Stratigraphy and structure of the southern Sulphur Spring Range, Eureka County, Nevada

Early Paleozoic limestones and dolomites of the shallow shelf transitional facies belt were mapped in the southern Sulphur Spring Range, Eureka County, Nevada. The four youngest units in the map area are in fault contact with the Lower Devonian rocks and were probably transported westward, along a low-angle normal fault. The crinoidal dolomites of the Hanson Creek Formation, dated as latest Ordovician in the map area, were deposited in a low-energy lagoon. Overlying the Hanson Creek Formation, with a gradational contact, is the lower member of the Lone Mountain Dolomite, a probable reef complex. The exposed thickness of the lower Lone Mountain Dolomite is estimated to be 250 feet. The Lower Devonian Old Whalen Member of the Lone Mountain Dolomite is composed of well-bedded, alternating brown and gray dolomites. The repetition of rock types in the Old Whalen Member indicates recurring shallow marine environments on a broad carbonate platform. The Old Whalen is estimated to be 1400 feet thick. Directly overlying the Old Whalen Member, is the Kobeh Member of the McColley Canyon Formation. Rocks of the McColley Canyon Formation were deposited on a shallow shelf under normal marine conditions. The mid-Lower Devonian Kobeh Member is sparsely to abundantly fossiliferous and varies from a peloidal wackestone to a peloidal sandy wackestone to a sandy peloidal packstone. The thickness is 276 feet. Overlying the Kobeh Member are the abundantly fossiliferous beds of the lower part of the Bartine Member. The lower part, of the Bartine ranges from a wackestone to a packstone and weathers to a chacteristic yellowish tan. The upper part of the Bartine varies from wackestone to packstone, is darker in color, and is sparsely to moderately fossiliferous. The thickness of the Bartine Member is 189 feet, and it is late Early Devonian in age. The Sadler Ranch Formation is a dolomitic wackestone containing conoids with or without brachiopods, and it is latest Early Devonian in age. The Sadler Ranch Formation was deposited on a shallow shelf under normal marine conditions. Above the Sadler Ranch Formation is the lower member of the Oxyoke Canyon Sandstone. The lower member of the Oxyoke varies from a peloidal packstone to sandy peloidal wackestone to quartzite. The upper member of the Oxyoke Canyon Sandstone is a structureless dolomitic mudstone. The Oxyoke Canyon Sandstone was probably deposited in a high to moderate energy lagoon with a subsequent decrease in depositional energy. The Middle Devonian Sentinel Mountain Dolomite overlies the Oxyoke Canyon Sandstone. The Sentinel Mountain is a structureless to finely laminated dolomite that was deposited in a lagoon that initially had open circulation, but which was later cut off. The youngest formation in the map area is the Permian Garden Valley Formation which is a reddish brown silicified conglomerate. The Sadler Ranch Formation, Oxyoke Canyon Sandstone, Sentinel Mountain Dolomite, and Garden Valley Formation are all present as allochthonous blocks, which were transported from the east as a result of movement along low-angle normal faults. The blocks were juxtaposed on top of the autochthonous Old Whalen Member of the Lone Mountain Dolomite and on the McColley Canyon Formation. Denudation of the Kobeh and Bartine Members of the McColley Canyon Formation occurred as a result of the movement on the faults. The timing of the movement on the low-angle normal faults is estimated to be Cretaceous because of the eastern source and the pre-Cretaceous age of the allochthonous rocks. The age is still problematical as a consequence of the lack of any cross-cutting dikes or other age-determinable units

Quantum dichotomies and coherent thermodynamics beyond first-order asymptotics

We address the problem of exact and approximate transformation of quantum dichotomies in the asymptotic regime, i.e., the existence of a quantum channel $\mathcal E$ mapping $\rho_1^{\otimes n}$ into $\rho_2^{\otimes R_nn}$ with an error $\epsilon_n$ (measured by trace distance) and $\sigma_1^{\otimes n}$ into $\sigma_2^{\otimes R_n n}$ exactly, for a large number $n$. We derive second-order asymptotic expressions for the optimal transformation rate $R_n$ in the small, moderate, and large deviation error regimes, as well as the zero-error regime, for an arbitrary pair $(\rho_1,\sigma_1)$ of initial states and a commuting pair $(\rho_2,\sigma_2)$ of final states. We also prove that for $\sigma_1$ and $\sigma_2$ given by thermal Gibbs states, the derived optimal transformation rates in the first three regimes can be attained by thermal operations. This allows us, for the first time, to study the second-order asymptotics of thermodynamic state interconversion with fully general initial states that may have coherence between different energy eigenspaces. Thus, we discuss the optimal performance of thermodynamic protocols with coherent inputs and describe three novel resonance phenomena allowing one to significantly reduce transformation errors induced by finite-size effects. What is more, our result on quantum dichotomies can also be used to obtain, up to second-order asymptotic terms, optimal conversion rates between pure bipartite entangled states under local operations and classical communication.Comment: 51 pages, 6 figures, comments welcom

Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to jet pairs in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV

Results are reported of a general search for pair production of heavy resonances decaying to pairs of hadronic jets in events with at least four jets. The study is based on up to 19.4 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. Limits are determined on the production of scalar top quarks (top squarks) in the framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry and on the production of color-octet vector bosons (colorons). First limits at the LHC are placed on top squark production for two scenarios. The first assumes decay to a bottom quark and a light-flavor quark and is excluded for masses between 200 and 385 GeV, and the second assumes decay to a pair of light-flavor quarks and is excluded for masses between 200 and 350 GeV at 95% confidence level. Previous limits on colorons decaying to light-flavor quarks are extended to exclude masses from 200 to 835 GeV

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia