Despacho económico multiperiodo con restricciones de seguridad usando los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF

The unit commitment (UC) problem consists in optimally determining which generation units must supply power to the system in a typical time horizon of 24 hours. The security- constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is a problem of high computational cost due to the quantity and nature of the variables involved. This paper presents an alternative formulation of the SCUC to reduce its computational cost, by using the PTDF and LODF sensitivity factors. In contrast to classic formulations, the use of these factors allows calculating power flows without using nodal angles, reducing the number of variables and constraints of the model. In addition, an N-1 active contingency filter methodology is implemented that further reduces the computational burden through user cuts. Results are presented for the IEEE-RTS96 system that demonstrates the robustness and applicability of the proposed approach. It was found that the use of PTDF and LODF sensitivity factors, in conjunction with the contingency filter methodology, reduces the computational cost by up to 86% with respect to its conventional formulation. Additionally, the proposed methodology identifies which lines are more vulnerable due to overloads, and which lines cause the greatest impacts to the system when they fail.El problema de despacho económico multiperiodo (DEM) consiste en determinar de manera óptima que unidades de generación deben suministrar potencia al sistema en un horizonte de tiempo típico de 24 horas. El DEM con restricciones de seguridad (SCUC por sus siglas en inglés) es un problema de alto costo computacional debido a la cantidad y naturaleza de las variables involucradas. En este artículo se presenta una formulación alternativa del SCUC para reducir su costo computacional, mediante el uso de los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF. En contraste con las formulaciones clásicas, el uso de estos factores permite calcular flujos de carga  sin necesidad de utilizar los ángulos nodales, reduciendo el número de variables y restricciones del modelo. Además, se implementa una metodología de filtro de contingencias activas N-1 que reduce aún más la carga computacional, a través de cortes de usuario. Se presentan resultados para el sistema IEEE-RTS96 que evidencian la robustez y aplicabilidad del modelo propuesto. Se encontró que el uso de los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF, en conjunto con la metodología de filtros de contingencias, reduce el costo computacional hasta en un 86% con respecto a su formulación convencional. Adicionalmente, la metodología propuesta identifica que líneas son más vulnerables debido a sobrecargas, y cuales líneas causan mayores impactos al sistema cuando fallan

Despacho económico multiperiodo con restricciones de seguridad usando los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF

The unit commitment (UC) problem consists in optimally determining which generation units must supply power to the system in a typical time horizon of 24 hours. The security- constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is a problem of high computational cost due to the quantity and nature of the variables involved. This paper presents an alternative formulation of the SCUC to reduce its computational cost, by using the PTDF and LODF sensitivity factors. In contrast to classic formulations, the use of these factors allows calculating power flows without using nodal angles, reducing the number of variables and constraints of the model. In addition, an N-1 active contingency filter methodology is implemented that further reduces the computational burden through user cuts. Results are presented for the IEEE-RTS96 system that demonstrates the robustness and applicability of the proposed approach. It was found that the use of PTDF and LODF sensitivity factors, in conjunction with the contingency filter methodology, reduces the computational cost by up to 86% with respect to its conventional formulation. Additionally, the proposed methodology identifies which lines are more vulnerable due to overloads, and which lines cause the greatest impacts to the system when they fail.El problema de despacho económico multiperiodo (DEM) consiste en determinar de manera óptima que unidades de generación deben suministrar potencia al sistema en un horizonte de tiempo típico de 24 horas. El DEM con restricciones de seguridad (SCUC por sus siglas en inglés) es un problema de alto costo computacional debido a la cantidad y naturaleza de las variables involucradas. En este artículo se presenta una formulación alternativa del SCUC para reducir su costo computacional, mediante el uso de los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF. En contraste con las formulaciones clásicas, el uso de estos factores permite calcular flujos de carga  sin necesidad de utilizar los ángulos nodales, reduciendo el número de variables y restricciones del modelo. Además, se implementa una metodología de filtro de contingencias activas N-1 que reduce aún más la carga computacional, a través de cortes de usuario. Se presentan resultados para el sistema IEEE-RTS96 que evidencian la robustez y aplicabilidad del modelo propuesto. Se encontró que el uso de los factores de sensibilidad PTDF y LODF, en conjunto con la metodología de filtros de contingencias, reduce el costo computacional hasta en un 86% con respecto a su formulación convencional. Adicionalmente, la metodología propuesta identifica que líneas son más vulnerables debido a sobrecargas, y cuales líneas causan mayores impactos al sistema cuando fallan

Propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa Zafras S.A.

El desarrollo del presente proyecto es realizado por los estudiantes del grupo 20 del Diplomado en SCM y Logística O.G. 1601 del 2021. Supply Chain Management y Logística busca las relaciones o enlaces entre las empresas en su red de valor, de forma dinamizada con velocidad y exactitud donde su sistema de materiales está dado por el mercado bajo el sistema Pull. SCM y Logística hacen parte de los procesos de las empresas por los constantes cambios que se presentan en el entorno y los mercados, tomando gran importancia para ser factor de éxito y que debe ser implementado para permanecer en el sector. Se espera identificar las oportunidades que tiene una empresa con la implementación de estrategias de Supply Chain Management, mediante el conocimiento adquirido de los diferentes procesos logísticos como son: el aprovisionamiento, el transporte, la distribución, y la gestión de almacenes e inventarios que permitan soportar la gestión de la red de valor. La empresa seleccionada para implementar estrategias de Supply Chain Management y Logística es ZAFRAS S.A para mejorar sus niveles de competitividad en el sector agroindusstrial; la selección de la empresa se realiza mediante consenso por los diferentes integrantes del diplomado, teniendo en cuenta criterios como: mediana empresa, con acceso a la información y lo más importante se pueden proponer mejoras a los procesos logísticos para gestionar su red de valor. El propósito del desarrollo de este proyecto es realizar la propuesta de Supply Chain Management en la empresa Zafras S.A identificando las estructuras, procesos logísticos y cadena de suministro usando modelos propios que permita proponer mejoras de optimización en los procesos logísticos de la empresa innovando servicios, procesos y sistemas productivos y logísticos; mejorando la efectividad operativa a partir de la optimización de recursos y planteando estrategias y herramientas de gestión para la sostenibilidad de Zafras S.A.The development of this project is carried out by the students of group 20 of the Diploma in SCM and Logistics O.G. 1601 of 2021. Supply Chain Management and Logistics seeks the relationships or links between the companies in its value network, in a dynamic way with speed and accuracy where its material system is given by the market under the Pull system. SCM and Logistics are part of the processes of the companies due to the constant changes that occur in the environment and the markets, taking great importance to be a factor of success and that must be implemented to remain in the sector. It is expected to identify the opportunities that a company has with the implementation of Supply Chain Management strategies, through the acquired knowledge of the different logistics processes such as: supply, transport, distribution, and warehouse and inventory management that allow supporting the management of the value network. The company selected to implement Supply Chain Management and Logistics strategies is ZAFRAS S.A to improve its levels of competitiveness in the agro-industrial sector; The selection of the company is made by consensus by the different members of the diploma, taking into account criteria such as: medium-sized company, with access to information and, most importantly, improvements to the logistics processes can be proposed to manage its value network. The purpose of the development of this project is to carry out the Supply Chain Management proposal in the company Zafras SA, identifying the structures, logistics processes and supply chain using its own models that allow proposing optimization improvements in the company's logistics processes, innovating services, processes and production and logistics systems; improving operational effectiveness from the optimization of resources and proposing strategies and management tools for the sustainability of Zafras S.A

Villa del Mar

El producto se basa en construir el urbanismo de la primera fase de la Reserva Campestre Villa del Mar, dentro de este documento se encuentran estudios y análisis de información para diseñar un plan de gestión de proyecto y proceder a la ejecución, su alcance, tiempo y costos. La empresa EL POBLADO S.A. es la entidad que esta patrocinando el proyecto, ha asignado al Ingeniero Edwin Andrés Gutiérrez como director del proyecto, quien, en compañía con el Arquitecto Cristian Camilo Chivata, El ingeniero Jaime Antonio Marín y el Ingeniero Diego Alberto Morales, desarrollarán un documento detallado para dirigir y dar seguimiento a la construcción de esta primera fase del proyecto, siempre cumpliendo con sus políticas institucionales, las cuales se informan en el documento. Con base en las directrices de las buenas prácticas para la gestión de proyectos que nos brinda el PMBOK, se desarrolla cada uno de los planes de gestión que se necesitan para finalizar con éxito este proyecto, pasando por la gestión de la integración, los interesados, del alcance, Cronograma, costo, recursos, comunicaciones, calidad, riesgos y adquisiciones. Hacemos seguimiento y control a todos los planes de gestión y desarrollamos avances del proyecto para estudiar su progreso.The product is based on building the urbanism of the first phase of the Villa del Mar Country Reserve, within this document are studies and analysis of information to design a project management plan and proceed to the execution, its scope, time and costs. The company EL POBLADO S.A. is the entity that is sponsoring the project, has assigned the Engineer Edwin Andrés Gutiérrez as director of the project, who, in company with the Architect Cristian Camilo Chivata, the engineer Jaime Antonio Marín and the Engineer Diego Alberto Morales, will develop a detailed document to direct and follow up on the construction of this first phase of the project, always complying with its institutional policies, which are reported in the document. Based on the guidelines of good practices for project management provided by the PMBOK, each of the management plans that are needed to successfully complete this project is developed, going through the management of integration, stakeholders, scope, schedule, cost, resources, communications, quality, risks and acquisitions. We monitor and control all management plans and develop project progress to study its progress

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe