Prvi dokaz invazije pasa lutalica na Filipinima protozoonom Babesia gibsoni pomoću imunokromatografskog testa.

A total of 46 stray dogs in an impounding facility comprising 17 males and 29 females were diagnosed using the Babesia gibsoni P50 truncated antigen immunochromatographic test (P50t-ICT). Thirteen dogs (28.0%) were serologically positive. There was no cross-reactivity with serum samples from Babesia canis (= B. vogeli)-infected dogs and none of the ICT strips showed invalid results, which reinforce the sensitivity and specificity of the P50t antigen and the reliability and accuracy of the P50t-ICT. Thirty-seven (80.4%) dogs had mixed tick infestations principally of the genus Rhipicephalus and Boophilus. From 11 seropositive and 20 seronegative dogs a total of 80 Rhipicephalus ticks were pooled. Among the 33 seronegative dogs, 48.5% had infestation with Rhipicephalus sp. only, 12.1% with Boophilus sp. only, 12.1% with mixed Rhipicephalus sp. and Boophilus sp., and 19.6% were un-infested. This paper documents the first account of serological detection of B. gibsoni in stray dogs and their infestation mainly with Rhipicephalus sp. suggestive of their role as putative key vectors of B. gibsoni in Philippine stray dogs.Istraživanje je provedeno kako bi se imunokromatografskim testom (P50t-ICT) dokazala prisutnost protozoona Babesia gibsoni u pasa lutalica na Filipinima. Ukupno je bilo pretraženo 46 pasa, 17 mužjaka i 29 ženki, na prisutnost antigena p50 protozoona Babesia gibsoni. Trinaest pasa (28%) bilo je serološki pozitivno. Nije ustanovljen nijedan slučaj križne reaktivnosti s uzorcima seruma pasa prirodno invadiranima protozoonom Babesia canis (Babesia vogeli). Test se pokazao prikladnim, osjetljivim, specifičnim, pouzdanim i točnim. U 37 pasa (80,4%) dokazane su mješovite infestacije krpeljima rodova Rhipicephalus i Boophilus. Na 11 serološki pozitivnih i 20 serološki negativnih pasa pronađeno je ukupno 80 krpelja iz roda Rhipicephalus. Od 33 serološki negativna psa krpelji roda Rhipicephalus dokazani su u 48,5%, roda Boophilus u 12,1%, a jedna mješovita infestacija vrstama tih rodova dokazana je također u 12,1% pasa. U 27,3% pasa krpelji nisu dokazani. Ovaj rad prvi put prikazuje mogućnost serološkoga dokaza infekcije vrstom B. gibsoni u pasa lutalica i njihovu infestaciju pretežito krpeljima roda Rhipicephalus kao ključnih prijenosnika B. gibsoni u pasa lutalica na Filipinim

Imunokromatografski test za dokaz invazije vrstama Babesia caballi i Babesia equi Laveran 1901 (Theileria equi Mehlhorn i Schein, 1998) (Phylum Apicomplexa) u fi lipinskih konja u usporedbi s dokazom parazita u krvnim razmascima

Sera collected from 71 slaughtered and 33 racing horses were assayed for Babesia spp. infection using immunochromatographic (ICT) assay. The ICT strips which were developed at the National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases (NRCPD), Obihiro University, Hokkaido, Japan contained a recombinant B. caballi 48-kDa rhoptry protein (rBc48) and a recombinant truncated B. equi merozoite antigen 2 (rEMA-2t) for the detection of anti-horse Babesia spp. antibodies. The 63 sero-positive blood samples consisted of 41(57.7%) and 22 (66.7%) cases in slaughtered and racing horses, respectively. Twelve sera (19.0%) reacted with both B. caballi and B. equi antigens, 45 sera (71.0%) reacted with rBc48 antigen only, and six sera (10.0%) were positive for B. equi antibodies only. Babesia caballi infection accounted for 90.5% cases. Infection with B. caballi and/or B. equi confirmed in Giemsa-stained blood smears prepared from racing horse samples only revealed 22 (66.7%) seropositive cases. Paired pear or crescent-shaped merozoites (0.5-1.25 μm), characteristic of B. caballi were observed in 20 blood smears, while only two seropositive cases revealed the presence of both B. caballi and the Maltese cross or tetrad-shaped merozoites (0.62-0.95 μm) generally associated with Theileria sp. (B. equi) parasite. To our knowledge, this is the first immunochromatographic assay of equine babesiosis in the Philippines validated by the detection of specific etiologic agent(s) in blood smears.Uzorci seruma 71 zaklanog konja i 33 športska konja bili su pretraženi na prisutnost protutijela za babezije imunokromatografskim testom (ICT). Testovi razvijeni u Nacionalnom istraživačkom centru za protozojske bolesti u sklopu Sveučilišta Obihiro u Hokaidu u Japanu sadržavali su rekombinantni protein od 48-kDa (rBc48) vrste B. caballi i rekombinantni krnji merozoitski antigen 2 (rEMA-2t) vrste B. equi za određivanje protutijela za vrste roda Babesia. Od ukupno 63 serološki pozitivna konja, 41 (57,7%) pripadao je skupini kojoj je krv bila uzeta pri klanju, a 22 (66,7%) bila su iz skupine športskih konja. Dvadeset uzoraka seruma (19,0%) bilo je pozitivno na oba antigena (B. caballi i B. equi), 45 uzoraka (71,0%) samo na antigen rBc48, dok je svega šest uzoraka (10%) bilo pozitivno na protutijela za vrstu B. equi. Protutijela za vrstu B. caballi bila su dokazana u 90,5% pretraženih uzoraka. Pretragom krvnih razmazaka obojenih po Giemzi babezije su bile dokazane u svega 22 (66,7%) športska konja. Kruškaste tvorevine (0,5-1,25 μm), karakteristične za merozoite protozoona B. caballi bile su dokazane u 20 razmazaka krvi. Samo u dva serološki pozitivna uzorka dokazana je vrsta B. caballi i merozoiti razmješteni u obliku malteškoga križa (0,62-0,95 μm) što je i karakteristika protozoa iz roda Theileria (B. equi). Ovim istraživanjem prvi put je dokazana prikladnost imunokromatografskoga testa za određivanje protutijela za babezije konja na Filipinima, a rezultati su uspoređeni s nalazom uzročnika u krvnim razmascima

Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Measurement of nuclear modification factors of gamma(1S)), gamma(2S), and gamma(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The cross sections for ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, RAA(ϒ(1S)) > RAA(ϒ(2S)) > RAA(ϒ(3S)). The suppression of ϒ(1S) is larger than that seen at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the RAA of ϒ(3S) integrated over pT, rapidity and centrality is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for a quarkonium state in heavy ion collisions to date. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.Peer reviewe

Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions root s =13 TeV

A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lljj final state with l including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses m(ll) > 50 GeV, m(jj) > 120 GeV, and transverse momenta P-Tj > 25 GeV is sigma(EW) (lljj) = 534 +/- 20 (stat) fb (syst) fb, in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -2.6 <cwww/Lambda(2) <2.6 TeV-2 and -8.4 <cw/Lambda(2) <10.1 TeV-2. The additional jet activity of events in a signal-enriched region is also studied, and the measurements are in agreement with predictions.Peer reviewe