La melancolía en “La primeira y segunda centúrias de curas medicinais” de Amato Lusitano

Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio introductorio al tema de la melancolía en la obra de Amato Lusitano, sobre todo de la “Primeira y Segunda Centúrias” de las siete que componen la obra “Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae Septem”, intentando definir la práctica clínica del autor, los principios sobre que se fundamenta y la influencia que otros autores y su filiación judía imprimirán a la obra.An introductory study to the theme of melancholy in the work of Amato Lusitano was done, especially from the “Primeira and Segunda Centúrias” from the seven that compose the work “Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae Septem”, trying to draw the picture of the author’s clinical practice and the guiding principles on which it is based as well as the influence that other authors and his own Jewish affiliation brought to his work

Ampulectomia transduodenal e a adaptação cirúrgica focada no paciente: Um relato de caso

Tumores da Ampola de Vater são entidades clínicas raras, em sua maioria adenocarcinomas, e em menor frequência do tipo neuroendócrino. O tratamento inclui ressecções endoscópicas e cirúrgicas, que podem ser extensas ou locais. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de Tumor Neuroendócrino de ampola em uma paciente idosa, que foi submetida a uma Ampulectomia Transduodenal. Relato: Paciente do sexo feminino, 83 anos, apresentou quadro de anorexia, icterícia progressiva, colúria e acolia fecal. Ecoendoscopia evidenciou lesão de 2,2 cm na ampola. Indicado o tratamento cirúrgico, no qual optou-se pela Ampulectomia Transduodenal. Após biópsia da peça cirúrgica, o estudo imunohistoquímico indicou Tumor Neuroendócrino grau III (Ki67 > 80%) Paciente evoluiu bem e foi seguida por 8 meses com relativa estabilidade clínica e sem complicações relativas ao tratamento cirúrgico ou a doença de base. Discussão: Os tumores neuroendócrinos correspondem a menos de 2% dos tumores da ampola. O tratamento mais indicado é a Duodenopancreatectomia, que promove um melhor controle locorregional e possibilita a obtenção de margens oncológicas, apesar de estar associado a complicações graves. Ressecções mais conservadoras como a endoscópica e a ampulectomia transduodenal estão associadas a menor morbimortalidade mas possuem a desvantagem do menor controle oncológico. Em pacientes bem selecionados, a Ampulectomia Transduodenal demonstrou taxas de sobrevida semelhantes à duodenopancreatectomia e com menor morbidade. Fatores associados à ausência de metástase linfonodal e obtenção de margem livre, incluindo tamanho, grau e diferenciação histológica, devem ser avaliados como preditores de sucesso terapêutico. Além disso, deve se considerar o status clínico na escolha. Conclusão: a ampulectomia transduodenal é uma opção que deve ser considerada no tratamento dos tumores da ampola, sendo particularmente eficaz em casos selecionados e em pacientes sem performance para duodenopancreatectomia

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

La melancolía en “La primeira y segunda centúrias de curas medicinais” de Amato Lusitano

Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio introductorio al tema de la melancolía en la obra de Amato Lusitano, sobre todo de la “Primeira y Segunda Centúrias” de las siete que componen la obra “Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae Septem”, intentando definir la práctica clínica del autor, los principios sobre que se fundamenta y la influencia que otros autores y su filiación judía imprimirán a la obra.An introductory study to the theme of melancholy in the work of Amato Lusitano was done, especially from the “Primeira and Segunda Centúrias” from the seven that compose the work “Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae Septem”, trying to draw the picture of the author’s clinical practice and the guiding principles on which it is based as well as the influence that other authors and his own Jewish affiliation brought to his work

Guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis), an anciently consumed stimulant from the Amazon rain forest: The seeded-fruit transcriptome

Guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis) is a plant native to the central Amazon basin. Roasted seed extracts have been used as medicinal beverages since pre-Colombian times, due to their reputation as stimulants, aphrodisiacs, tonics, as well as protectors of the gastrointestinal tract. Guarana plants are commercially cultivated exclusively in Brazil to supply the national carbonated soft-drink industry and natural product stores around the world. In this report, we describe and discuss the annotation of 15,387 ESTs from guarana seeded-fruits, highlighting sequences from the flavonoid and purine alkaloid pathways, and those related to biotic stress avoidance. This is the largest set of sequences registered for the Sapindaceae family. © 2007 Springer-Verlag

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved