Régulation de la teneur en ca²+ du muscle squelettique et du muscle cardiaque en conditions physiologiques

Abstract: Calcium is an essential element involved in various physiological processes such as cell apoptosis and muscle contraction. Several pathologies have been associated to a bad intracellular Ca²+ handling, which leads to changes in total Ca²+ concentration in the muscle ([CaT]WM). A new method has recently been developed in our laboratory (Lamboley et al., 2015; J. Gen. Physiol., 145(2):127153) to measure [CaT]WM in skeletal and cardiac muscle, which allowed us to make the following observations: 1) [CaT]WM in mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL), increases as the mouse weight / muscle weight ratio increases; 2) [CaT]WM in the EDL (but not in the soleus) and in the left ventricle of agitated/active mice was almost twofold higher than that of control mice. We hypothesize that there is one or multiple physiological mechanisms regulating [CaT]WM in the muscle to satisfy force requirements. Our goals are to find a group of reproductible conditions involved in [CaT]WM regulation, as well as adapting the previously mentioned method, so faster measurements can be performed. 36 mice were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: 1) control mice (rested); 2) injected with epinephrine or saline; 3) trained in a treadmill; 4) injected with epinephrine or saline and trained in a treadmill. [CaT]Heart values of control mice were ~27 times higher than those reported by other authors. Our results indicate a decrease in [CaT]WM in all the muscles studied in those mice under epinephrine, probably because of α-adrenergic stimulation dominating over β-adrenergic stimulation. This decrease was more pronounced when the treadmill training was added to the injection, probably because more Ca²+ is being released from the SR, so more Ca²+ can be extruded to the extracellular space. We report an increase of [CaT]WM in the EDL when the treadmill training is applied alone, which might represent a Ca²+ upregulation mechanism by which the muscle builds up intracellular Ca²+ to satisfy force requirements. The channels responsible for Ca²+ entry are yet to be identified. Finally, the adaptations applied on the technique proved to be useful for performing faster measurements.Le Ca²+ est un élément se trouvant dans plusieurs processus physiologiques, parmi lesquels, la contraction musculaire et l’apoptose cellulaire. Plusieurs pathologies sont associées à une mauvaise régulation du Ca²+ intracellulaire. Une nouvelle méthode a été développée dans notre laboratoire (Lamboley et al., 2015; J. Gen. Physiol., 145(2):127153), afin de mesurer la concentration totale de Ca²+ dans le muscle ([CaT]WM) de souris, ce qui nous a permis de faire les observations suivantes : 1) Pour l’extensor digitorum longus (EDL), plus le ratio poids de l’EDL/poids de la souris augmente, plus la [CaT]WM est élevée et 2) la [CaT]WM dans l’EDL (mais pas dans le soléaire) et dans le ventricule gauche des souris agitées/actives était environ 2 fois plus élevée que celle des souris témoins. Notre hypothèse est qu’il existe un ou plusieurs mécanismes qui régulent la [CaT]WM du muscle pour répondre à une demande spécifique de force. Nos buts sont de trouver un ensemble de conditions reproductibles affectant la [CaT]WM, ainsi que d’adapter la méthode utilisée afin de la rendre plus efficace. 36 souris ont été distribuées aléatoirement en plusieurs groupes : 1) souris témoins; 2) injectées à l’épinéphrine ou au salin; 3) injectées à l’épinéphrine ou avec une solution saline et entrainées avec un tapis roulant. La [CaT]Cardiaque mesurée a été ~27 fois plus élevée que celle rapportée par d'autres auteurs. Nos résultats indiquent une diminution de la [CaT]WM dans tous les muscles étudiés dans le cas des souris injectées a l’épinéphrine, peut-être dû à la dominance de la stimulation α-adrénergique sur la stimulation β-adrénergique. Cette diminution a été plus prononcée quand l’entrainement dans le tapis roulant a été combiné avec l’injection, puisque plus de Ca²+ est relâché à partir du RS, donc plus de Ca²+ peut être extrudé au milieu extracellulaire. Nous avons aussi observé une augmentation de la [CaT]WM dans l’EDL, quand seul l’entrainement a été appliqué, ce qui pourrait représenter le mécanisme de régulation que nous cherchons. Par contre, les canaux impliqués n’ont pas encore été identifiés. Finalement, les adaptations appliquées sur la méthode nous ont permis de réaliser des mesures de Ca²+ plus rapidement

Cumprimento do checklist de segurança para cirurgia em hospital do Santander. Um estudo transversal

  Introduction: Patient safety constitutes a priority in health care, being the surgical safety checklist one of the strategies implemented by the WHO. The objective was to determine the level of compliance in the application of the surgical safety checklist in surgical room personnel of a public institution. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study in 45 members of the surgical team in a hospital, in which compliance to the WHO checklist was evaluated during July and August 2018. Results: Overall compliance was 13.3% (n=6), with the pre-anesthesia phase reaching the highest level (55.6%, n=25). The highest compliance was recorded by the surgical instrumentation staff (100%, n=8), while the lowest by the nursing staff (25%, n=3), with statistically significant differences (p=0.005). Additionally, a correlation was observed between years of work in the service and compliance in the transfer phase (rho= -0.30, p=0.048). Discussion: Overall compliance was low, which corroborates the stated hypothesis and is similar to other studies described in the literature. Conclusions: The overall compliance to the checklist was very low, with differential behaviors as the surgical instrument technicians showed the highest compliance and the nursing staff the lowest. The antibiotic prophylaxis item was the least compliant, while the pre-anesthesia phase was the most compliant. How to cite this article: Sepúlveda Plata Martha Cecilia. López Romero Luis Alberto.  González Sandra Beatriz. Cumplimiento de la lista de verificación de seguridad de la cirugía en un hospital de Santander. Un estudio de corte trasversal. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(3):e2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2122    Introducción: La seguridad del paciente constituye una prioridad en la atención en salud, siendo la lista de verificación para la seguridad quirúrgica una de las estrategias implementadas por la OMS. El objetivo fue determinar el nivel de cumplimiento en la aplicación de la lista de verificación de seguridad de la cirugía en personal de sala quirúrgica de una institución pública. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en 45 miembros del equipo quirúrgico de un hospital, en los cuales se evaluó el cumplimiento a la lista de chequeo de la OMS durante el mes de julio y agosto del año 2018. Resultados: El cumplimiento global fue del 13.3% (n=6), siendo la fase previa a la anestesia la que alcanzó el mayor nivel (55.6%, n=25). El mayor cumplimiento lo registró el personal de instrumentación quirúrgica (100%, n=8), mientras el más bajo el personal de enfermería (25%, n=3), con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0.005). Adicionalmente, se observó una correlación entre los años de trabajo en el servicio y el cumplimiento en fase de transferencia (rho= -0.30, p=0.048). Discusión: El cumplimiento general fue bajo, lo cual corrobora la hipótesis planteada y resulta similar a otros estudios descritos en la literatura. Conclusiones: El cumplimiento general a la lista de chequeo fue muy bajo, con comportamientos diferenciales al ser las instrumentadoras quirúrgicas las que presentaron mayor cumplimiento y el personal de enfermería el menor. El ítem de profilaxis antibiótica el de menor cumplimiento, mientras que la fase previa a la anestesia la de mayor nivel. Como citar este artículo: Sepúlveda Plata Martha Cecilia. López Romero Luis Alberto.  González Sandra Beatriz. Cumplimiento de la lista de verificación de seguridad de la cirugía en un hospital de Santander. Un estudio de corte trasversal. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(3):e2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2122 Introdução: A segurança do paciente é prioridade na assistência à saúde, sendo o checklist de segurança cirúrgica uma das estratégias implantadas pela OMS. O objetivo foi determinar o nível de conformidade na aplicação da lista de verificação de segurança cirúrgica na equipe de centro cirúrgico de uma instituição pública. Materiais  e  métodos: Estudo transversal em 45 membros da equipe cirúrgica de um hospital, no qual foi avaliada a conformidade com o checklist da OMS durante os meses de julho e agosto de 2018. Resultados: A adesão geral foi de 13,3%(n=6), sendo a fase anterior à anestesia a que atingiu o nível mais alto (55,6%, n=25). A maior conformidade foi registrada pela equipe de instrumentação cirúrgica (100%, n=8), enquanto a menor foi pela equipe de enfermagem (25%, n=3), com diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p=0,005). Além disso, foi observada correlação entre anos de trabalho no serviço e adesão na fase de transferência (rho = -0,30, p=0,048).Discussão: A adesão geral foi baixa, o que corrobora a hipótese levantada e é semelhante a outros estudos descritos na literatura. Conclusões: O cumprimento geral do checklist foi muito baixo, com comportamentos diferenciados, visto que a instrumentação cirúrgica foi a que mais aderiu e a equipe de enfermagem menos. A profilaxia antibiótica item a de menor complacência, enquanto a fase pré-anestésica a de maior grau. Como citar este artigo: Sepúlveda Plata Martha Cecilia. López Romero Luis Alberto.  González Sandra Beatriz. Cumplimiento de la lista de verificación de seguridad de la cirugía en un hospital de Santander. Un estudio de corte trasversal. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(3):e2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2122&nbsp

Immunogenicity of a recombinant hemagglutinin neuraminidase-Porcine rubulavirus produced by Escherichia coli of Porcine rubulavirus gives protective immunity of litter after challenge

Porcine rubulavirus (PRV) is a contagious virus that affects the Mexican swine industry. This work aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of an recombinant hemagglutinin neuraminidase-Porcine rubulavirus (rHN-PorPV) candidate vaccine on pregnant sows, and the protective efficacy afforded to their 7-day- old suckling piglets against PRV lethal challenge. Three sows were immunized with rHN-PorPV formulated with immune-stimulating complex (ISCOMs) and two sows with rHN- PorPV protein alone as well as a mock-immunized pregnant sow (negative control). Quantitative ELISA detected a high concentration of anti-rHN-PorPV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in sow sera after the second dose of vaccine administered on day 14 until farrowing, showing viral-neutralizing and cross-neutralization activity against different variants of PRV. Sera samples from piglets of immunized sows (with or without adjuvant), showed high concentrations of IgG antibodies. As expected, piglets from the negative control sow (n=5), exhibited severe signs of disease and 100% of mortality after PRV challenge study. Conversely, 75% and 87.5% of the piglets born from the rHN-PorPV and the rHN-PorPV-ISCOMs-immunized sows (n= 8), survived, respectively, showing milder PRV clinical signs. Our data indicate that rHN-PorPV candidate vaccine produced in Escherichia coli induces efficient humoral response in pregnant sows and that the maternally derived immunity provides high protection to suckling piglets against PRV lethal challenge

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), minireview and collateral expected benefits of the vaccine.

Cervical neoplasia is the second leading cause of neoplastic death in Latin America. It is generally accepted that all cervical carcinomas have at least one high risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Due to the causal relationship of specific HPV types and cervical cancer and its role as precursor of skin lesions it is important to identify the involved genotype. HPV, as other tumor-viruses, induces oncogenesis by manipulating an array of different cellular pathways, which leads to immortalization and proliferation of the infected cells by disrupting the mitotic checkpoint upon infection of the host cell. Actually the role of the immune response in the development of cervical cancer is unknown as is the relationship between the type and level of expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin (IL)-4 in the cervical microenvironment within each of the stages of carcinogenesis with the HPV genotype causing the infection. An average annual cost to treat cervical cancer is U.S. $10,283 per patient. Taking into account the World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, in ten years the accumulated cases of cervical cancer might be 3,286,534, thus making a total budget of U.S.$ 33,795.4 million to treat all women. Universal vaccination against HPV might result in extended benefits as the decrease in mouth and oropharynx cancers as well as the reduction in health cost for the attendance of several neoplasias

Prevalencia de depresión en soldados regulares de un batallón de una ciudad colombiana, 2017

Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and its dimensions in soldiers in a Colombian battalion. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted to 410 soldiers; a questionnaire about depression issues was used to interview them. The prevalence of depression was analyzed in general and specific terms. Addiotionally, some factors of interest that are associated with it were studied too. Result: In general terms, the depression prevalence was 8,8%. On the other hand, the prevalence of the depression dimensions was: 11,7% for negative self-esteem, 24,6% for suicidal thoughts, 56,8% for poor social image perception, 26,3% for negative affect, 23, 4% for helplessness, and 19,3% for avoidance tendencies. Conclusion: To conclude, it is necessary to improve the selection criteria in order to analyze the soldiers’ mental health and, in this way, not to choose the candidates with depressive tendencies.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de depresión y de sus dimensiones en soldados de un batallón colombiano. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 410 soldados a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario de depresión. Se calcularon las prevalencias para cada dominio y para la depresión en general y la asociación con factores de interés. Resultados: La prevalencia de depresión fue del 8,8%; las prevalencias de los dominios fueron: 11,7% para la autoestima negativa, 24,6% para la ideación suicida, 56,8% para pobre imagen social, 26,3% para afecto negativo, 23,4% para desesperanza y 19,3% para evitación. Conclusión: Refinar los procedimientos de tamizaje en salud mental en el proceso de selección de los jóvenes soldados, para que sean desacuartelados aquellos aspirantes propensos a la depresión

Prevalencia de depresión en soldados regulares de un batallón de una ciudad colombiana, 2017

Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and its dimensions in soldiers in a Colombian battalion. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted to 410 soldiers; a questionnaire about depression issues was used to interview them. The prevalence of depression was analyzed in general and specific terms. Addiotionally, some factors of interest that are associated with it were studied too. Result: In general terms, the depression prevalence was 8,8%. On the other hand, the prevalence of the depression dimensions was: 11,7% for negative self-esteem, 24,6% for suicidal thoughts, 56,8% for poor social image perception, 26,3% for negative affect, 23, 4% for helplessness, and 19,3% for avoidance tendencies. Conclusion: To conclude, it is necessary to improve the selection criteria in order to analyze the soldiers’ mental health and, in this way, not to choose the candidates with depressive tendencies.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de depresión y de sus dimensiones en soldados de un batallón colombiano. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 410 soldados a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario de depresión. Se calcularon las prevalencias para cada dominio y para la depresión en general y la asociación con factores de interés. Resultados: La prevalencia de depresión fue del 8,8%; las prevalencias de los dominios fueron: 11,7% para la autoestima negativa, 24,6% para la ideación suicida, 56,8% para pobre imagen social, 26,3% para afecto negativo, 23,4% para desesperanza y 19,3% para evitación. Conclusión: Refinar los procedimientos de tamizaje en salud mental en el proceso de selección de los jóvenes soldados, para que sean desacuartelados aquellos aspirantes propensos a la depresión

Desarrollo multidisciplinario en investigación y docencia del centro universitario UAEM Valle de México

DESARROLLO MULTIDISCIPLINARIO EN INVESTIGACIÓN Y DOCENCIA DEL CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO UAEM VALLE DE MÉXICOLa Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México ha evolucionado a través de sus 188 años de historia, dedicada a la educación, la investigación, la cultura y el deporte, como sus grandes ejes rectores, formadora de hombres y mujeres con un alto sentido humanista y ético, contribuyendo a lograr nuevas y mejores formas de existencia y convivencia social. Durante el proceso de desconcentración de la UAEM, se crearon las Unidades Académicas y Centros Universitarios para brindar el servicio de educación a más jóvenes en todo el Estado de México, este Centro Universitario fue uno de los primeros y a sus veinte años de existencia se está consolidando como uno de los mejores. Es en los últimos años que se ha venido impulsando la investigación al contar con cuerpos académicos, en formación y en consolidación, con infraestructura de primera tanto en equipo como en laboratorios especializados, con profesores de tiempo completo que participan en congresos, seminarios y presentan publicaciones en revistas indexadas. Por ello para celebrar esos veinte años de existencia de esta honorable institución, se planeó la compilación de esta obra que es parte del quehacer multidisciplinario en investigación y docencia como parte del Plan de Desarrollo 2013-2017, de esta administración. Esta obra reúne investigaciones tanto de profesores como de alumnos desde las diferentes ramas del saber en las que se inscriben sus siete licenciaturas, Actuaría, Administración, Contaduría, Derecho, Economía, Relaciones Económicas Internacionales e Informática Administrativa, tanto presencial como a distancia, así como sus tres ingenierías, Industrial, en Computación y Sistemas y Comunicaciones, así como gracias a la vinculación y colaboración académico – científica que se tiene con otras instituciones de educación superior a nivel nacional, como el Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba, la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Universidad Politécnica de Victoria, el Instituto Politécnico Nacional entre otras. En el capítulo 1 se abordan seis temáticas diferentes de vanguardia en el área de las Ingenierías, en los capítulos 2 y 3 se incluyen temas de interés y gran relevancia en materia de ciencias sociales, política y economía. Se hace extensivo un reconocimiento para todos los que participaron tanto en la revisión de los trabajos, como en la compilación del producto final de este Libro intitulado “Desarrollo Multidisciplinario en Investigación y Docencia del Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de México”

The SIMAC study: A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of resistance training and aerobic training on the fitness and body composition of Colombian adolescents.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on muscle strength, aerobic fitness and body composition, of replacing the physical education (PE) class of Colombian adolescents with resistance or aerobic training. 120 tanner stage 3 adolescents attending a state school were randomized to resistance training, aerobic training, or a control group who continued to attend a weekly 2- hour PE class for 16 weeks. The resistance training and aerobic training groups participated in twice weekly supervised after-school exercise sessions of < 1 hour instead of their PE class. Sum of skinfolds, lean body mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscular strength (6 repetition maximum (RM)) bench press, lateral pulldown and leg press) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (multistage 20 meter shuttle run) were assessed at pre and post intervention. Complete data were available for n = 40 of the resistance training group, n = 40 of the aerobic training group and n = 30 PE (controls). Resistance training attenuated increases in sum of skinfolds compared with controls (d = 0.27, [0.09-0.36]). We found no significant effect on lean body mass. Resistance training produced a positive effect on muscle strength compared with both controls (d = 0.66 [.49-.86]) and aerobic training (d = 0.55[0.28-0.67]). There was a positive effect of resistance training on cardiorespiratory fitness compared with controls (d = 0.04 [-0.10-0.12]) but not compared with aerobic training (d = 0.24 [0.10-0.36]). Replacing a 2-hour PE class with two 1 hour resistance training sessions attenuated gains in subcutaneous adiposity, and enhanced muscle strength and aerobic fitness development in Colombian youth, based on a median attendance of approximately 1 session a week. Further research to assess whether adequate stimuli for the development of muscular fitness exists within current physical education provision is warranted

Kinetics of immune responses elicited after three mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses in predominantly antibody-deficient individuals

Mass vaccination campaigns reduced COVID-19 incidence and severity. Here, we evaluated the immune responses developed in SARS-CoV-2-uninfected patients with predominantly antibody-deficiencies (PAD) after three mRNA-1273 vaccine doses. PAD patients were classified based on their immunodeficiency: unclassified primary antibody-deficiency (unPAD, n = 9), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID, n = 12), combined immunodeficiency (CID, n = 1), and thymoma with immunodeficiency (TID, n = 1). unPAD patients and healthy controls (HCs, n = 10) developed similar vaccine-induced humoral responses after two doses. However, CVID patients showed reduced binding and neutralizing titers compared to HCs. Of interest, these PAD groups showed lower levels of Spike-specific IFN-γ-producing cells. CVID individuals also presented diminished CD8+T cells. CID and TID patients developed cellular but not humoral responses. Although the third vaccine dose boosted humoral responses in most PAD patients, it had limited effect on expanding cellular immunity. Vaccine-induced immune responses in PAD individuals are heterogeneous, and should be immunomonitored to define a personalized therapeutic strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b, leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W' boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe