Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution

Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n  =  2 RMP maintaining good confinement ${{H}_{\text{H}\left(98,\text{y}2\right)}}\approx 0.95$ . Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes

Pohyb nabitých částic v perturbovaných magnetických polích tokamaku

In this paper we present two Hamiltonian approaches–full and drift–for description of charged particles (e.g. electrons, D+) in magnetic field of a tokamak. We use a basic magnetic toroidal field configuration with shear plus overlapping island chains creating magnetic ergodic layer. We would like to use this apparatus for solving two physical problems. Firstly for an estimate of generation of electric field in edge plasma caused by addition of “ergodic coils”, which could serve as a mechanism for mitigation of ELMs and is will be studied on the COMPASS tokamak. Secondly we want to use the apparatus for tracing the influence on runaway electrons (energy 10 MeV) in the presence of magnetic field generated by Error Field Correction Coils (EFCCs) as are installed on JET Tokamak

Simulations of Runaway Electrons

In this paper we discuss current knowledge of phenomena of runaway electrons in tokamaks. We summarize experimental facts and investigate theoretical understanding of runaway electrons. We also present result of our recent work concerning influence of JET’s Error Filed Correction Coils on runaway electrons dynamics. At the end of our paper we describe our plan to study runaway electrons dynamic in time and space varying magnetic field during plasma disruption as obtained from global MHD code JOREK

Observation and Prediction of Runaway Electrons in the COMPASS Tokamak

In this paper we present new measurements of HXR radiation from the COMPASS tokamak by the use of scintillation detector, 21-pinhole CdTe semiconductor detector. This radiation is caused by the presence of highly energetic runaway electrons and in the case of Neutral Beam Injection by fusion products. We also present direct runaway electrons measurements by Cherenkov detector. We present a theoretical prediction of runaway production based on theoretical formula and experimental data from Thomson scattering and compare it with a simpler experimental method based on peak counting

Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution

\u3cp\u3eIntegrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement . Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.\u3c/p\u3