Kultura i społeczeństwo na Środkowym Nadodrzu w XIX i XX wieku

303 s. : il., portr.

Temperature Effects Explain Continental Scale Distribution of Cyanobacterial Toxins

Insight into how environmental change determines the production and distribution of cyanobacterial toxins is necessary for risk assessment. Management guidelines currently focus on hepatotoxins (microcystins). Increasing attention is given to other classes, such as neurotoxins (e.g., anatoxin-a) and cytotoxins (e.g., cylindrospermopsin) due to their potency. Most studies examine the relationship between individual toxin variants and environmental factors, such as nutrients, temperature and light. In summer 2015, we collected samples across Europe to investigate the effect of nutrient and temperature gradients on the variability of toxin production at a continental scale. Direct and indirect effects of temperature were the main drivers of the spatial distribution in the toxins produced by the cyanobacterial community, the toxin concentrations and toxin quota. Generalized linear models showed that a Toxin Diversity Index (TDI) increased with latitude, while it decreased with water stability. Increases in TDI were explained through a significant increase in toxin variants such as MC-YR, anatoxin and cylindrospermopsin, accompanied by a decreasing presence of MC-LR. While global warming continues, the direct and indirect effects of increased lake temperatures will drive changes in the distribution of cyanobacterial toxins in Europe, potentially promoting selection of a few highly toxic species or strains.Peer reviewe

Strategie, podejścia i techniki w tłumaczeniu gry Diablo III

Diablo III is the third installment of a renowned action RPG title developed by Blizzard Entertainment. The game has been fully localized into Polish, including the voice-over, and displays high-quality translation. The category of game mechanics covers a variety of in-game texts related to the gameplay as opposed to the game world or the game interface. In the domain of RPG games, these are texts such as character statistics, character classes, character skills, item properties, achievements as well as hints and tutorials. The present study seeks to investigate the challenges posed by these texts through an examination of strategies, approaches, and techniques that have been employed in their translation.Diablo III to trzecia część słynnego tytułu RPG akcji wydanego przez Blizzard Entertainment. Gra została w pełni zlokalizowana na język polski, wraz z podkładem głosowym, i stanowi przykład wysokiej jakości tłumaczenia. Kategoria mechaniki gry obejmuje różne teksty z wnętrza gry odnoszące się do rozgrywki w przeciwieństwie do świata gry i jej interfejsu. W domenie gier RPG są to teksty takie jak statystyki postaci, klasy, umiejętności, cechy przedmiotów, osiągnięcia oraz wskazówki i samouczki. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę przestudiowania wyzwań związanych z tymi tekstami poprzez zbadanie strategii, podejść i technik zastosowanych w ich tłumaczeniu

Evaluation of backpacker-oriented advertising materials published in Australia and Poland

Background. Backpacking is a relatively new way of travelling (dates back to the 1990s). Therefore academic interest in backpacker tourism has grown since the beginning of the 21st century. In Australia the sector dedicated to the needs and expectations of one of the Australian tourism pillars, i.e. backpacking, operates very effectively. Among the available proposals there are mainly offers made by hostels, travel agencies, clubs or recreation places. In Poland, however, what is advertised are activities that are offered, e.g. hiking, skiing, agro-tourism or culture-oriented tourism and particular tourism products, e.g. theme trails dedicated to e.g. backpackers. Folders, brochures and leaflets remain the most frequent means of advertising. The aim of the article is to evaluate the advertising materials affecting the induction of response desired by the target audience – backpackers. Material and methods. Expert evaluation method was used to analyze the advertising materials available in the years 2014–2015. Results and conclusion. The analysis and evaluation of selected publications allowed observing the most important similarities and differences in selection methods and the level of application of crucial elements by Australian and Polish publishers

Strategies of verbal persuasion in australian advertising messages aimed at backpackers

Background. Persuasion is the most important element of impingement in advertising. The art of persuasion uses tools that allow creation of messages in such a way that it helps to capture customers’ interest in the advertised product or service, but also has the power to persuade them to buy it. The whole range of deliberate tools are designed to aim at that goal. This article attempts to analyse advertising messages addressed to a specific target market – the backpacker. Material and methods. The analysis based on folders, brochures and flyers published in the years 2010–2014 and available at backpacking hostels, travel agencies, clubs or places associated with recreation. The qualitative research was employed. Results. Analysis of the language of persuasion used in this material allowed observation of the methods and the use of persuasive language resources and the categories of personal pronouns meant to support the development of a bond between the supplier and the consumer. Conclusions. The language of the advertising slogans and contents reflects the structure of natural speech, intentionally enhanced with linguistics means of persuasion. From the analyzed texts emerges a model profile – designed by the Australian tourism industry – of a backpacker as a consumer with clearly defined needs and expectations

Wprawianie krajobrazu w ruch

In 2019, under the motto "Let's Organise Your Future", Warsaw Biennial orchestrated a multithreaded programme consisting of performances, exhibitions, conferences, workshops and seminars. One of the main themes was migration, including the movement of Ukrainian citizens to Poland, chosen as the starting point for an audio walk through Warsaw's Praga district. The co-authors of the walk, architects and a playwright, talk about how the walk Not Together but Close came into being, about migrations, experiencing and domesticating space

Compliance with physical activity health recommendations in members of non-governmental organizations promoting active lifestyle

Introduction A vital role in health maintenance and the prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases is played by an adequate level of physical activity. In recent decades, numerous guidelines have been developed to determine the criteria of physical activity levels that are essential to obtain overall health benefits. Objective The aim of the presented study was evaluation of the physical activity of adult members of non-governmental organizations promoting active lifestyle, in compliance with recommendations of the World Health Organization and the American College of Sport Medicine. Material and methods The study examined 95 adult members of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) promoting an active lifestyle in the Silesian Province of Western Poland. In order to make a comprehensive physical activity evaluation (including all criteria of most complex health-recommendations), both an objective tool (ActiGraph GT3X) and a subjective tool (Daily Physical Activity Log) were used. Results Compliance with a weekly total time of moderate to vigorous aerobic efforts were observed in 47% of women and 44% of men with regard to WHO guidelines, and in 29% of women and 23% of men, respectively, regarding ACSM guidelines. The criterion for the frequency of strength exercises was met by 24% of women and 15% of men. Flexibility exercises level was adequate in 35% of women and 28% of men. Conclusions The most frequent cause of non-meeting the criteria of the above- mentioned organisations were insufficient frequency of the weekly resistance (strength) exercises and flexibility exercises. There is a need to create public health programmes based on the complex physical activity recommendations, including all types of physical efforts (aerobic, strength, flexibility), and to emphasise the fact that meeting all of them is essential to obtain overall health benefits