POSITION OBSERVATION FOR MAGNET UNIT AT SPRING-8

Abstract The position observations for the magnet unit of the SPring-8 storage ring are executed using the laser tracker for horizontal plane and the precision level N3 or DiNi11 for vertical plane. And, the measurements are carried on each year during the summer maintenance periods to monitor the changes. This paper will give a brief description of the survey methods as well as the results of measurements

X-ray imaging microscope with a partial coherent illumination

ABSTRACT An x-ray imaging microscopy experiment n a s performed at the x-ray energ!-of 8 keV. A Fresnel zone plate (FZP) fabricated by electron-beam lithography technique was used as an objective. Material of the zone structure is tantalum. The experiment was done at the undulator beamline BL47XU of Spring-8. Undulator radiation u-as monochromatized by passing through a liquid nitrogen cooled Si 11 1 double crystal monochromator. In order to eliminate speckle-like background noise; a partial coherent illumination was introduced by using a -'beam diffuser" consisted of graphite powder. Beam spread of the illumination with the diffuser was about 35 p a d . A charge coupled device (CCD) camera coupled d h a phosphor screen and a microscope objective (x 12 or x 24) was used as an image detector. Converted pixel size with the x 24 lens was 0.5 pm. Magnitication of the x-ray microscope system was set to be 7.61 -13. Pitch of0.6 pm (0.3 pm line and 0.3 pm space) pattern of the test chart \\.as resolvedd; and the outermost zone structure of the same type of FZP was obsemed. Imaging properties are also discussed by using Hopkins' optical imaging t h e o~

Electronic structure study of local dielectric properties of lanthanoid oxide clusters

Please also see, errata, Ph.D. thesis, Pawel Szarek 京都大学学術情報リポジトリ(京都大学図書館機構) [Szarek, Pawel, Theoretical Study of Electronic States of Chemical Bonds.(化学結合の電子状態に関する理論的研究.) http://hdl.handle.net/2433/66212 ]Density functional calculations are performed for lanthanum-oxide clusters in order to study the local dielectric properties of such clusters using the dielectric constant defined at local points. An increase in coordination number brings about an increase in electron population on the central lanthanum atom, leading to an increase in the local dielectric constant

Neonatal Pulmonary Macrophage Depletion Coupled to Defective Mucus Clearance Increases Susceptibility to Pneumonia and Alters Pulmonary Immune Responses

Resident immune cells (e.g., macrophages [MΦs]) and airway mucus clearance both contribute to a healthy lung environment. To investigate interactions between pulmonary MΦ function and defective mucus clearance, a genetic model of lysozyme M (LysM) promoter–mediated MΦ depletion was generated, characterized, and crossed with the sodium channel β subunit transgenic (Scnn1b-Tg) mouse model of defective mucus clearance. Diphtheria toxin A–mediated depletion of LysM(+) pulmonary MΦs in wild-type mice with normal mucus clearance resulted in lethal pneumonia in 24% of neonates. The pneumonias were dominated by Pasteurella pneumotropica and accompanied by emaciation, neutrophilic inflammation, and elevated Th1 cytokines. The incidence of emaciation and pneumonia reached 51% when LysM(+) MΦ depletion was superimposed on the airway mucus clearance defect of Scnn1b-Tg mice. In LysM(+) MΦ-depleted Scnn1b-Tg mice, pneumonias were associated with a broader spectrum of bacterial species and a significant reduction in airway mucus plugging. Bacterial burden (CFUs) was comparable between Scnn1b-Tg and nonpneumonic LysM(+) MΦ-depleted Scnn1b-Tg mice. However, the nonpneumonic LysM(+) MΦ-depleted Scnn1b-Tg mice exhibited increased airway inflammation, the presence of neutrophilic infiltration, and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with Scnn1b-Tg mice. Collectively, these data identify key MΦ–mucus clearance interactions with respect to both infectious and inflammatory components of muco-obstructive lung disease

OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE SPRING-8 STORAGE RING

Abstract The SPring-8 storage ring is usually operated with the cycle of three-weeks. The full operation time in one cycle is about 400 hours and three fourth, about 300 hours are dedicated to users. Since 2001, the cycle of four-weeks is also usually used. Up to now the storage ring completed user service operation of about four years. Over this period the storage ring was operated stably and the total user time reaches more than 12,400 hours, 70% of whole operation time. In order to obtain more brilliant X-rays, we have realized four magnet-free long straight sections (LSS's) of 27 meters in the storage ring in the summer shutdown of the year 2000. Via smooth machine tuning, the user service operation was successfully started from the beginning of October 2000, keeping almost the same beam performance as that before the LSS's installation: The estimated horizontal emittance is about 6 nm⋅rad and the vertical one is at most 14 pm⋅rad. Beam lifetime is longer than 110 hours in multi-bunch operation. The operational status and recent beam performance of the SPring-8 storage ring will be presented, comparing with that before the LSS's installation. OPERATIONS Operation Statistics in 2000 During the year 2000 a total operation time of the storage ring was 4,973 hours, and 3,264 hours (65.6%) has been delivered to the users. The down time was 89 hours, 1.8% of the user time. The remaining 1,620 hours (32.6%) were used for the machine tuning, for the photon beamline tuning and for the commissioning of new photon beamlines. Three weeks (about 500 hours) were used for the beam commissioning after the installation of four magnet-free long straight sections (LSS's)