia