PIBID como espaço de formação docente na educação infantil

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014O presente trabalho apresenta o Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência - PIBID, da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, enquanto prática de formação docente inicial na educação infantil. Tem como objetivo discutir e refletir sobre os desafios e novas possibilidades nesta modalidade de ensino. A metodologia se caracteriza pela pesquisa ação e observação. Neste trabalho serão apresentadas as impressões inicias da prática docente e discente nas vivencias do projeto e apresentação de um novo olhar para educação dos pequenos fundamentadas na perspectiva histórico cultural. Ressaltamos que a intencionalidade do trabalho é contribuir com a formação docente na educação infantil e com construção de educação significativa que valorize as múltiplas formas de expressão e linguagens infantil e a cultura lúdica e as capacidades expressivas da criança e suas linguagen

Gut microbiota disturbance during helminth infection: can it affect cognition and behaviour of children?

Background: Bidirectional signalling between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract is regulated at neural, hormonal, and immunological levels. Recent studies have shown that helminth infections can alter the normal gut microbiota. Studies have also shown that the gut microbiota is instrumental in the normal development, maturation and function of the brain. The pathophysiological pathways by which helminth infections contribute to altered cognitive function remain poorly understood. Discussion: We put forward the hypothesis that gastrointestinal infections with parasitic worms, such as helminths, induce an imbalance of the gut-brain axis, which, in turn, can detrimentally manifest in brain development. Factors supporting this hypothesis are: 1) research focusing on intelligence and school performance in school-aged children has shown helminth infections to be associated with cognitive impairment, 2) disturbances in gut microbiota have been shown to be associated with important cognitive developmental effects, and 3) helminth infections have been shown to alter the gut microbiota structure. Evidence on the complex interactions between extrinsic (parasite) and intrinsic (host-derived) factors has been synthesised and discussed. Summary: While evidence in favour of the helminth-gut microbiota-central nervous system hypothesis is circumstantial, it would be unwise to rule it out as a possible mechanism by which gastrointestinal helminth infections induce childhood cognitive morbidity. Further empirical studies are necessary to test an indirect effect of helminth infections on the modulation of mood and behaviour through its effects on the gut microbiota

Tratamiento conservador del hallux valgus juvenil mediante ortesis nocturnas

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos con tratamiento conservador del hallux valgus juvenil con el uso de ortesis nocturnas confeccionadas a medida, con material termoplástico, en 18 pacientes con edades de 8 a 15 años (media: 12 años). El tiempo medio de tratamiento fue de 18 meses y los pacientes fueron seguidos después del tratamiento por igual período de tiempo. Debe destacarse el alto abandono del método que alcanzó la cifra del 44%. Fueron utilizados como parámetros de valoración de resultados las medidas radiográficas de los ángulos de valguismo del hallux (AVH) e intermetatarsiano l-II (AIM), obtenidas antes y después de terminado el período de observación. El valor medio inicial del AVH fue de 22° y al final fue de 20°. Las medidas de los valores del AIM fueron 11 y 10,7°, respectivamente. Ambas medidas no se diferencian entre sí desde el punto de vista estadístico, lo que lleva a concluir que el tratamiento utilizado no fue capaz de corregir las deformidades básicas del hallus valgus infantil, pero evita la progresión de esas deformidades.The results of conservative treatment of adolescent hallux valgus using custom made nocturnal splints in 18 patients ranging in age from 8 to 15 years (mean 12) are presented. The average period of treatment and follow-up was 18 months. There was a high rate (44%) of treatment abandon. As assessment parameters were used radiographic measures of the hallux valgus angle and the intermetatarsal I-II angle. Measures were obtained before treatment and at the end of follow-up. The initial mean valgus angle was 22° and the last mean value 20°. The mean valus of the intermetatarsal angle were respectively 11° and 10,7°. There were no significant statistical differences, indicating that the treatment of hallux valgus using nocturnal splintage do not correct the deformity but avoid its progression

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio

Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS

The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes. This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table, corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross-section in pp collisions at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV using 35 pb-1 of ATLAS data

A measurement of the differential cross-section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges |eta|<1.37 and 1.52<=|eta|<2.37 in the transverse energy range 45<=E_T<400GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The yields of the signal photons are measured using a data-driven technique, based on the observed distribution of the hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate and the photon selection criteria. The results are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and found to be in good agreement over four orders of magnitude in cross-section.Comment: 7 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 4 tables, final version published in Physics Letters

Reducing heterotic M-theory to five dimensional supergravity on a manifold with boundary

This paper constructs the reduction of heterotic $M$-theory in eleven dimensions to a supergravity model on a manifold with boundary in five dimensions using a Calabi-Yau three-fold. New results are presented for the boundary terms in the action and for the boundary conditions on the bulk fields. Some general features of dualisation on a manifold with boundary are used to explain the origin of some topological terms in the action. The effect of gaugino condensation on the fermion boundary conditions leads to a `twist' in the chirality of the gravitino which can provide an uplifting mechanism in the vacuum energy to cancel the cosmological constant after moduli stabilisation.Comment: 16 pages, RevTe