Apprivoiser MoReq : pour archiver et conserver l’information

L’objectif de ce document, fondé sur la mise en commun d’expériences multiples, est de fournir à tout responsable d’un projet d’archivage électronique, quel que soit son profil (informaticien, archiviste, responsable métier, juriste…) un guide pratique des questions à poser et des actions à mener pour mettre en place un système cohérent, fiable et assimilable par l’ensemble des acteurs concernés, à l’appui d’une politique d’archivage de l’entreprise

Novel Prediction Methods of Multicarrier Multipactor for Space Industry Standards

[EN] Multipactor prediction methods are of high relevance for the space industry in order to prevent its appearance during the design phase of RF high-power components. Up to the present time, prediction for multicarrier signals has been covered by an empirical rule, the 20-gap-crossing rule (20GCR), proposed in the 2003 version of the multipactor standard published by the European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS). The 20GCR has been widely used by the space industry, although some studies have demonstrated that it might be inaccurate in some situations. The latest version of the ECSS multipactor standard, published in 2020, presents two novel methods for multipactor prediction with multicarrier signals: the pulsed method and the envelope sweep (ES) method, both simple, accurate enough, and suitable for industry standards. While the pulsed model is a simple and fast method based on a 1-D analytical theory, the ES method is more accurate and able to deal with real 3-D microwave structures. This article details both multipactor prediction methods, as well as their practical validation with a large dataset from previous analytical studies and experimental activities.The authors would like to thank the ESA-ESTEC and ASD-Eurospace for the creation and support of the ECSSE-ST-20-01 working group for the update of the ECSS multipactor standard, which has been the motivation of this work.Anza, S.; Puech, J.; Raboso, D.; Wochner, U.; Mader, P.; Koch, O.; Angevain, J.... (2022). Novel Prediction Methods of Multicarrier Multipactor for Space Industry Standards. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 70(1):670-684. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2021.312009567068470

Contributions au colloque La conciliation dans le ressort de la cour d'appel de Toulouse, Acte 2

Ce document contient une partie des contributions au colloque "La conciliation dans le ressort de la cour d'appel de Toulouse, Acte 2" organisé par la cour d'appel de Toulouse et l'Institut de Droit Privé de l'Université Toulouse 1 Capitole : - Plaquette de présentation du colloque - Propos introductifs de M. Defix - Table ronde "la tentative de conciliation obligatoire préalable à la saisine du juge", interventions de Mme Leclercq et Mr Brugel - Table ronde "la tentative de conciliation obligatoire devant le juge", interventions de Mme Bruggeman et Me Capéla - Table ronde "la conciliation devant le conseil de prud'hommes", interventions de Mme Dupouey-Dehan et Mr Made

Contributions au colloque La conciliation dans le ressort de la cour d'appel de Toulouse, Acte 2

Ce document contient une partie des contributions au colloque "La conciliation dans le ressort de la cour d'appel de Toulouse, Acte 2" organisé par la cour d'appel de Toulouse et l'Institut de Droit Privé de l'Université Toulouse 1 Capitole : - Plaquette de présentation du colloque - Propos introductifs de M. Defix - Table ronde "la tentative de conciliation obligatoire préalable à la saisine du juge", interventions de Mme Leclercq et Mr Brugel - Table ronde "la tentative de conciliation obligatoire devant le juge", interventions de Mme Bruggeman et Me Capéla - Table ronde "la conciliation devant le conseil de prud'hommes", interventions de Mme Dupouey-Dehan et Mr Made

The Readability of Information and Consent Forms in Clinical Research in France

BACKGROUND: Quantitative tools have been developed to evaluate the readability of written documents and have been used in several studies to evaluate information and consent forms. These studies all showed that such documents had a low level of readability. Our objective is to evaluate the readability of Information and Consent Forms (ICFs) used in clinical research. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Clinical research protocols were collected from four public clinical research centers in France. Readability was evaluated based on three criteria: the presence of an illustration, the length of the text and its Flesch score. Potential effects of protocol characteristics on the length and readability of the ICFs were determined. Medical and statutory parts of the ICF form were analyzed separately. The readability of these documents was compared with that of everyday contracts, press articles, literary extracts and political speeches. We included 209 protocols and the corresponding 275 ICFs. The median length was 1304 words. Their Flesch readability scores were low (median: 24), and only about half that of selected press articles. ICF s for industrially sponsored and randomized protocols were the longest and had the highest readability scores. More than half (52%) of the text in ICFs concerned medical information, and this information was statistically (p<0.05) more readable (Flesch: 28) than statutory information (Flesch: 21). CONCLUSION: Regardless of the field of research, the ICFs for protocols included had poor readability scores. However, a prospective analysis of this test in French should be carried out before it is put into general use

Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach

Background Building the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) was proposed to strengthen the European One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance approach. Objectives To define the combinations of animal species/production types/age categories/bacterial species/specimens/antimicrobials to be monitored in EARS-Vet. Methods The EARS-Vet scope was defined by consensus between 26 European experts. Decisions were guided by a survey of the combinations that are relevant and feasible to monitor in diseased animals in 13 European countries (bottom-up approach). Experts also considered the One Health approach and the need for EARS-Vet to complement existing European AMR monitoring systems coordinated by the ECDC and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Results EARS-Vet plans to monitor AMR in six animal species [cattle, swine, chickens (broilers and laying hens), turkeys, cats and dogs], for 11 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus suis). Relevant antimicrobials for their treatment were selected (e.g. tetracyclines) and complemented with antimicrobials of more specific public health interest (e.g. carbapenems). Molecular data detecting the presence of ESBLs, AmpC cephalosporinases and methicillin resistance shall be collected too. Conclusions A preliminary EARS-Vet scope was defined, with the potential to fill important AMR monitoring gaps in the animal sector in Europe. It should be reviewed and expanded as the epidemiology of AMR changes, more countries participate and national monitoring capacities improve.Peer reviewe

Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win–win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win–win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies

Abstracts from the NIHR INVOLVE Conference 2017

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Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p&lt;0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (&lt;1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (&lt;1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline