1,205 research outputs found
Efficacy of different fungicides against dry rot pathogen of potato caused by Fusarium sp. under in vitro condition
Potato crop is affected by
numerous diseases in field, as well as in
storage conditions, particularly in cold
storage. Dry rot of potato is caused by
Fusarium sp. Dry rot of seed tubers can
reduce crop establishment by killing
developing potato sprouts, and crop losses
can be up to 25%, while more than 60% of
tubers can be infected in storage. It is a rich
source of energy, which supplement food
source of a country. In this experiment, four
systemic and four non-systemic fungicides
were tested at different concentrations in
vitro for their comparative efficacy against
inhibition of the growth of Fusarium sp.
through poisoned food technique. To
manage these diseases effectively, different
concentrations of fungicides were tested.
Results revealed against Fusarium sp. that
carbendazim and benomyl significantly
inhibited the fungal growth even at its lower
concentration (100 ppm) and proved
statistically superior over the rest of the
fungicides tested at different concentrations
and among non-systemic fungicides,
MEMC significantly inhibited the fungal
growth even at its lower concentration
(1000 ppm)
Potential Side Effects and Adverse Events of Antipsychotic Use for Residents With Dementia in Assisted Living: Implications for Prescribers, Staff, and Families
Antipsychotic medications are frequently prescribed to assisted living (AL) residents who have dementia, although there is a lack of information about the potential side effects and adverse events of these medications among this population. Oversight and monitoring by family members is an important component of AL care, and it is important to understand family awareness of antipsychotic use and reports of potential side effects and adverse events. This cross-sectional, descriptive study of family members of 283 residents with dementia receiving antipsychotic medications in 91 AL communities found high rates (93%) of symptoms that could be potential side effects and a 6% rate of potential adverse events. The majority of families were aware their relative was taking an antipsychotic. Findings suggest that obtaining family perspectives of potential side effects and adverse events related to medication use may contribute to overall improvement in the safety of AL residents living with dementia
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Dupilumab provides favourable longâterm safety and efficacy in children aged â„ 6 to < 12 years with uncontrolled, severe atopic dermatitis: results from an openâlabel phase IIa study and subsequent phase III openâlabel extension study
Background
Children aged â„ 6 to < 12 years with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) have limited treatment options. In a 16âweek, randomized, placeboâcontrolled, phase III trial in children, dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting interleukin (IL)â4/ILâ13 signalling, significantly improved signs and symptoms with acceptable safety; longerâterm safety and efficacy data are lacking.
Objectives
To report the pharmacokinetic profile and longâterm safety and efficacy of dupilumab in children (aged â„ 6 to < 12 years) with severe AD.
Methods
Children (aged â„ 6 to < 12 years) with severe AD were enrolled in a global, multicentre, phase IIa, openâlabel, ascendingâdose, sequential cohort study and subsequent openâlabel extension (OLE) study. Patients received singleâdose dupilumab 2 or 4 mg kgâ1 followed by 8âweek pharmacokinetic sampling, then 2 or 4 mg kgâ1 weekly for 4 weeks (phase IIa), followed by the same weekly regimen (OLE). Primary endpoints were dupilumab concentrationâtime profile and treatmentâemergent adverse events (TEAEs); secondary assessments included Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Peak Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale (PPâNRS) score.
Results
Of 38 children enrolled, 37 completed phase IIa and 33 continued to the OLE. Nonlinear, targetâmediated pharmacokinetics characterized dupilumab concentrations (week 24â48 mean serum concentrations: 2 mg kgâ1, 61â77 mg Lâ1; 4 mg kgâ1, 143â181 mg Lâ1). TEAEs were mostly mild to moderate and transient; none led to treatment discontinuation. The most commonly reported TEAEs were nasopharyngitis (2 mg kgâ1, 47%; 4 mg kgâ1, 56%) and AD exacerbation (29% and 13%, respectively). Singleâdose dupilumab rapidly improved AD with further improvements through week 52. Mean EASI and PPâNRS improved by â37%/â33% and â17%/â20% at week 2 (phase IIa) and â92%/â84% and â70%/â58% at week 52 (OLE), respectively.
Conclusions
These safety and efficacy results support the use of dupilumab as a continuous longâterm treatment for children aged â„ 6 to < 12 years with severe AD
Does zero temperature decide on the nature of the electroweak phase transition?
Taking on a new perspective of the electroweak phase transition, we investigate in detail the role played by the depth of the electroweak minimum (âvacuum energy differenceâ). We find a strong correlation between the vacuum energy difference and the strength of the phase transition. This correlation only breaks down if a negative eigen-value develops upon thermal corrections in the squared scalar mass matrix in the broken vacuum before the critical temperature. As a result the scalar fields slide across field space toward the symmetric vacuum, often causing a significantly weakened phase transition. Phenomenological constraints are found to strongly disfavour such sliding scalar scenarios. For several popular models, we suggest numerical bounds that guarantee a strong first order electroweak phase transition. The zero temperature phenomenology can then be studied in these parameter regions without the need for any finite temperature calculations. For almost all non-supersymmetric models with phenomenologically viable parameter points, we find a strong phase transition is guaranteed if the vacuum energy difference is greater than â8.8 Ă 107 GeV4. For the GNMSSM, we guarantee a strong phase transition for phenomenologically viable parameter points if the vacuum energy difference is greater than â6.9Ă107 GeV4. Alternatively, we capture more of the parameter space exhibiting a strong phase transition if we impose a simultaneous bound on the vacuum energy difference and the singlet mass
Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group 2.0: Back to Business
In December 2019, the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) was awarded funding for another 7-year cycle to support a clinical research network on antibacterial resistance. ARLG 2.0 has 3 overarching research priorities: infections caused by antibiotic-resistant (AR) gram-negative bacteria, infections caused by AR gram-positive bacteria, and diagnostic tests to optimize use of antibiotics. To support the next generation of AR researchers, the ARLG offers 3 mentoring opportunities: the ARLG Fellowship, Early Stage Investigator seed grants, and the Trialists in Training Program. The purpose of this article is to update the scientific community on the progress made in the original funding period and to encourage submission of clinical research that addresses 1 or more of the research priority areas of ARLG 2.0
Forward pi^0 Production and Associated Transverse Energy Flow in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
Deep-inelastic positron-proton interactions at low values of Bjorken-x down
to x \approx 4.10^-5 which give rise to high transverse momentum pi^0 mesons
are studied with the H1 experiment at HERA. The inclusive cross section for
pi^0 mesons produced at small angles with respect to the proton remnant (the
forward region) is presented as a function of the transverse momentum and
energy of the pi^0 and of the four-momentum transfer Q^2 and Bjorken-x.
Measurements are also presented of the transverse energy flow in events
containing a forward pi^0 meson. Hadronic final state calculations based on QCD
models implementing different parton evolution schemes are confronted with the
data.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures and 3 table
Search for Doubly-Charged Higgs Boson Production at HERA
A search for the single production of doubly-charged Higgs bosons H^{\pm \pm}
in ep collisions is presented. The signal is searched for via the Higgs decays
into a high mass pair of same charge leptons, one of them being an electron.
The analysis uses up to 118 pb^{-1} of ep data collected by the H1 experiment
at HERA. No evidence for doubly-charged Higgs production is observed and mass
dependent upper limits are derived on the Yukawa couplings h_{el} of the Higgs
boson to an electron-lepton pair. Assuming that the doubly-charged Higgs only
decays into an electron and a muon via a coupling of electromagnetic strength
h_{e \mu} = \sqrt{4 \pi \alpha_{em}} = 0.3, a lower limit of 141 GeV on the
H^{\pm\pm} mass is obtained at the 95% confidence level. For a doubly-charged
Higgs decaying only into an electron and a tau and a coupling h_{e\tau} = 0.3,
masses below 112 GeV are ruled out.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Macrophage delivered HSV1716 is active against triple negative breast cancer
Oncolytic viruses (OV) promote anti-tumour responses through the initiation of immunogenic cancer cell death which activates the hostâs systemic anti-tumour immunity. We have previously shown that intravenously administered HSV1716 is an effective treatment for mammary cancer. However, intravenous administration of a virus has the potential to result in neutralization and sequestration of the virus which may reduce efficacy. Here, we show that the oncolytic virus HSV1716 can be administered within a cellular carrier (macrophages). PyMT and 4T1 murine mammary cancer cell lines were implanted into immuno-competent murine models (orthotopic primary, early metastatic and brain metastasis models). HSV1716 or macrophages armed with HSV1716 (M-HSV1716) were administered intravenously, and tumour size was quantified using caliper measurement or bioluminescence imaging. Administration of M-HSV1716 led to tumour shrinkage and increased the survival of animals. Furthermore, these results were achieved with a 100-fold lower viral load, which has the potential for decreased toxicity. Our results demonstrate that M-HSV1716 is associated with activity against murine mammary cancers and provides an alternative platform for the systemic delivery of OV
Measurement of (anti)deuteron and (anti)proton production in DIS at HERA
The first observation of (anti)deuterons in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
has been made with the ZEUS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 300--318 GeV
using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb-1. The measurement was performed in
the central rapidity region for transverse momentum per unit of mass in the
range 0.3<p_T/M<0.7. The particle rates have been extracted and interpreted in
terms of the coalescence model. The (anti)deuteron production yield is smaller
than the (anti)proton yield by approximately three orders of magnitude,
consistent with the world measurements.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys.
Time-integrated luminosity recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+e- collider
This article is the Preprint version of the final published artcile which can be accessed at the link below.We describe a measurement of the time-integrated luminosity of the data collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- collider at the Ï(4S), Ï(3S), and Ï(2S) resonances and in a continuum region below each resonance. We measure the time-integrated luminosity by counting e+e-âe+e- and (for the Ï(4S) only) e+e-âÎŒ+ÎŒ- candidate events, allowing additional photons in the final state. We use data-corrected simulation to determine the cross-sections and reconstruction efficiencies for these processes, as well as the major backgrounds. Due to the large cross-sections of e+e-âe+e- and e+e-âÎŒ+ÎŒ-, the statistical uncertainties of the measurement are substantially smaller than the systematic uncertainties. The dominant systematic uncertainties are due to observed differences between data and simulation, as well as uncertainties on the cross-sections. For data collected on the Ï(3S) and Ï(2S) resonances, an additional uncertainty arises due to Ïâe+e-X background. For data collected off the Ï resonances, we estimate an additional uncertainty due to time dependent efficiency variations, which can affect the short off-resonance runs. The relative uncertainties on the luminosities of the on-resonance (off-resonance) samples are 0.43% (0.43%) for the Ï(4S), 0.58% (0.72%) for the Ï(3S), and 0.68% (0.88%) for the Ï(2S).This work is supported by the US Department of Energy and National Science Foundation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada), the Commissariat Ă lâEnergie Atomique and Institut National de Physique NuclĂ©aire et de Physiquedes Particules (France), the Bundesministerium fĂŒr Bildung und Forschung and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy), the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (The Netherlands), the Research Council of Norway, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciĂłn (Spain), and the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union) and the A.P. Sloan Foundation (USA)
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